1. What controls what can enter the plasma membrane by simple diffusion? 2. What is the significance of differences in ion concentrations between the inside and outside of the cell? 3. What are membrane transport proteins? Are there different types? How is specificity generated? 4. What is the electrochemical gradient? 5. What is the difference between diffusion, passive diffusion, and active transport? Can either type of transport protein mediate all of the above forms of transport? If not, why?.