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Tonya Hass

This document provides a final report on a project to develop a Disaster Response and Preparedness Plan (DRPP) for Arkansas. It summarizes the natural disasters that affected the state in 2008, including five major Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) declared disasters across 72 of 75 counties. It then describes a planning process to gather input from local leaders on how to improve disaster preparation and recovery for businesses. This included eight sessions to identify challenges and a strategic planning conference to develop recommendations. The report concludes with appendices providing more details on the disasters, guidelines from various agencies, and notes from the planning sessions.

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F I N A L R E P O R T • J U N E 2 0 1 0 E DA D I S A S T E R R E S P O N S E A N D P R E PA R E D N E S S P L A N ( D R P P )
EDA Disaster Response and Preparedness Plan (DRPP) Tonya Hass, MPA University of Arkansas at Little Rock 2801 South University Avenue Little Rock, AR 72204-1099 Phone: (501) 569-8519 • Fax (501) 569-8538 Web site: www.iea.ualr.edu June 2010 Publication Number 10-04
We extend a very special thank you to the partners and participants of the EDA Disaster Response and Preparedness Plan (DRPP) project for providing the insight during this 18 month project which took place from August 2008-February 2010 in Arkansas’s eight regions. Participants at the local, regional and state levels provided the input for these recommendations and strategies that are identified in this final report. See Appendix D for a complete list of partners. We would like to acknowledge the Arkansas Economic Development Commission, the six Planning and Development Districts and the two economic development districts, for their contributions. Special Thanks To Our Partners Economic Development Administration, EDA - Austin Arkansas Governor’s Office Arkansas Economic Development Commission, AEDC Community Development Block Grants, CDBG Arkansas Association of Development Organizations, AADO Arkansas Department of Emergency Management, ADEM Association of Arkansas Counties, AAC Arkansas Municipal League, AML Small Business Administration, SBA U.S. Department of Agriculture, USDA Housing and Urban Development, HUD Arkansas Small Business and Technology Development Center, ASBTDC Oklahoma State University, OSU, Dr. Gary Webb Mississippi Development Authority, MDA, Jon Mabry and Lee Youngblood Arkansas Division of Volunteerism, DHS DOV Arkansas National Guard, ANG National Association of Development Organizations, NADO International Economic Development Council, IEDC United States Army Corps of Engineers, USACE Arkansas Department of Environmental Quality, ADEQ University of Arkansas Cooperative Extension The Delta Center for Economic Development Arkansas Congressional Delegation Finally, a very special thank you to the Institute for Economic Advancement staff for their time, talents and participation in this statewide EDA grant funded program. Principle Author Tonya G. Hass, MPA, Economic Development Liaison, Institute for Economic Advancement, University of Arkansas at Little Rock. Copy Editor Grainger Ledbetter, Labor Education Specialist, Institute for Economic Advancement, University of Arkansas at Little Rock. Desktop Publisher and Graphic Artist Mrs. Susan Jackson, Institute for Economic Advancement, University of Arkansas at Little Rock Acknowledgements E D A D I S A S T E R R E S P O N S E A N D P R E PA R E D N E S S P L A N ( D R P P )
I. Introduction 1 II. Assessment of Needs 3 III. Recovery and Readiness/Understanding 7 Sessions with Local Leaders IV. Recovery and Readiness Regional Strategies 13 with Public and Private Sector Leaders V. Recovery and Readiness Strategic 21 Planning Conference VI. Conclusion 45 VII. Appendices 47 Appendix A 48 i. FEMA-1744-DR 02/20/2008 48 ii. FEMA-1751-DR 05/22/2008 51 iii. FEMA-1758-DR 06/24/2008 54 iv. FEMA-1793-DR 09/18/2008 57 v. FEMA-1804-DR 11/28/2008 60 Appendix B 63 i. ADEM guidelines 63 ii. FEMA guidelines 72 iii. AML guidelines 73 iv. AAC guidelines 77 v. USDA Rural Development/HUD guidelines 78 vi. CDBG guidelines 81 vii. SBA guidelines 82 viii. ASBTDC guidelines 83 ix. ADOV guidelines 86 x. NADO/IEDC Report Findings 87 xi. UofA Cooperative Extension 88 xii. U.S. Army Corp of Engineers (USACE) 89 Appendix C 93 i. Notes from Understanding Sessions 93 ii. Notes from Strategies Sessions 97 iii. Regional Disaster Lessons Sessions 2010 103 Table of Contents E D A D I S A S T E R R E S P O N S E A N D P R E PA R E D N E S S P L A N ( D R P P )
1 E D A D I S A S T E R R E S P O N S E A N D P R E PA R E D N E S S P L A N ( D R P P ) Recognizing the potentially devastating economic impact of natural disasters, the Southwest Regional Of- fice of the Economic Development Administration (EDA) entered into an agreement with the Institute for Eco- nomic Advancement (IEA) to assess the impact of natural disasters on Arkansas businesses and industries in 2008 and identify ways to improve their ability to cope with future disasters. Working closely with the Arkansas’s eight Planning and Economic Development Districts (PDDs/EDDs), IEA facilitated a two phased “bottoms up” planning pro- cess that allowed local officials, business people, first responders, regional planners, and others to share their experiences and ideas on improving disaster prepara- tion and recovery. During the first phase of meetings or “Understanding Sessions,” the chronology of events in a natural disaster and the limitations for disaster planning and recovery were identified. At the second wave of sessions participants developed a wide range of actions and strategies at the local, state, regional and federal level to improve planning and recovery for local busi- ness and industry. The Institute for Economic Advancement (IEA) at the University of Arkansas at Little Rock (UALR) and the Arkansas Economic Development Commission (AEDC), the state agency charged with coordinating economic development activity in Arkansas, jointly applied for the grant from EDA with the coordination and plan of work provided by IEA. IEA is Arkansas’ only university economic devel- opment outreach unit and Economic Development Administration (EDA) university center with a statewide mission. With more than 40 professional staff members trained in data collection and analysis, economic fore- casting, impact analysis, survey research, GIS and other expertise, IEA has longstanding experience in economic and community development project management, research, training, and support. I . I N T R O D U C T I O N Natural disasters are often the final straw forcing local business to close. Businesses still operating can suffer costly damage, disruption to supply lines, loss of sales, and the interruption of operations. When businesses and industries fail or falter the communities they serve can be severely disadvantaged. A boat building business in Clinton, AR (Van Buren County) is devastated from a tornado in 2008.
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E D A D I S A S T E R R E S P O N S E A N D P R E PA R E D N E S S P L A N ( D R P P ) 3 Chronology of Events That Occurred In Arkansas From February-November Of 2008. FEMA-1744-DR 02/20/2008 Severe Storms, Flooding and Tornadoes FEMA- 1751-DR 05/22/2008 Severe Storms, Flooding and Tornadoes FEMA- 1758-DR 06/24/2008 Severe Storms, Flooding and Tornadoes FEMA-1793-DR 09/18/2008 Severe Storms and Flooding associated with Hurricane Gustav FEMA-1804-DR 11/28/2008 Severe Storms, High Winds and major flooding associated with Hurricane Ike. See Appendix A for the specific FEMA-DR maps and description of damages sustained. The grant award originally focused on three natural disasters that occurred from February-June of 2008 but was later expanded to include two additional disasters that took place in September and November 2008. IEA’s Geographic Information System (GIS) team cre- ated maps (figures 1-3) to demonstrate the extent of the natural disasters that afflicted Arkansas in 2008. Figure 2 shows that 72 of the state’s 75 counties were affected one or more times over the course of the year. Van Buren County experienced damage from all five natural disas- ters in 2008, Conway County sustained damage from four disasters and five counties suffered damage from three. Sixty-five of the remaining seventy-two coun- ties were hit with at least once during 2008. Only three Arkansas counties escaped FEMA disaster declarations in 2008. Figure 3 shows the extent of damage in Arkansas’s economically distressed Mississippi River Delta region. Comprising 42 counties under the jurisdiction of the Delta Regional Authority, the area is plagued by persis- tent poverty and longstanding socioeconomic problems. Although IEA planned to supplement its assessment by completing an economic impact analysis of the disas- ters on the affected counties, sufficient data for Arkansas was unavailable. I I . A S S E S S M E N T O F N E E D S The Buffalo National River soared to 23 feet at the Ponca low water bridge on Tuesday, March 18, 2008.
