Leishmaniasis is a disease caused by parasites spread through insect bites that slowly spreads through the body, causing ulcers at the bite site and potentially destroying internal organs, killing 50,000 to 60,000 people annually. HIV/AIDS rates in Israel were 52.8 cases per million in 2009, with the first case documented in 1981 and 6,374 people living with AIDS that year. Iraq has struggled with access to fresh water since 2003 as water treatment systems fell apart, putting young children at risk for severe diarrhea, malnutrition, and stunted growth.