The document summarizes the key external and internal reproductive organs. The external genitalia discussed are the vulva, labia majora, labia minora, clitoris, and vestibule. The internal organs discussed include the uterus, fallopian tubes, and ovaries. The uterus has a body, isthmus, and cervix. The fallopian tubes connect to the uterus and ovaries. The ovaries are paired sex glands that store and release eggs and produce hormones.

1. Reproductive organ
1.External genitalia
2. Internal genitalia
3.Accessory reproductive organ

2. External Genitalia

3. Vulva /pudendum (covered by keratinized startified
squamous epithelium)
• Mons pubis
• Labia Majora
• Labia Minora
• Hymen
• Clitoris
• Vestibule
• Urethra
• Skin gland
• Bartholin’s gland
• Vestibular bulb

4. Mons Pubis
•Pad of subcutaneous adipose connective tissue.
•Hair pattern - Escutcheon (triangular with the
base directed upward )

5. Labia Majora
•Subcutaneous Tissue.
• Form posterior commissure in front of anus.
• The thin Skin on outer surface has sebaceous gland
covered with hair follicles .
• Covered with squamous epithelium and contain
sweat glands.
• Adipose tissue supplied by venous plexus
• Homologous to scrotum .

6. Labia Minora
• Subcutaneous tissue
• Two thin fold of screen, devoid of fat, on either side, just
within the labia majora .
• Lower portion fuses to form a fold of skin known as
fourchette.
• Lacerated during labour.
• B/w the fourchette and vaginal orifice is the Fossa
Navicularis .
• No hair follicle no sweat gland .

7. CLITORIS
• Small cylindrical erectile body,
• 1.5 - 2 cm situated in anterior part of vulva.
• It has three part
• Glance which is covered by squamous
• Body
• Crura

9. Vestibule
• It is made up Anteriorly by clitoris
• And posteriorly by forchette.
• It has four opening :-
1. Urethral opening
2. Vaginal orifice and hymen
3. Opening of birtholin duct
4. Skene's gland

10. Urethral opening:
• the opening is situated in the mid line just in
front of vaginal orifice about 1.5 CM below the
pubic arch.

11. Vaginal Opening
•It is incompletely closed by a septum of mucus
membrane called hymen.
•Hymen lined by stratified squamous epithelium.

12. Bertholin Duct Opening
•It is pea shaped and yellowish white in colour.
•During sexual excitement it secrete abundant
alkaline mucus which help in lubrication.

13. Skenes’s Gland
• The largest para urethral gland it is
homologous to prostate.

14. UTERUS
•Hollow pyriform muscular organ situated in
pelvis is known as uterus.
•It is situated between bladder and
rectum.Position: antiversion and antiflexion.
•It inclines to the right dextro rotation so that
cervix is directed to the left levo rotation and
come in closer relation with the left ureter.

16. Measurement of Uterus
•8 cm long
•5 cm wide
•1.25 cm thick
•50-80 gm weight

17. Uterus Parts
•Body
•Ishthmus
•Cervix

18. • BODY
• It is also known as the Corpus
•Body is divided into
1. Fundus
2. Body cavity
•The uterine tube, round ligament, ligament of
the ovary, attached to it.

19. •Isthmus :- it is constricted part measuring 0.5
CM between body and cervix.
• Cervix: it is cylindrical in shape and measure
2.5 CM.It extended from the isthmus and end
at the external OS which open into vagina.The
part lying above vagina is called Supra vaginal

20. STRUCTURES
Body :
1.Perimetrium: It is a serous coat attached to the
peritoneum.
2.Myometrium: it consists of a thick bundle of smooth
muscles fibre. During pregnancy three layer can be identified
outer longitudinal middle, interlacing inner circular.
3. Endometrium: it is known as decidua in pregnancy.It is
mucus lining, it consists of lamina propria and surface
epithelium.Lamina propria is the made up of instrumal cells
endometrial glands and vessels.

21. Cervix
•It is composed of fibrous connective
tissue.Secretion is the endometrial secretion is
scanty and watery.Alkaline thick rich in
mucoprotein fructose and NaCl.

22. Arterial Supply
• Uterine arteries and vaginal arteries.
•Internal supply : basal artery and spiral artery .
Veins : Internal iliac vein.
NERVE : it get supply from sympathetic system and
partially from parasympathetic system
•Sympathetic is T5 –T6, T10 – L1
•Para sympathetic: pelvic nerve S2 ,S3 and S4
•The uterus is developed from fused vertical part of
two mullerian duct.

23. FALLOPIAN TUBE
• It Is situated in the medial 3/4th of upper free margin of
broad ligament.
• It has to opening uterine opening and pelvic opening.
• Parts of fallopian tube:
1. Intramural / interstitial: It is known as the anatomical
sphincter which is 1.25 CM in length and 1 mm in
diameter.
2. Isthmus: it is known as physiological sphincter, 3-4 CM in
length and 2 mm in diameter.
3. Ampula: it measures 5 cm in length.
4. Infundibulm: it is 1.25 cm long and diameter is 6 mm.

25. STRUCTURE
it consists of three layer.
1. Serous: all side of peritoneum except the line of
attachment of mesosalphinx.
2. Muscular: arranged in outer longitudinal and inner
circular.
3. Mucous membrane: it has three different cell -
• Columnar ciliated epithelial cell
• Secretary columnar cell and
• Peg cell.

26. Function
• Transport of the gametes
• To facilitate fertilization
• And survival of zygote through secretion
Blood supply:
1. arterial supply is from the uterine and ovarian.
2. Venous drainage is through pampiniform plexus into
ovarian vein

27. OVARY
Paired sex glands
Function : Germ cell maturation, storage and release.
Steroidgenesis
Each glant is oval in shape and pinkish grey in colour.
Surface is scarred during reproductive period.
Size: 3cm × 2cm× 1cm

29. • Ovary has two end :- tubal and uterine
• Has two border :- mesovarium and free posterior.
•It has two surface:- media surface and lateral surface
The structure:
•The ovary is covered by single layer of cubical cell known as
germinal epithelium.
• Cortex : strom cells which is thick beneath epithelium form a
tunica albuginea.
• During reproductive period cortex cover follicle known as
functional unit of the ovary.