E D A D I S A S T E R R E S P O N S E A N D P R E PA R E D N E S S P L A N ( D R P P ) 4 Washington Clark Fulton Boone Union Ashley Carroll Sharp Drew Calhoun Bradley Little River Nevada Ouachita Cleveland Desha Hempstead LincolnDallas Cross Jackson Sebastian Craighead Mississippi Independence Searcy Pike Sevier Howard Jefferson Grant Hot Spring Arkansas Phillips Polk Montgomery Garland Saline Lee Monroe Pulaski Lonoke Prairie Scott Perry St. Francis Yell Faulkner Logan Crittenden Woodruff Newton Stone Conway White Poinsett CleburnePope Crawford Johnson Columbia Lafayette Clay Marion Baxter Randolph Miller Franklin Van Buren Benton Madison Greene Lawrence Izard Chicot Legend Gale - F0 Weak - F1 Strong - F2 Severe - F3 Devastating - F4 Incredible - F5 February 5th April 3rd April 10th May 2nd May 10th F I G U R E 1 Wind Strength and Tornado Paths in Arkansas During 2008 Map created by: University of Arkansas at Little Rock GIS Applications Laboratory, Institute for Economic Advancement http://argis.ualr.edu (501) 569-8530 Data Source: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's National Weather Service http://www.srh.noaa.gov/ lzk/html/gisdata.htm Legend Sep 18, 2008 - Ar Severe Storms & Flooding Associated with Hurricane Ike Sep 18, 2008 - Ar Severe Storms & Flooding Associated with Hurricane Gustav Feb 20, 2008 - Ar Severe Storms, Tornadoes & Flooding May 22, 2008 - Ar Severe Storms, Tornadoes & Flooding June 24, 2008 - Ar Severe Storms, Tornadoes & Flooding Washington Clark FultonBoone Union Ashley Carroll Sharp Drew Calhoun Bradley Little River Nevada Ouachita Cleveland Desha Hempstead Lincoln Dallas Cross Jackson Sebastian Craighead Mississippi Independence Searcy Pike Sevier Howard JeffersonGrant Hot Spring Arkansas Phillips Polk Montgomery Garland Saline Lee MonroePulaski Lonoke Prairie Scott Perry St. Francis Yell Faulkner Logan Crittenden Woodruff Newton Stone Conway White Poinsett Cleburne Pope Crawford Johnson Columbia Lafayette Clay Marion Baxter Randolph Miller Franklin Van Buren Benton Madison Greene Lawrence Izard Chicot W E S T E R N S O U T H W E S T W E S T C E N T R A L N O R T H W E S T C E N T R A L S O U T H E A S T E A S T W H I T E R I V E R F I G U R E 2 Disaster Declarations in Arkansas by County 2008 Map created by: University of Arkansas at Little Rock GIS Applications Laboratory, Institute for Economic Advancement http://argis.ualr.edu (501) 569-8530 Data Source: ITS Mapping and Analysis Center, Disaster Federal Registry Notice http://www.srh.noaa.gov/ lzk/html/gisdata.htm
E D A D I S A S T E R R E S P O N S E A N D P R E PA R E D N E S S P L A N ( D R P P ) 5 Legend Sep 18, 2008 - Ar Severe Storms & Flooding Associated with Hurricane Ike Sep 18, 2008 - Ar Severe Storms & Flooding Associated with Hurricane Gustav Feb 20, 2008 - Ar Severe Storms, Tornadoes & Flooding May 22, 2008 - Ar Severe Storms, Tornadoes & Flooding June 24, 2008 - Ar Severe Storms, Tornadoes & Flooding Delta Regional Authority Counties Washington Clark FultonBoone Union Ashley Carroll Sharp Drew Calhoun Bradley Little River Nevada Ouachita Cleveland Desha Hempstead Lincoln Dallas Cross Jackson Sebastian Craighead Mississippi Independence Searcy Pike Sevier Howard JeffersonGrant Hot Spring Arkansas Phillips Polk Montgomery Garland Saline Lee MonroePulaski Lonoke Prairie Scott Perry St. Francis Yell Faulkner Logan Crittenden Woodruff Newton Stone Conway White Poinsett Cleburne Pope Crawford Johnson Columbia Lafayette Clay Marion Baxter Randolph Miller Franklin Van Buren Benton Madison Greene Lawrence Izard Chicot W E S T E R N S O U T H W E S T W E S T C E N T R A L N O R T H W E S T C E N T R A L S O U T H E A S T E A S T W H I T E R I V E R F I G U R E 3 Disaster Declarations in Arkansas Delta Region (shaded area) Map created by: University of Arkansas at Little Rock GIS Applications Laboratory, Institute for Economic Advancement http://argis.ualr.edu (501) 569-8530 Data Source: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's National Weather Service http://www.srh.noaa.gov/ lzk/html/gisdata.htm
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E D A D I S A S T E R R E S P O N S E A N D P R E PA R E D N E S S P L A N ( D R P P ) 7 IEA designed and facilitated eight Recovery and Readiness Understanding Sessions for local leaders in each of the PDD and EDD regions beginning on April 1, 2009 and concluding May 28, 2009. These sessions were designed to help participants, local officials, economic developers, and public and private sector leaders, understand the critical role economic development can play in helping communities recover from disasters and prepare for new ones. Since participants were also concerned with events from 2009 they were allowed to include these, along with their experiences from 2008, in the Understanding Sessions. Participants in the Un- derstanding Sessions covering 2008-2009 were asked to share their experiences coping with a natural disaster. Their responses (see below) were organized by category and ranked based on the number of respondents identi- fying the particular need or concern. Destroyed Car Dealership in Mountain View, Arkansas. I I I . R E C O V E R Y A N D R E A D I N E S S U N D E R S TA N D I N G S E S S I O N S W I T H L O C A L L E A D E R S Our first round of Understanding Sessions confirmed the findings of Dr. Gary Webb and his colleagues published in “Predicting Long-Term Business Recover from Disaster: A Comparison of The Loma Prieta Earthquake And Hurricane Andrew.” The authors found that almost all previous disaster planning and recovery efforts focused on the public sector and private homes if the disaster proclamation included dwellings. Except for their access to Small Business Administration (SBA) loans, the needs of businesses and industries were often overlooked. This is compounded by the fact that relatively little research has been done on the impact of natural calamities on local businesses and industries.
