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標題:亦正亦邪的神
書籍ISBN:9789865671631
書名:徬徨少年時
書籍作者、編譯者:赫曼.赫塞、丁君君、謝瑩瑩
出版單位:漫遊者
出版年⽉:2016年10⽉

版次:初版九刷第⼀次
圖書作者與內容簡介
此書作者為赫曼.赫塞,赫塞⽣長於新教的牧師家庭,家中擁有濃厚的宗教氛圍,14
歲時他因應⽗⺟的期待進入了隱修院就學,但是因為精神異狀⽽逃出了學校。⾃此之後他練
習寫作,前期作品並未引起⼈們注意,直⾄他的第⼀部長篇⼩說《鄉愁》⼀舉成名。⼀戰
後,因為本⾝的⼼理疾病⽽閱讀了許多精神分析的書籍,寫出了本書《徬徨少年時》。晚年
赫塞隱居瑞⼠,享年85歲。
本書描述主⼈翁辛克萊從童年到青年的成長歷程,他歷經了多次的徬徨、流離、質疑
⾃我,幸虧所遇的引路⼈德米安、⽪斯托琉斯、夏娃夫⼈的指引,他才得以成長,蛻變為全
新的⾃⼰。
內容摘錄
1.這個男⼈很有權勢,旁⼈害怕他。他有某種『印記』。⼈們總是隨⼼所欲地解釋這件事。
⽽『⼈們』總是傾向於讓⾃⼰⼼安理得的說法。——辛克萊第⼀次遇⾒德米安時,德米安
對他講述不同關點的亞伯、該隱的故事。
2. 我也認為我們應該將⼀切都奉為神道,整個世界,⽽不是那個冠冕堂皇的偽世界!因此我
們除了走上帝之道,同時還得走魔⿁之道。我覺得這樣沒什麼不對,或者⼈可以創造出⼀個
將魔⿁包容在內的上帝,在這樣的上帝⾯前,⼈們不會對世上最理所當然的事視若無睹。
——德米安對辛克萊闡述他對耶穌受難的故事的看法。
3. ⿃要掙脫出殼,蛋就是世界。⼈要誕⽣於世上,就得摧毁這個世界。⿃⾶向神。神的名字
叫阿布拉克薩斯。----德米安回覆了辛克萊的畫,並且提到了阿布拉克薩斯,引導辛克萊走
向新的道路。
我的觀點
⼀開頭,主⼈翁辛克萊體會到了兩個世界的⼤相迥異。⼀個是有著神道信仰、規範,
充滿著愛的家庭。另⼀個則是在屋⼦外,烏煙瘴氣、混亂不堪,這個世界殘酷、野蠻,陰森
且陌⽣,但故事卻是從這個世界出發。----這兒提到的是辛克萊在未經過外⾯的歷練所呈現
的看法,相較於之後他的觀點,提供了⼀個天真無邪的想法,與故事後半段成為了⼀個有趣
的對比反差。
辛克萊與不良少年⼀塊兒玩時,因為不想被瞧不起⽽編造了⼀個惡作劇偷竊的謊⾔,
不良少年卻拿此來勒索他,他為籌錢,偷了家裡的錢財,與⽗⺟爭吵,因⽽踏上了憂鬱的道
路——當辛克萊撒謊時他就已經在⼼中埋下了邪惡的種⼦,⽽不良少年威脅他也只是剛好⽽
已。事後,辛克萊選擇偷錢⽽不是照實告訴⽗⺟乞求原諒,這可能是最⼤的⼀個過錯。做錯
事不打緊,要緊的是犯第⼆次的錯誤。
⼀陣⼦後,他遇⾒了德米安,德米安成熟如⼤⼈,在第⼀次⾒⾯時就向辛克萊闡述了
他⾃⼰的亞伯與該隱的觀點,給了辛克萊⼀個全新且不同的世界。在德米安的觀點中,被世
⼈認為的壞蛋該隱,只不過是⼈們懼怕該隱的藉⼝,他也將⼈們形容得懦弱⼜總是說謊。
——在書中,有提到德米安解釋源於早期基督時代的該隱派。我覺得德米安的說法太過誇
張,⽽且也不盡然是對的,不過恰好如此激進的解釋,打醒了活在聖經的辛克萊,迫使他去
思考更深層、更有深度的意義。
在⼀次不良少年對辛克萊的過分要求後,德米安解決了他們倆的問題。儘管辛克萊⼜
驚奇⼜感激,他卻沒有向德米安道謝,反⽽是將他拋到腦後,並且重回了溫暖的家庭。——
我認為辛克萊沒有回報的原因,是羞愧和畏懼讓他無法⾯對。畢竟德米安⼀路看著他墮落到
回歸正常,⽽辛克萊再也不願與那些知道他糟糕時期的⼈們有所接觸,他不願回憶,只想在
家中溫暖天真的長⼤,享受著⽗⺟溫柔的呵護。儘管已經知道邪惡世界的存在,也知道⾃⼰
必須去⾯對,但如同書中所說的,最讓⼈畏懼的恰恰是通往⾃⼰的道路。
幾年後,德米安與辛克萊上了同⼀堂課程。在對⽅互相感興趣的時候,德米安就意外
的坐在了辛克萊旁邊。——在書中,辛克萊也有問過德米安為什麼那時可以坐來這個位⼦,
德米安回答:「因為我的意志不會放過這個機會。」德米安認為只要慾望發⾃內⼼,意志便
可達成任何事。我不太認同他,當那些在沙場上打仗的⼠兵受傷死亡之前,難道他們不是發
⾃內⼼的希望⾃⼰能夠活下去嗎?怎麼沒有發⽣通通爬起來活蹦亂跳的奇蹟?
