faisal baris lecture 2

1. Learning: How Are We Doing
and What Is It About
Faisal Bari

2. Learning Crisis (UNICEF)

3. Foundational Reading Skills (UNICEF)

4. Foundational Numeracy Skills (UNICEF)

5. Reading Skills (UNICEF)

6. Numeracy Skills

7. NATIONAL RURAL (3-5 years)
Proportion of enrolled children has decreased in 2021 as
compared to 2019.
38% of all school-aged children in the age bracket of 3-5 years
were enrolled in schools as compared to 39% in 2019.
NATIONAL RURAL (6-16 years)
Proportion of out-of-school children has increased when
compared to 2019.
In 2021, 19% of children were reported to be out-of-school
which has increased when compared to 2019 (17%).
81% of all school-aged children within the age bracket of 6-16
years were enrolled in schools.
Amongst these, 81% (77% in 2019) of children were enrolled in
government schools.
19% (23% in 2019) were going to non-state institutions (18%
private schools, 1% Madrassah, 0% others). The share of private
schools has dropped by 4% compared with 2019.

8. PROVINCIAL COMPARISON
AJK has the highest percentage of children (age 6-16 years) enrolled –AJK 92%

9. INCOME INEQUALITIES: Access (NATIONAL)
Gender Disparities:
Gap between the
richest and the
poorest by gender.
35% poorest girls are
out of school
compared to 21%
richest girls not going
to school.
Of the poorest HHs,
23% boys out of
school vs. 35% girls!
12% intra-group
difference!
Disparities in enrollment:
EQUITY in ASER 2019
27%
23%
29%
21%
Distribution of
Households by Wealth
Wealth Index Based on:
House Type, Electricity,
TV, Computer/Laptop,
Car, Motorbike
Households in Chronic Poverty
(Poorest)
Households in Transient/
Churning Poverty (Poor)
Households out of Poverty
(Rich)
Households not Poor at all
(Richest)
*Income quartiles are clubbed as Poor and Poorest & Rich and Richest

10. PROVINCIAL COMPARISON- Punjab, AJK Leading!
LEARNING LEVELS (CLASS 5)

11. The learning Crisis persists in grade 3, 5 & 8
Needing urgent attention at foundational levels
The crisis of learning that pre dates the pandemic;. In 2021 with only 15% and 20%
children having some foundational literacy & numeracy for grade 3 points towards
'lost generations' in the making.

12. Private tuition incidence is greater among private school students
TUITION TREND CHILDREN 5-16 YEARS
Tuition has increased significantly for government school students (7% in 2019).
Increase in tuition in government schools by 14 % during COVID-19 is a burden on households.

13. Consequences
• Higher risk of dropout
• Learning depends on and builds on earlier learning
• What is learning for?
• What do we need to do?
• Role of individual learners
• Role of parents
• Role of teachers
• Role of citizens
• Role of government