E D A D I S A S T E R R E S P O N S E A N D P R E PA R E D N E S S P L A N ( D R P P ) 8 P R E PA R AT I O N S P R I O R T O T H E O N S E T O F A D I S A S T E R Plans for Emergency Housing Contact Office of Emergency Management (OEM), school principals, superintendents and county judges Food/Water Weather Radios - money to get them Activate Disaster Control Center Notification of Plan Department Head/NIMS Training- Collective Teamwork Training Activate City Emergency Coordinator Run Check on Equipment (field vehicles, check pumps, radio’s, etc.) - have generators at designated places, shelters Alert Emergency City Personnel to Stand By Notify Public - Police Cars with Loud Speakers; signed up for Code Red to get a phone call alert Educate Cities and Counties re: Agencies including nonprofits organizations available to assist immediately following disaster; find out who has equipment to help in disaster - on inventory (e.g., farmers) Need contact information for; Volunteers Southern Baptist Association Red Cross Salvation Army Game and Fish Sandbags for Flooding Bring the low-income/disadvantaged to the table so they are not left out GENERATORS saved city hall Have available Pumps for Drainage Problems Construct Tornado Safe Structures in High Risk Communities F I R S T H O U R S F O L L O W I N G O N S E T O F A D I S A S T E R Generators Operational Assess Damage Account for Citizens Began Debris Removal Establish Communication Establish a Command Post Contacted Sheriff, Judge, ADEM, OEM, Road Crews, EMS, Red Cross, etc. Power to Water and Sewage Plants
E D A D I S A S T E R R E S P O N S E A N D P R E PA R E D N E S S P L A N ( D R P P ) 9 F I R S T D AY F O L L O W I N G O N S E T O F A D I S A S T E R Communication - radio, cell phone, land lines, word of mouth, AWIN radios Assessed Damages Contacted Emergency Responders, ADEM, Red Cross, etc. Closed Areas, Evacuated Folks Generators- located, rented, purchased Established Staging Areas Debris Removal Road Repairs Monitored Water levels Volunteers - identified Recognized gaps/weaknesses in disaster plan Food/Water Distribution Establish Local Contact point(s) GIS Mapping of Damaged Areas Lack of Communication NIMS Training for Volunteers and Others Checklist for Supplies - purchase goods from Depot in NLR Federal Surplus Activate Emergency Plans and Put Them in Place Desperately Need a Good Levee and a Big Pump for Water Overflow Keep Event Logs for Tracking Purposes F I R S T W E E K F O L L O W I N G O N S E T O F A D I S A S T E R Assessing Damages - ongoing Dealing with FEMA Paperwork and Regulations Ongoing Road/Street Repairs Debris Removal Accounting for Citizens - elderly and other Providing for Medical Needs Notified State and Federal Agencies Helped Citizens with Cleanup - used locals when possible to help economy recover Generators Brought In Food/Water Distribution Established Disaster Plan - a living document Monitored Water Levels During Floods Established a Disaster Recovery Center, DRC, Where Citizens Could Receive Help Volunteers from Private and Public Sector Turned Out OEM/County Judge’s Office Fielding Citizen Complaints Opened Shelters Set Up Staging Area Disaster Declarations Made Financial Institutions Helped During The Disasters/Opened Doors Relaxed Policies Mayors and Judges Operating Command Centers
E D A D I S A S T E R R E S P O N S E A N D P R E PA R E D N E S S P L A N ( D R P P ) 10 F I R S T M O N T H F O L L O W I N G O N S E T O F A D I S A S T E R Road Repair and Construction Ongoing FEMA Finally Arrived… and Stayed Community Cleanup and Debris Removal Ongoing Constant Communication with All State and Federal Agencies Damage Assessments Ongoing Power Companies Replacing Power Lines/Poles FEMA Either Great or Painful Experiences Food/Water Staging Areas Road Closures Due to Flooding… Round Three Account for Citizens Need for DRC Site/Opened for One Month Shelters Daily Meetings with the Corps Of Engineers Hire Engineers Not Consultants-FEMA Doesn’t Take Kindly to Private Consultants Make Certain All Permits Are in Order/ADEG Especially Avoid FEMA Vultures/Price Gougers Continue to Check on Businesses Generators to Power Fuel Pumps Cash Flow Problems Due to the Slow Reimbursement from FEMA… Causing Folks to Have to Pay for Loans to Bridge the Gap Volunteers S E C O N D M O N T H F O L L O W I N G O N S E T O F A D I S A S T E R FEMA, FEMA, FEMA- “The Good, the Bad and the Ugly” Still Waiting for FEMA Reimbursements from 2007 Floods FEMA Still Difficult to Work with and Very Slow to Reimburse Poor Communication with in FEMA- “The Right Hand Doesn’t Know What the Left Hand is Doing” Sent in All Data About the Damages Into FEMA… Again… Continued Making the Repairs Ongoing Cleanup/Finishing “Hot Wash” Meetings - to Revisit What Worked, Didn’t Work and What to Do Next Time Updating Disaster Plans What Worked What Didn’t Work Held Public Meetings to Give Status Updates Reassessed Damages Reassessed Our Response to the Disaster Aftermath Generators - Everyone Should Have Them in Place and Operational Workforce Benefits - Keep Labor Force Ready for New Jobs Develop a Comprehensive Economic Strategy Develop a Standard Of Operations, S.O.P., (Useable Document)
E D A D I S A S T E R R E S P O N S E A N D P R E PA R E D N E S S P L A N ( D R P P ) 11 L E S S O N S L E A R N E D Communication is Vital All the Way from the Mayor to the Police Chief Drills, Preparedness Practice for the Next Time Need More Money for Training A Good Telephone Directory or Contact List EOC Center with Workable Space and Equipment Good Levees and Pumps Prepare an Emergency Plan - a Living Document with All the Contact Information Create a Phone Tree System NIMS Training for Command Center Staff Develop a Volunteer Corps Generators Local Governmental Funds for Disaster Response and Recovery Multipurpose Building to Use as Command Center, Shelter, Space for FEMA, Communications, and a Source of Backup Equipment Weather Radios can be Purchased for Shipping Cost of $5.95 by Calling 1-800-639-7629 Mitigation Monies may be Available for Your City or County by Calling Terry Gray at (501) 683-6700 or email at terry.gray@adem.arkansas.gov Get Rid of the FEMA Vultures Scan-able IDs for Responders, Bar Codes for People, Equipment and Reports Translators to Deal with Undocumented Workers Needs One EOC at the State Level, One Set of Rules and One Decision Maker Thorough GIS Mapping with One Consistent Standardized Set of Coordinates T H I N G S W E W O U L D R E P E AT Contact The County Judge as Quickly As Possible Call Upon Local Contractors Set Up Command Center Get First Responders Out as Quickly as Possible Appoint One Key Spokesperson to Speak to Media - Have a Clear Message Call in the National Guard Portable Toilets Available Emergency Shelter Food and Supplies Attend NIMS Training Establish an Authorized Shelter in Your Community Create Neighborhood Teams Create a One Page Sheet Front and Back with a Message of Need Prepare to be Self Sufficient for 72 Hours Keep Good Records and Documentation of Everything Identify One Chief Get it in Writing Straight from FEMA… Do Not Trust Word of Mouth Establish a Regional Approach to Deal with Disasters - Community Resources
E D A D I S A S T E R R E S P O N S E A N D P R E PA R E D N E S S P L A N ( D R P P ) 12 S U R P R I S E S Entergy-Good/Bad Volunteers Enormity of Damages Number Without Power and Duration FEMA-Good/Bad Lack of Preparedness F R U S T R AT I O N S FEMA Entergy/Power Companies OEM Officers Entitlement Issues - Citizens Pets and Their Owners Rumors Federal Government/HUD OSHA Our Lack of Preparedness E I G H T B U S I N E S S & I N D U S T R Y T H E M E S V O I C E D B Y PA R T I C I PA N T S Need for FEMA Reimbursements to Businesses for Debris Removal and/ or their Uninsured Losses Generators to Get Businesses/Industry Up and Running… Accessibility for Fuel Work with Local Businesses/Industry for Repair Purchase and/or Supplies… Keep it Local to Help Stabilize the Economy Business/Industry is a Great Resource for Volunteers, Equipment, Manpower, Goods and Services, etc Business Incentives for Preparedness Plans and Updates Quick Access to Decision Makers for Power, Water, etc. Reimbursement for Lost Wages When Disaster Causes Business to be Closed Monitored Water Levels… Pumped Out Water to Protect Industry/Businesses (Pilgrim’s Pride, Con Agra)
E D A D I S A S T E R R E S P O N S E A N D P R E PA R E D N E S S P L A N ( D R P P ) 13 The report urges that the Federal government re- spond as soon as possible to the onset of an event such as approaching tornado or severe storm and identifies two phases to that response, emergency and relief. Critical to an effective response, the report maintains, is the development of a strategic, unified approach to disaster response and preparedness based on a compre- hensive assessment of the disaster damage inventory. This allows existing human and physical infrastructure to be more efficiently utilized in the recovery of local economies and improves the long-term probability of greater employment retention and increased personal income in affected regions. In addition, an increased understanding of the economic development process as it relates to disaster preparedness and responses to structural shifts in local economies will decrease the likelihood that communities and their labor forces will miss out on future development opportunities. To solicit actions and strategies to improve Disaster Recovery and Readiness participants in IEA sponsored strategy sessions were asked their affiliation (i.e. elected official, government staff, Chamber of Commerce, eco- nomic developer, etc…), the number of area businesses/ Damaged local hospital in Mountain View, Arkansas. I V. R E CO V E R Y A N D R E A D I N E S S R E G I O N A L S T R AT E G I E S W I T H P U B L I C A N D P R I VAT E S E C TO R L E A D E R S With the assistance of IEA, participants developed an extensive set of recommended actions and strategies at the local, regional, state and federal level to help businesses and industries cope more effectively with natural disasters. Recommendations for the federal level largely focused on the operation of the Federal Emergency Management Administration (FEMA) disaster recovery program and recovery funding and the US Department of Agriculture or Housing and Urban Development (HUD) and were consistent with recommendations included in An Improved Federal Response to Post-Disaster Economic Recovery: Final Report, issued by the International Economic Development Council (IEDC) and the National Association of Development Organizations (NADO).
