This document discusses beta blockers (also known as sympatholytics or antagonists). It classifies beta blockers as either non-selective, which block both beta 1 and beta 2 receptors, or selective, which selectively block beta 1 receptors. Examples of commonly used beta blockers are provided. The document then describes the pharmacological effects of propranolol, including its effects on the heart, metabolism, eyes, and skeletal muscle. Finally, the clinical indications, adverse effects, and contraindications of beta blockers are outlined.
3. CLASSIFICATION OF β-BLOCKERS (ANTAGONIST)
According to receptor selectivity
1-Non-selective-(β1 + β2)
Propranolol
Timolol
Sotalol
Pindolol
Nadolol
3/10/2023 ANS 3
4. CLASSIFICATION OF β-BLOCKERS (ANTAGONIST)
2- Selective-(β1)- (Cardio selective)
Nebivolol
Betaxolol
Esmolol
Atenolol
Metoprolol
α and β mixed
Labetalol and Carvedilol
3/10/2023 ANS 4
5. PHARMACOLOGICAL EFFECTS (PROPRANOLOL)
Heart : ( β1)
↓ Force of contraction
↓ Conduction velocity
Cardiac output ↓, ↓ B.P
Peripheral vasoconstriction: (β2)
↑ peripheral resistance
Bronchoconstriction: β2
Worsening of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) or
asthma.
3/10/2023 ANS 5
6. PHARMACOLOGICAL EFFECTS (PROPRANOLOL)
Metabolic effect
1-↓ glycogenolysis and ↓ glucagon secretion.
2- ↑ VLDL and ↓ HDL (chronic use)
3-↑ serum K level
Eye
↓ intraocular pressure by ↓ the secretion of aqueous humor
Skeletal muscle
Inhibits tremor related with anxiety
↓ exercise capacity
3/10/2023 ANS 6
