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shadow puppetry
- 1. Craft Culture Pascal Gautrand Shadow Puppetry Xiaoxi LIU Institut Français de la Mode
- 2. Once upon a time Today Tomorrow
- 3. • Emperor Wu of Han Dynasty, 41-87 BC
- 4. • Song Dynasty: 960 AD- 1126 AD, Written & Painting records Along the river Qingming Festival，1085 AD -1145 AD, Zhang zeduan, 26 cm x 5.25 m
- 5. • Ming to Qing Dynasty: 1368 AD to 1911 AD • Peak: Aristocracy family owned in-house theatre; supported the crafts inheritance from generations to generations. • Shadow puppetry into middle class & rural peasants' life : wedding, funeral, birthdays etc. • The death of aristocracy & communist power led to the decline.
- 6. Once upon a time Today Tomorrow
- 7. Crafts of Shadow Puppet • 8 Steps • 24 procedures • 1 skilled craftsman: 5 to 6 puppet a month • Skills inheritance from generations to generations ( male only) • Apprentices need 5-6 years to master • Facing extinction and Enlisted as intangible cultural heritage
- 9. Step1and 2: Leather preparation
- 10. Step 3 : Sketching Step 4 : Outlining by needles
- 11. Step 5 : Carving More than 3000 Carvings
- 12. Step 6 : Colouring Step 7 : Drying
- 13. Step 8 : Assembling
- 14. WANG Tianwen: Last master
- 16. Along the river in Qingming festival
- 17. Current activity -Products: Gift sets 20 inch, retail price 200-400 RMB 35 to 60 USD
- 18. Current activity- image and marketing : Studio in themed hotel, exhibitions
- 19. Once upon a time Today Tomorrow
- 20. • Technical: Craftsmanship, mastery by practice • Cultural: Indian, Indonesian shadow puppet; German and Japan collectors; • Territorial: Shadow puppetry association; intangible cultural Heritage, • Historical:2000 years history, national heritage Craftsman to Artist
- 21. • adaptation to home décor: lamp shades Product
- 23. • Tool kit for shadow theatre: traditional characters; cartoon characters Product
- 24. • Develop a website with the stories sets and demonstrate craftsmanship; • Unite other craftsmen in the area to have a common platform as a gallery; • More collaboration with brands such as Innisfree in 2016 Marketing and Image--Artist
- 25. • Modern designed VI-Frames, signatures; • Art gallery in top tier department stores; Distribution
- 26. Thank you
Editor's Notes
- Legacy: Emperor Wu of Han,41–87 BC ,death of Empress Li, shadow puppetry was shown to emperor to pay tribute to his wife.
- Song Dynasty Popularity: Live performance in Ming Dynasty and peak in Qing Dynasty; aristocracy families started to raise puppetry team. Influence: integrated with local folk paintings, folk theatre et diversification in more than 30 types of shadow puppetry Cultural influence: function as an education of Chinese traditional values2006, selected in the first “China Intangible Danger of Extinction: In Hua Xian , 15 skilled craftsmen, 8 of 15 aged 60+
- 1.Material selection; chose young, dark haired bull or donkey skin, firm and flexible; medium thickness, greenish blue and translucent 2.Leather preparation : soaking method in clean water and limestone soaking ;use knife to scrape off the fat; water soaking in 3_4days then scrape off once, repeat 4 times until the skin is transparent and even. 5.Carving 6. Colouring by Natural agent (mineral or vegetal: bright red, mustard 7.Dehydration: maintain a permernant texture 8. fixing the part
- 3.Puppet sketch duplication: patterns passed down from ancestors 4.Puppet sketch realisation: by needles
- Wang Tian Wen: 50 years crafts life , apprenticeship of Li Zhanwen President of Shanxi Province Shadow puppetry Association , Deputy director of Xi‘an Shadow Puppetry Museum, expert of China shadow puppetry carving art, China crafts artist, Representative Successors for National Intangible Cultural Heritage Projects 1976, Wangtianwen X Shanghai Art Film Studio，shoot movie《Shadow light calvary》 1978, began working in Xi‘an Institute of Arts and Crafts，founded Wang Shadown Puppetry Art Studio 1981, collaboration with master Li zhanwen and designed folding screen for Great hall of people in Pekin 《Princess Wencheng into Tibet 》 ，carved 《Monkey King》by the invitation of Japan 1993-1999，invited by the China Art museum and Shanghai Museum to organise, archive,identify and repair their Shadow collection collected in 1000 years. 2003, Wangtianwen and his fellows，in 300 days，design and carved a 23 meters long 1.2 meters height ground breaking Along the river during Qingming festival , 2004 opening in Shanghai art museum and entered the record of the Genius Today, supported by Shanxi Yutian media ltd and started by shadow art research institut 2017, the 57th La Biennale di Venezia， Government sponsorship: 2000 RMB annual