E D A D I S A S T E R R E S P O N S E A N D P R E PA R E D N E S S P L A N ( D R P P ) 14 industries closed due to 2008 natural disasters, and to identify ways: local/regional governments can help businesses prepare for natural disasters local/regional governments can help businesses recover from natural disasters business and industry can help communities cope with natural disasters state governments can help businesses prepare for natural disasters state governments can help businesses recover from natural disasters local/regional governments can help businesses prepare for natural disasters business/industry can be linked with governmental emergency planning to raise the awareness of local officials and educate them on the links between business/industry and recovery to address the need for research on the links between business/ industry and disaster recovery Participant responses to these questions formed the basis for the strategies and actions compiled in the following findings.
E D A D I S A S T E R R E S P O N S E A N D P R E PA R E D N E S S P L A N ( D R P P ) 15 Strategies and Actions for the Local and Regional Levels: How to Help Businesses and Industries Prepare for Disasters 1. “Market” disaster preparedness to businesses and industries thru the appropriate local means. Have displays and information available at various community events (especially those sponsored by the fire departments), like fairs, fish fries, community fund-raisers, garden shows, business expos, job fairs, etc. Use local entities and their communication devices to inform B&I and point them toward resources that will help them prepare. (Local Chambers of Commerce/Economic Development, inserts in utilities’ billing invoices; flyers distributed through local banks, etc.) Use Post Secondary and Higher Education (both 4-year and 2-year institutions) as partners in readiness and for technical assistance, training and training and meeting venues. Reach out via the local community “broadcast” media. Use local access programming on the cable network and radio and/or television public service announcements. Conduct a regional “conference” (or a series of regional sessions) that draws together the diverse elements of the business community and has them interact with one another about this issue. Community specific conferences on disaster readiness could follow. Time the local “marketing” to when businesses and industries might be susceptible to the message, e.g., disaster preparedness week in AR or the aftermath of a well publicized natural disaster. F I N D I N G S F R O M T H E E D A - F U N D E D E X A M I N A T I O N O F B U S I N E S S A N D I N D U S T R Y R E A D I N E S S F O R A N D R E C O V E R Y F R O M N A T U R A L D I S A S T E R S
E D A D I S A S T E R R E S P O N S E A N D P R E PA R E D N E S S P L A N ( D R P P ) 16 2. Provide information and support regarding how B&I can prepare and plan. Place links on local websites to direct businesses and industries to reliable sources of information on disaster preparedness. The PDDs, with the assistance of the ASBTDC, could revise and use the “ACT NOW” seminars and materials (PDFs, booklet, and CD), which focused on earthquakes, as the basis for general disaster preparedness training. Transform the “how families should prepare for disasters”?? materials into a how-to for small business. Put together checklists of steps that should be taken. Make use of the Red Cross and other non-profit organizations and local post- secondary educational institutions for assistance in different aspects of disaster preparedness, including training, creating teams, and developing information kits. 3. Engage B&I in the ongoing local disaster planning and preparedness The local Emergency Management Official should invite business and industry to become a part of the emergency planning process and to join the Local Emergency Planning Committee (LEPC). (This could be part of a wider effort to bring more of the community to the table.) Include businesses and industries in emergency exercises/drills. Make it a practice to involve them in planning and drills for natural disasters and industrial accidents, etc. Designate some businesses and industries as emergency services centers, so they have a role in recovery. Insure that employees at these sites are trained to know their roles and functions. 4. Address the ancillary needs of B&I and other employers in the event of a disaster (e.g., transportation and dependent care). Help develop a worker transportation plan to coordinate a shared ride system and meet other needs. ?? Work with school districts, senior centers, and churches on the use of their buses. (Liability issues will need to be addressed.) Help develop a plan that helps childcare/ daycare centers open soon after disasters so that employees are able to resume their jobs when their employers reopen. 5. Help B&I to be viable so that they can survive a disaster and reopen afterward. Institute or support programs (probably by partnering with Arkansas Small Business and Technology Development Center, ASBTDC) that foster local business and industry viability through access to training and technical assistance, encouraging use of best practices, etc. 6. Require local B&I to designate a disaster manager or point of contact. As part of their business license, require that businesses designate a manager as their disaster preparedness point person and offer that person training 7. Formulate local building codes that relate to natural disaster conditions. Develop and enforce building codes that relate to natural disasters. Raise awareness of ways to strengthen buildings while they’re under construction. Educate people about the existing state law.
E D A D I S A S T E R R E S P O N S E A N D P R E PA R E D N E S S P L A N ( D R P P ) 17 Strategies and Actions for the Local and Regional Levels: How to Help Businesses and Industries Recover from Disasters 8. Include a “keep the money local” strategy in the local disaster plan. Plan to “keep the money in the local (or regional or state) economy.” Plan to use local businesses to the greatest extent possible during the recovery. Stipulate in solicitations for proposals that outside firms are strongly encouraged to include subcontracting with local firms. Require outside businesses to register with the city/county and obtain licenses and pay registration or franchise fees. Plan to deploy generator(s) to designated local businesses so they can supply essential recovery services (e.g., fuel). 9. Use a revolving loan fund to assist local B&I in recovery. Use a Revolving Loan Fund (RLF) to provide assistance for recovery from disasters. PDDs or a local entity may already have an RLF that could be modified or a separate RLF that could focus solely on disaster recovery. Allow a period of time before repayment has to begin, (e.g., six months from onset of disaster). 10. Local governments should use their authority as broadly as possible during the recovery. Cities and counties should be given the flexibility and authority to clean up their communities and get them functioning again. Waive or suspend, on an emergency basis, competitive bidding requirements and other rules so addressing public safety issues and cleaning up debris proceeds as an essential “public” function. (State and Federal rules and regulations will need to be loosened to support this broadening of local authority.) 11. Help connect B&I to information and assistance during the recovery. The PDDs, with ASBTDC assistance, could cooperate with local governments during the post-disaster period to provide “how to” recover sessions and hands-on assistance. Support the efforts of the Red Cross and other non-profit organizations and local post-secondary educational institutions to help businesses and industries. 12. Deploy a business recovery center and facilitate access to the Internet for B&I recovery. Set up and operate “business recovery centers” at which local businesses can conduct some of their operations. This could be mobile offices or strategically located rooms available for use, e.g., classrooms in a local college. Ensure these sites have back-up power and connectivity. The Internet has become a critically important infrastructure for B&I. Ensure continuity of connectivity, to allow for the business and industry operations. Plan to establish local portable wireless Hot Spots. Use local colleges and libraries in this effort. 13. Foster business-to-business partnerships. Foster mutually beneficial business and industry partnerships between larger and smaller businesses.