兩位很快成了要好的知⼰,有⼀次他們談到辛克萊的《兩個世界》故事,德米安立刻
就表達了他不贊同和質疑。這個世界的確有天使與魔⿁,但是我們不能只效忠於光明的那
⾯,⽽是應該兩⽅⾯都有所接觸,因為兩個世界合起來才是真正的上帝(內容摘錄中的第⼆
句)。——我覺得德米安講的相當正確,⼈要活下去就得與兩個世界互相結合。性在教條中
是被禁⽌的,但如果沒有性愛那⼈們要怎麼傳承下⼀代?現在來說,許多長輩甚⾄同⼀輩的
⼈也不喜歡談性,其實是不需要刻意避⽽不談的,我反⽽認為不談更加奇怪,畢竟動物的天
性、慾望當中,就必定包含性愛的元素。
⼜過了幾個⽉,辛克萊準備前往新學校就讀並且準備外宿。⼀開始他孤僻流離,後來
便沉醉在美酒中,過著墮落的⽣活,不過內⼼卻很明⽩地知道罪惡和過錯。——我認為他這
樣頹廢的理由是內⼼孤單了太久,只能飲酒度⽇,⼜害怕回去原先的世界,因為幹了這麼多
壞事,上帝已經不會接受他了。
⼀次散步中,辛克萊對⼀個女孩⼀⾒鍾情,但是他卻沒有向她搭話,⽽是⽤那女孩的
形象將⾃⼰拖出了陰暗的墮落之途,找回了⾃⼰。他開始畫畫後,意外地畫出了⼀個陌⽣的
女⼈,並時時刻刻想著。最後他頓悟了,那是德米安的臉。——他依照⾃⼰的潛意識描出了
神似德米安的女⼈,說明⾃⼰無時無刻不在想著他,透露出了他的思念之情,以及他懷念知
⼼朋友的憂傷。
他想起了他家園⾨⼝上的⼀個⿃形徽章,他畫了下來,並寄給了德米安。⼀陣⼦後,
他以意想不到的⽅式收到了德米安的回信。翻開課本,發現⼀張紙條夾在書中,上頭提到了
那幅畫,還有阿布拉克薩斯(原⽂在內容摘錄的第三句)。後來辛克萊追尋著阿布拉克薩斯,
了解祂是個揉合神性和魔⿁的神,啟發了他的思想。——我想德米安應該是以上述所提的意
志的⽅法將信回給了辛克萊吧!紙條中提到了阿布拉克薩斯,影響了辛克萊往後的⽣活,也
為他開啟了走向新世界的⾨。阿布拉克薩斯,⼀個走天使與魔⿁之道的神,正好與《兩個世
界》的故事相呼應,也與辛克萊當前的⼼靈相當契合。
⼀次偶然,他進入了⼀個管風琴⼿──⽪斯托琉斯的教堂,他多次前往聆聽⾳樂。⼀
次,他與樂⼿交談著,發現樂⼿也對阿布拉克薩斯相當感興趣。⾃此之後,他們便⼀起思考
哲理,他們談論著這個神,有時互相反駁,有時⼜認同彼此。——辛克萊發現除了德米安之
外的另⼀位知⼼好友,也為他孤寂的⽣活點亮了⼀把火,找到了新的⼈⽣意義。
⼀次談話下,辛克萊因為聽倦了樂⼿的哲理,因⽽講了句話頂撞。那瞬間⼀切都變
了,最後辛克萊在尷尬的沉默中離開。——我認為他在當下並非真正的想要傷害樂⼿,只是
正好情緒上火才不⾃覺地脫⼝⽽出,在書中也有提到,辛克萊⾺上就後悔了。他們倆充滿著
智慧的靈魂就因為⼩⼩的過錯⽽失去了彼此,相當的可惜不捨。
辛克萊為了尋找德米安⽽四處奔波,最後終於遇⾒了他。隔⽇,辛克萊前往德米安的
住處,並⾒到了他的⺟親夏娃夫⼈,驚覺她就是辛克萊畫中的陌⽣女⼦。很快的,他們就如
同親⽣⺟⼦般的相愛,辛克萊甚⾄愛戀上了她,只不過被夏娃夫⼈溫柔的阻擋了。——辛克
萊愛上夏娃夫⼈的原因可能是因為他希望能擁有⼀個能懂他的⼼的女⼦,只是他已經缺失了
太久,所以遇⾒時才那麼的渴望,乃⾄迷戀。 很好1
⼀個糟糕的預兆之下,德國與俄國的戰爭開打了。德米安和辛克萊都出發去當兵了。
在辛克萊受傷昏迷時,他半夢半醒的⾒到了德米安。他醒來時,德米安早已消失,不過鏡
上,映的卻是德米安的影像。——在最後,辛克萊的樣⼦、臉上的神情與德米安⼀模⼀樣,
說明他已經蛻變進化,成了真正有智慧、有哲理的⼈。 good. 很⽤⼼2
寫作格式:可以不⽤⼤量斜體、粗體來標⽰,不然重點反⽽難以突顯。
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