for orthodontist

1. Ectodermal dysplasia
The ectodermal dysplasias (ED) represent a heterogeneous group of conditions characterized
primarily by defective:
Clinical Manifestations of Ectodermal Dysplasia, Gill 2008
1) Skin
 Dry
 Hypopigmentation
 Dermatitis
2) Sweat glands
 Reduced or absent sweating
 Reduced heat tolerance
3) Hair follicles
 Sparse fair hair
 Alopecia
 Eyebrows or eyelashes absent/sparse
4) Nails
 Dystrophic and malformed
5) Face
 Cleft lip/palate
 Frontal bossing
 Depressed nasal bridge
 Class III skeletal pattern
 Reduced face height
6) Eyes
 Cataract
 Defective lacrimation
7) Nose
 Rhinitis
 Epistaxis
8) Dental
 Hypodontia or Anodontia
 Malformed teeth (cone- or peg-shaped)

2.  Prone to caries owing to enamel defects and xerostomia
9) Salivary glands
 Xerostomia