E D A D I S A S T E R R E S P O N S E A N D P R E PA R E D N E S S P L A N ( D R P P ) 18 Strategies and Action for the State-Level: How to Help Businesses and Industries Prepare for Disasters 14. Supplement the state disaster plan by including a business and industry section. Add a business and industry/economic development section to the state emergency response plan. This would insure that local emergency response plans include a similar section since they are modeled on the state plan. 15. Require all local governments with disaster plans to create a local emergency planning committee (LEPC) and solicit wide participation. Local Emergency Planning Committees should include business and other elements of the community. 16. Establish incentives to encourage B&I to prepare for disasters. The State should establish tax credits/ incentives for business that plan for disasters, maintain insurance coverage, and construct or retrofit buildings to meet hurricane/high wind standards. Provide incentives for businesses that produce materials used in building and upgrading structures to be “disaster- ready,” to locate in AR (e.g., businesses producing insulated concrete forms (ICF)). 17. Help inform the business community about disaster planning. ADEM could sponsor “how to” training for business and industry using a train- the-trainer program with ADEM ensuring the competency of front-line trainers. ADEM could adopt a regional delivery system for its programs. ASBTDC could continue to develop and update “how to prepare” materials and programs. 18. Promote B&I disaster preparedness to statewide organizations. State government should make contact with organizations such as State Chambers, AED, ACDS, etc. to assist with promoting disaster preparedness to business and industry. State government should work with the Arkansas Broadcasters Association to develop public service announcements that will raise awareness of the need for disaster preparedness. Strategies and Actions for the State-Level: How to Help Businesses and Industries to Recover from Disasters 19. Establish a “quick-response fund” to accelerate community clean up and recovery. Establish a state “quick-response fund” to help get things up and running as soon as possible— business cannot function in the community if basic services (e.g. utilities) are down. 20. Provide expert assistance to smaller businesses in their negotiations with their insurers. Provide consultants/advocates to small and medium businesses to assist in negotiation with their insurance carriers—they could estimate the value of losses or down-time and negotiate for full payment by the insurance companies. 21. Establish a loan program to assist B&I in recovery from disasters. Provide a Bridge loans program which makes money available to businesses in the interval until their insurance payments arrive. Provide a Forgivable loan program which offers loans to fund recovery with a yearly credit or forgiveness of some portion of the loan if performance requirements are achieved. Provide state loans to businesses and industries that are unable to qualify for SBA loans and build in a grace period before payment begins.
E D A D I S A S T E R R E S P O N S E A N D P R E PA R E D N E S S P L A N ( D R P P ) 19 22. Use mobile offices and command centers to assist B&I. Employ Department of Workforce Services (DWS) mobile units in the recovery environment to serve employers and employees. DWS has these mobile units and plans to use them around the state to serve employees. ADEM’s mobile command center, now available to local governments, could be made accessible to businesses and industries that have developed a plan and designated a disaster coordinator. 23. Inform B&I about how to go about recovering and the available assistance. ADEM could sponsor “how to” training for recovery of business and industry. This could take the shape of a train-the-trainer program, where ADEM would ensure that the front-line trainers are competent. ASBTDC could continue to develop and update materials and programs for small business post-disaster recovery. 24. Better inform local officials about CDBG Long- Term Economic Development Recovery Funds. Better “market” these funds and clearly demonstrate to counties, through specific examples, how these funds should be used. 25. Assist specialty businesses (e.g., tourism and farmers) to deal with the unique challenges they face. Establish a program that addresses needs of specialized businesses i.e., agriculture, forestry, and tourism/recreation. Insure that the program serves primary producers (e.g., chicken farmers) not the processing industries. 26. Help local governments deal with other issues that affect B&I during recovery. Assist local governments and regional efforts to address labor-related issues such as childcare availability and transportation during disaster recovery. 27. Cultivate a positive attitude among state offices and personnel. Promote a “can do” rather than a “you can’t have my money” attitude among state officials involved with disaster recovery. Strategies And Actions For The Federal-Level: How To Help B&I Cope With Disasters 28. Rectify the problems with FEMA recovery and hazard mitigation funding and with programmatic operations. Address problems with FEMA disaster recovery funding and with hazard mitigation funding. Make access to federal funds less cumbersome, reduce red tape, widen eligibility for financial assistance, speed up processing, and clean up the grey areas. Identify clear lines of authority and designated contacts. Provide ombudsmen to oversee the funding process. 29. Use disaster specific eligibility requirements for long-term economic disaster recovery funds from USDA, EDA, and HUD. USDA, EDA, and HUD (CDBG) should set aside normal eligibility requirements and modify funding procedures to incorporate eligibility criteria that focus on disasters. 30. Support the efforts to inform and train B&I regarding disaster readiness and recovery. Secure federal involvement in training for businesses and industries, e.g., funding train-the-trainer sessions or covering the cost for people to attend training. Conduct or support training sessions on how to access recovery funds and assistance. 31. Support the efforts to market disas- ter readiness and recovery to B&I. Secure federal support for informa- tion/awareness advertising. Could this be a function for the AD Council?
E D A D I S A S T E R R E S P O N S E A N D P R E PA R E D N E S S P L A N ( D R P P ) 20 32.. Develop a program that sup- ports the wide range of B&I. Develop a business support program that acknowledges and services the wide range of existing businesses, including clusters of businesses and small and larger busi- nesses and differentiates between ag- riculture and other industries. It should prioritize assistance in order of critical need, (e.g., medical supply, food, etc...) Strategies and Actions: How B&I Could Help Their Communities Recover from Disasters A. B&I can serve as resources during recovery. Provide skilled volunteers—formed into teams/groups to use their skills (e.g., ability to operate pieces of equipment or familiar- ity with logistics) or train them for specific recovery jobs to perform in times of disaster. Provide equipment to be rented or leased for use in recovery efforts. Prepare lists ahead of time of what businesses have what equipment. Provide supplies, especially during “the gap” period. For example, use the food in the freez- ers that would go bad to feed outside emer- gency responders or those in the shelters. Serve as a center or site to provide services to the community and/or to meet the needs of outside emergency responders who come into the community. (They could provide space for utility crews-places to sleep and mobilize their employees to provide tooth- paste, blankets, and laundry services.) Encourage businesses and industries to incor- porate recovery-related facilities when they plan expansions to their buildings and new construction, (e.g., showers, space for shelter/ housing, sources of light when power is down.) B. Establish continuity of operations plans and plan to operate key functions without power. Locally owned businesses should to develop continuity of operations plans (FEMA will assist with training on continuity of opera- tions training that they will conduct for free for 20 or more participants) that include how to temporarily function without power in order to meet critical needs in the com- munity during the first 48 to 72 hours. C. Partner with other B&I to help one another. Have businesses within the community partner so if one part of the county or city is affected a business that is “down” could continue to operate from the site of the unaffected busi- ness partner. Take into account the need of some businesses for specialized equip- ment as these partnerships are formed. D. Participate in the local LEPC and/or CERT Program. Businesses and industries can participate in the Community Emergency Response Team (CERT) program. Include a busi- ness challenge?? to get them to partici- pate as part of the community team. E. Ensure that disaster planners know about hazardous materials on site. All businesses should provide a list of hazardous materials on their sites to be filed with local emergency officials.
E D A D I S A S T E R R E S P O N S E A N D P R E PA R E D N E S S P L A N ( D R P P ) 21 Dr. Gary Webb, Professor of Sociology at Oklahoma State University and an author of “Predicting long-Term Recovery From Disaster: A Comparison Of The Loma Prieta Earthquake And Hurricane Andrew,” explained his findings that business and industry, excluded from the federal grant assistance process, are left to rely on friends and family, private insurance, private banking loans or SBA and ASBTDC loans. Too often after a disas- ter strikes significant numbers of local businesses close their doors and deprive their communities of jobs and tax revenues. Dr. Webb’s assertions were confirmed by the comments of those who participated in the first round of the IEA Understanding Sessions. In addition representatives from the Mississippi Development Authority, Mr. Jon Mabry, Mr. Lee Youngblood, shared their experiences rebuilding after Hurricane Katrina and what steps they are taking to prepare for the next natural disaster. IEA then shared the process and the top findings from the Readiness and Recovery Strategy sessions with the conference participants in a format that can be read- ily replicated for use by conference participants in the event of future disasters. V. R E C O V E R Y A N D R E A D I N E S S S T R AT E G I C P L A N N I N G C O N F E R E N C E For the fourth and final phase of the DRPP grant, IEA planned and hosted a Recovery and Readiness Strategic Planning Conference for Arkansas’s public and private sector in Little Rock on February 18, 2010, Attendees and Invitees included participants from the earlier phases of the project, representatives from the EDA SW Region, for- profit utilities/gas, rural electric/gas, municipal electric/gas companies, the AR State Chamber of Commerce ,AR National Guard, AR State Police, AR Municipal League, the Association of Arkansas Counties, and the AR Governor’s office, congressional delegation and state legislature. A destroyed strip mall in Highland, Arkansas
E D A D I S A S T E R R E S P O N S E A N D P R E PA R E D N E S S P L A N ( D R P P ) 22 T O P S T R AT E G I E S : i . F E D E R A L Strategies and Actions for the Federal-Level: How to Help B&I in Readiness for and Recovery from Disasters 1. Rectify the problems with FEMA recovery and hazard mitigation funding and with programmatic operations. 2. When USDA, EDA, and HUD are used to fund long-term economic recovery from disaster, use criteria for eligibility that relate to the disaster and not to normal eligibility requirements. 3. Support the efforts to inform and train B&I regarding disaster readiness and recovery. 4. Support the efforts to market disaster readiness and recovery to B&I. 5. Develop a program that supports the wide range of B&I. T O P S T R AT E G I E S : i i . S TAT E Strategies and Action for the State-Level: How to Help Businesses and Industries Prepare for Disasters 1. Supplement the state disaster plan by including a business and industry section. 2. Require all local governments with disaster plans to create a local emergency planning committee (LEPC) and solicit wide participation. 3. Establish incentives to encourage B&I to prepare for disasters. 4. Help inform the business community about disaster planning. 5. Promote B&I disaster preparedness to statewide organizations. Strategies and Actions for the State-Level: How to Help B&I to Recover from Disasters 1. Establish a “quick-response fund” to accelerate community clean up and recovery. 2. Provide expert assistance to smaller businesses in their negotiations with their insurers. 3. Establish a loan program to assist B&I in recovery from disasters. 4. Use mobile offices and command centers to assist B&I. 5. Inform B&I about how to go about recovering and the available assistance. 6. Better inform local officials about CDBG Long- Term Economic Development Recovery Funds. 7. Assist specialty businesses (e.g., tourism and farmers) to deal with the unique challenges they face. 8. Help local governments deal with other issues that affect B&I during recovery. 9. Cultivate a “can-do” attitude among state offices and personnel.
E D A D I S A S T E R R E S P O N S E A N D P R E PA R E D N E S S P L A N ( D R P P ) 23 T O P S T R AT E G I E S : i i i . L O C A L / R E G I O N A L Strategies and Actions for the Local and Regional Levels: How to Help Businesses and Industries Prepare for Disasters 1. “Market” disaster preparedness to B&I thru the appropriate local means. 2. Provide information and support regarding how B&I can prepare and plan. 3. Engage B&I in the ongoing local disaster planning and preparedness (in the LEPC). 4. Address the ancillary needs of B&I and other employers in the event of a disaster (e.g., transportation and dependent care). 5. Help B&I to be viable so that they can survive a disaster and reopen afterward. 6. Require local B&I to designate a disaster manager or point of contact. 7. Formulate local building codes that relate to natural disaster conditions. Strategies and Actions for the Local and Regional Levels: How to Help Businesses and Industries Recover from Disasters 1. Include a “keep the money local” strategy in the local disaster plan. 2. Use a revolving loan fund to assist local B&I in recovery. 3. Local governments should use their authority as broadly as possible during the recovery. 4. Help connect B&I to information and assistance during the recovery. 5. Deploy a business recovery center and facilitate access to the Internet for B&I recovery. 6. Foster business-to-business partnerships. Strategies and Actions: How B&I Could Help Their Communities to Recover from Disasters A. B&I can serve as resources during recovery. B. Establish continuity of operations plans and plan to operate key functions without power. C. Partner with other B&I to help one another. D. Participate in the local LEPC and/or CERT Program. E. Ensure that disaster planners know about hazardous materials on site.
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E D A D I S A S T E R R E S P O N S E A N D P R E PA R E D N E S S P L A N ( D R P P ) 25 “Market” disaster preparedness to B&I through the appropriate local means. Provide information and support regarding how B&I can prepare and plan. Engage B&I in the ongoing local disaster planning and preparedness (in the LEPC). Address the ancillary needs of B&I and other employers in the event of a disaster (e.g., transportation and dependent care). Help B&I to be viable so that they can survive a disaster and reopen afterward. Require local B&I to designate a disaster manager or point of contact. Formulate local building codes that relate to natural disaster conditions. Difficulty ImplementingBenefit Average Weighted Totals 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 2.77 1.77 4.54 2.54 2.08 4.62 2.38 2.23 4.61 2.54 2.69 5.23 2.38 2.38 4.76 2.15 2.00 4.15 2.77 2.62 5.39 Using ThinkTank™ software by GroupSystems, Dr. James A. Feldt of IEA concluded the conference by providing partici- pants the opportunity to evaluate the benefit and difficulty of implementing the Readiness and Recovery Regional Strategies. The detailed findings are seen below in figures 4 through 33. 1 . L o c a l & R e g i o n a l F o r B & I P r e p a r a t i o n Rate each action or strategy on Benefit and on Difficulty Implementing 1 . L o c a l & R e g i o n a l f o r B & I P r e p a r a t i o n To t a l s F i g u r e 4 : L o c a l & R e g i o n a l f o r B & I P r e p a r a t i o n To t a l s Criteria: Difficulty Benefit Implementing Voting Method: High Med. Low High Med. Low Weighted Avg. # Ballot Items Weight: 1.00 1.00 Total Total Score 1. “Market” disaster preparedness to B&I 2.77 1.77 4.54 4.54 2.27 through the appropriate local means. 2. Provide information and support regarding 2.54 2.08 4.62 4.62 2.31 how B&I can prepare and plan. 3. Engage B&I in the ongoing local disaster 2.38 2.23 4.61 4.61 2.31 planning and preparedness (in the LEPC). 4. Address the ancillary needs of B&I and 2.54 2.69 5.23 5.23 2.62 other employers in the event of a disaster (e.g., transportation and dependent care). 5. Help B&I to be viable so that they can 2.38 2.38 4.76 4.76 2.38 survive a disaster and reopen afterward. 6. Require local B&I to designate a disaster. 2.15 2.00 4.15 4.15 2.08 manager or point of contact. 7. Formulate local building codes that relate 2.77 2.62 5.39 5.39 2.69 to natural disaster conditions. Voting Details Criteria Statistic: Mean. Votes Cast: 13, Abstained: 0 F i g u r e 5 : L o c a l & R e g i o n a l f o r B & I P r e p a r a t i o n To t a l s
E D A D I S A S T E R R E S P O N S E A N D P R E PA R E D N E S S P L A N ( D R P P ) 26 2 . L o c a l & R e g i o n a l f o r B & I P r e p a r a t i o n C r i t e r i a : B e n e f i t F i g u r e 6 : A v e r a g e V o t e S c o r e f o r C r i t e r i a : B e n e f i t F i g u r e 7 : L o c a l & R e g i o n a l f o r B & I P r e p a r a t i o n C r i t e r i a : B e n e f i t Vote Distribution # Ballot Items L M H Avg. Score Total STD Votes 1. “Market” disaster preparedness to B&I - 3 10 2.77 36.00 0.44 13 through the appropriate local means. 2. Provide information and support regarding 1 4 8 2.54 33.00 0.66 13 how B&I can prepare and plan. 3. Engage B&I in the ongoing local disaster 2 4 7 2.38 31.00 0.77 13 planning and preparedness (in the LEPC). 4. Address the ancillary needs of B&I and 1 4 8 2.54 33.00 0.66 13 other employers in the event of a disaster (e.g., transportation and dependent care). 5. Help B&I to be viable so that they can 3 2 8 2.38 31.00 0.87 13 survive a disaster and reopen afterward. 6. Require local B&I to designate a disaster 3 5 5 2.15 28.00 0.80 13 manager or point of contact. 7. Formulate local building codes that 1 1 11 2.77 36.00 0.60 13 relate to natural disaster conditions. “Market” disaster preparedness to B&I through the appropriate local means. Provide information and support regarding how B&I can prepare and plan. Engage B&I in the ongoing local disaster planning and preparedness (in the LEPC). Address the ancillary needs of B&I and other employers in the event of a disaster (e.g., transportation and dependent care). Help B&I to be viable so that they can survive a disaster and reopen afterward. Require local B&I to designate a disaster manager or point of contact. Formulate local building codes that relate to natural disaster conditions. STDAverage Vote Score 0 1 2 3 Vote Method Low Medium High
E D A D I S A S T E R R E S P O N S E A N D P R E PA R E D N E S S P L A N ( D R P P ) 27 F i g u r e 9 : L o c a l & R e g i o n a l f o r B & I P r e p a r a t i o n C r i t e r i a : D i f f i c u l t y I m p l e m e n t i n g Vote Distribution # Ballot Items L M H Avg. Score Total STD Votes 1. “Market” disaster preparedness to B&I 5 6 2 1.77 23.00 0.73 13 through the appropriate local means. 2. Provide information and support regarding 3 6 4 2.08 27.00 0.76 13 how B&I can prepare and plan. 3. Engage B&I in the ongoing local disaster 2 6 5 2.23 29.00 0.73 13 planning and preparedness (in the LEPC). 4. Address the ancillary needs of B&I and 1 2 10 2.69 35.00 0.63 13 other employers in the event of a disaster (e.g., transportation and dependent care). 5. Help B&I to be viable so that they can 2 4 7 2.38 31.00 0.77 13 survive a disaster and reopen afterward. 6. Require local B&I to designate a 6 1 6 2.00 26.00 1.00 13 disaster manager or point of contact. 7. Formulate local building codes that 1 3 9 2.62 34.00 0.65 13 relate to natural disaster conditions. 3 . L o c a l & R e g i o n a l f o r B & I P r e p a r a t i o n C r i t e r i a : D i f f i c u l t y I m p l e m e n t i n g F i g u r e 8 : A v e r a g e V o t e S c o r e f o r C r i t e r i a : D i f f i c u l t y I m p l e m e n t i n g “Market” disaster preparedness to B&I through the appropriate local means. Provide information and support regarding how B&I can prepare and plan. Engage B&I in the ongoing local disaster planning and preparedness (in the LEPC). Address the ancillary needs of B&I and other employers in the event of a disaster (e.g., transportation and dependent care). Help B&I to be viable so that they can survive a disaster and reopen afterward. Require local B&I to designate a disaster manager or point of contact. Formulate local building codes that relate to natural disaster conditions. STDAverage Vote Score 0 1 2 3 Vote Method Low Medium High
E D A D I S A S T E R R E S P O N S E A N D P R E PA R E D N E S S P L A N ( D R P P ) 28 4 . L o c a l & R e g i o n a l f o r B & I P r e p a r a t i o n B a l l o t I t e m s w i t h C o m m e n t s 1. “Market” disaster preparedness to B&I thru the appropriate local means. 2. Provide information and support regarding how B&I can prepare and plan. 3. Engage B&I in the ongoing local disaster planning and preparedness (in the LEPC). 4. Address the ancillary needs of B&I and other employers in the event of a disaster (e.g., transportation and dependent care). 5. Help B&I to be viable so that they can survive a disaster and reopen afterward. 6. Require local B&I to designate a disaster manager or point of contact. 7. Formulate local building codes that relate to natural disaster conditions.
E D A D I S A S T E R R E S P O N S E A N D P R E PA R E D N E S S P L A N ( D R P P ) 29 2 . L o c a l & R e g i o n a l F o r B & I R e c o v e r y Rate each action or strategy on Benefit and on Difficulty Implementing 1 . L o c a l & R e g i o n a l f o r B & I R e c o v e r y To t a l s F i g u r e 1 0 : L o c a l & R e g i o n a l f o r B & I R e c o v e r y To t a l s Difficulty ImplementingBenefit Average Weighted Totals 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 2.38 2.15 4.23 2.46 4.612.15 4.53 2.69 2.15 4.84 2.85 1.85 4.70 2.38 1.85 2.46 2.46 4.92 Include a “keep the money local” strategy in the local disaster plan. Use a revolving loan fund to assist local B&I in recovery. Local governments should use their authority as broadly as possible during the recovery. Help connect B&I to information and assistance during the recovery. Deploy a business recovery center & facilitate access to the Internet for B&I recovery. Foster business-to-business partnerships. F i g u r e 1 1 : L o c a l & R e g i o n a l f o r B & I R e c o v e r y To t a l s Criteria: Difficulty Benefit Implementing Voting Method: High Med. Low High Med. Low Weighted Avg. # Ballot Items Weight: 1.00 1.00 Total Total Score 1. Include a “keep the money local” 2.38 2.15 4.53 4.53 2.27 strategy in the local disaster plan. 2. Use a revolving loan fund to 2.46 2.46 4.92 4.92 2.46 assist local B&I in recovery. 3. Local governments should use 2.69 2.15 4.84 4.84 2.42 their authority as broadly as possible during the recovery. 4. Help connect B&I to information and 2.85 1.85 4.70 4.70 2.35 assistance during the recovery. 5. Deploy a business recovery center 2.46 2.15 4.61 4.61 2.31 and facilitate access to the Internet for B&I recovery. 6. Foster business-to-business partnerships. 2.38 1.85 4.23 4.23 2.12 Voting Details Criteria Statistic: Mean. Votes Cast: 13, Abstained: 0
E D A D I S A S T E R R E S P O N S E A N D P R E PA R E D N E S S P L A N ( D R P P ) 30 2 . L o c a l & R e g i o n a l f o r B & I R e c o v e r y C r i t e r i a : B e n e f i t F i g u r e 1 2 : L o c a l & R e g i o n a l f o r B & I R e c o v e r y C r i t e r i a : B e n e f i t STDAverage Vote Score 0 1 2 3 Include a “keep the money local” strategy in the local disaster plan. Use a revolving loan fund to assist local B&I in recovery. Local governments should use their authority as broadly as possible during the recovery. Help connect B&I to information and assistance during the recovery. Deploy a business recovery center & facilitate access to the Internet for B&I recovery. Foster business-to-business partnerships. Vote Method Low Medium High F i g u r e 1 3 : L o c a l & R e g i o n a l f o r B & I R e c o v e r y C r i t e r i a : B e n e f i t Vote Distribution # Ballot Items L M H Avg. Score Total STD Votes 1. Include a “keep the money local” 2 4 7 2.38 31.00 0.77 13 strategy in the local disaster plan. 2. Use a revolving loan fund to - 7 6 2.46 32.00 0.52 13 assist local B&I in recovery. - 7 6 2.46 32.00 0.52 13 3. Local governments should use - 4 9 2.69 35.00 0.48 13 their authority as broadly as possible during the recovery. 4. Help connect B&I to information and - 2 11 2.85 37.00 0.38 13 assistance during the recovery. 5. Deploy a business recovery center 1 5 7 2.46 32.00 0.66 13 and facilitate access to the Internet for B&I recovery. 6. Foster business-to-business partnerships. 1 6 6 2.38 31.00 0.65 13
E D A D I S A S T E R R E S P O N S E A N D P R E PA R E D N E S S P L A N ( D R P P ) 31 3 . L o c a l & R e g i o n a l f o r B & I R e c o v e r y C r i t e r i a : D i f f i c u l t y I m p l e m e n t i n g F i g u r e 1 4 : L o c a l & R e g i o n a l f o r B & I R e c o v e r y C r i t e r i a : D i f f i c u l t y I m p l e m e n t i n g STDAverage Vote Score 0 1 2 3 Include a “keep the money local” strategy in the local disaster plan. Use a revolving loan fund to assist local B&I in recovery. Local governments should use their authority as broadly as possible during the recovery. Help connect B&I to information and assistance during the recovery. Deploy a business recovery center & facilitate access to the Internet for B&I recovery. Foster business-to-business partnerships. Vote Method Low Medium High F i g u r e 1 5 : L o c a l & R e g i o n a l f o r B & I R e c o v e r y C r i t e r i a : D i f f i c u l t y I m p l e m e n t i n g Vote Distribution # Ballot Items L M H Avg. Score Total STD Votes 1. Include a “keep the money local” 3 5 5 2.15 28.00 0.80 13 strategy in the local disaster plan. 2. Use a revolving loan fund to - 7 6 2.46 32.00 0.52 13 assist local B&I in recovery. 3. Local governments should use 3 5 5 2.15 28.00 0.80 13 their authority as broadly as broadly as possible during the recovery. 4. Help connect B&I to information and assistance during the recovery. 5. Deploy a business recovery center 1 9 3 2.15 28.00 0.55 13 and facilitate access to the Internet for B&I recovery. 6. Foster business-to-business partnerships. 4 7 2 1.85 24.00 0.69 13
E D A D I S A S T E R R E S P O N S E A N D P R E PA R E D N E S S P L A N ( D R P P ) 32 4 . L o c a l & R e g i o n a l f o r B & I R e c o v e r y B a l l o t I t e m s w i t h C o m m e n t s 1. Include a “keep the money local” strategy in the local disaster plan. 2. Use a revolving loan fund to assist local B&I in recovery. 3. Local governments should use their authority as broadly as possible during the recovery. 4. Help connect B&I to information and assistance during the recovery. 5. Deploy a business recovery center and facilitate access to the Internet for B&I recovery. 6. Foster business-to-business partnerships.
E D A D I S A S T E R R E S P O N S E A N D P R E PA R E D N E S S P L A N ( D R P P ) 33 3 . S t a t e F o r B & I P r e p a r a t i o n Rate each action or strategy on Benefit and on Difficulty Implementing 1 . S t a t e f o r B & I P r e p a r a t i o n To t a l s F i g u r e 1 6 : S t a t e f o r B & I P r e p a r a t i o n To t a l s Difficulty ImplementingBenefit Average Weighted Totals 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 2.62 1.54 2.23 2.23 2.54 1.77 2.69 1.46 2.15 2.46 Promote B&I disaster preparedness to statewide organizations. Establish incentives to encourage B&I to prepare for disasters. Require all local governments with disaster plans to create a local emergency planning committee (LEPC) and solicit wide participation. Supplement the state disaster plan by including a business and industry section. Help inform the business community about disaster planning. 4.15 4.16 4.46 4.31 4.61 F i g u r e 1 7 : S t a t e f o r B & I P r e p a r a t i o n To t a l s Criteria: Difficulty Benefit Implementing Voting Method: High Med. Low High Med. Low Weighted Avg. # Ballot Items Weight: 1.00 1.00 Total Total Score 1. Supplement the state disaster plan by 2.54 1.77 4.31 4.31 2.15 including a business and industry section. 2. Require all local governments with 2.23 2.23 4.46 4.46 2.23 disaster plans to create a local emergency planning committee (LEPC) and solicit wide participation. 3. Establish incentives to encourage 2.15 2.46 4.61 4.61 2.31 B&I to prepare for disasters. 4. Help inform the business community 2.62 1.54 4.16 4.16 2.08 about disaster planning. 5. Promote B&I disaster preparedness 2.69 1.46 4.15 4.15 2.08 to statewide organizations. Voting Details Criteria Statistic: Mean. Votes Cast: 13, Abstained: 0
E D A D I S A S T E R R E S P O N S E A N D P R E PA R E D N E S S P L A N ( D R P P ) 34 2 . S t a t e f o r B & I P r e p a r a t i o n C r i t e r i a : B e n e f i t F i g u r e 1 8 : S t a t e f o r B & I P r e p a r a t i o n C r i t e r i a : B e n e f i t STDAverage Vote Score 0 1 2 3 Promote B&I disaster preparedness to statewide organizations. Establish incentives to encourage B&I to prepare for disasters. Require all local governments with disaster plans to create a local emergency planning committee (LEPC) and solicit wide participation. Supplement the state disaster plan by including a business and industry section. Help inform the business community about disaster planning. Vote Method Low Medium High F i g u r e 1 9 : S t a t e f o r B & I P r e p a r a t i o n C r i t e r i a : B e n e f i t Vote Distribution # Ballot Items L M H Avg. Score Total STD Votes 1. Supplement the state disaster plan by 1 4 8 2.54 33.00 0.66 13 including a business and industry section. 2. Require all local governments with 1 8 4 2.23 29.00 0.60 13 disaster plans to create a local emergency planning committee (LEPC) and solicit wide participation 3. Establish incentives to encourage 3 5 5 2.15 28.00 0.80 13 B&I to prepare for disasters. 4. Help inform the business community - 5 8 2.62 34.00 0.51 13 about disaster planning. 5. Promote B&I disaster preparedness - 4 9 2.69 35.00 0.48 13 to statewide organizations.
E D A D I S A S T E R R E S P O N S E A N D P R E PA R E D N E S S P L A N ( D R P P ) 35 3 . S t a t e f o r B & I P r e p a r a t i o n C r i t e r i a : D i f f i c u l t y I m p l e m e n t i n g F i g u r e 2 0 : S t a t e f o r B & I P r e p a r a t i o n C r i t e r i a : D i f f i c u l t y I m p l e m e n t i n g STDAverage Vote Score 0 1 2 3 Promote B&I disaster preparedness to statewide organizations. Establish incentives to encourage B&I to prepare for disasters. Require all local governments with disaster plans to create a local emergency planning committee (LEPC) and solicit wide participation. Supplement the state disaster plan by including a business and industry section. Help inform the business community about disaster planning. Vote Method Low Medium High F i g u r e 2 1 : S t a t e f o r B & I P r e p a r a t i o n C r i t e r i a : D i f f i c u l t y I m p l e m e n t i n g Vote Distribution # Ballot Items L M H Avg. Score Total STD Votes 1. Supplement the state disaster plan by 5 6 2 1.77 23.00 0.73 13 including a business and industry section. 2. Require all local governments with 3 4 6 2.23 29.00 0.83 13 disaster plans to create a local emergency planning committee (LEPC) and solicit wide participation. 3. Establish incentives to encourage 3 1 9 2.46 32.00 0.88 13 B&I to prepare for disasters. 4. Help inform the business community 7 5 1 1.54 20.00 0.66 13 about disaster planning. 5. Promote B&I disaster preparedness. 8 4 1 1.46 19.00 0.66 13 to statewide organizations.
E D A D I S A S T E R R E S P O N S E A N D P R E PA R E D N E S S P L A N ( D R P P ) 36 4 . S t a t e f o r B & I P r e p a r a t i o n B a l l o t I t e m s w i t h C o m m e n t s 1. Supplement the state disaster plan by including a business and industry section. 2. Require all local governments with disaster plans to create a local emergency planning committee (LEPC) and solicit wide participation. 3. Establish incentives to encourage B&I to prepare for disasters. 4. Help inform the business community about disaster planning. 5. Promote B&I disaster preparedness to statewide organizations.
E D A D I S A S T E R R E S P O N S E A N D P R E PA R E D N E S S P L A N ( D R P P ) 37 4 . S t a t e F o r B & I R e c o v e r y Rate each action or strategy on Benefit and on Difficulty Implementing 1 . S t a t e f o r B & I R e c o v e r y To t a l s F i g u r e 2 2 : S t a t e f o r B & I R e c o v e r y To t a l s Difficulty ImplementingBenefit Average Weighted Totals 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 2.43 2.31 2.57 2.43 2.50 2.43 2.38 2.08 2.71 2.29 Inform B&I about how to go about recovering and the available assistance. Better inform local officials about CDBG Long-Term Economic Development Recovery Funds. Assist specialty businesses (e.g., tourism & farmers) to deal with the unique challenges they face. Help local governments deal with other issues that affect B&I during recovery (i.e., transportation & dependent care). Establish a “quick-response fund” to accelerate community clean up and recovery. Provide expert assistance to smaller businesses in their negotiations with their insurers. Establish a loan program to assist B&I in recovery from disasters. Use mobile offices and command centers to assist B&I. 4.46 2.29 2.00 4.29 4.74 2.57 1.93 4.50 2.71 1.79 4.50 2.57 1.79 4.36 5.00 4.93 5.00 Cultivate a “can-do” attitude among state offices and personnel. F i g u r e 2 3 : S t a t e f o r B & I R e c o v e r y To t a l s Criteria: Difficulty Benefit Implementing Voting Method: High Med. Low High Med. Low Weighted Avg. # Ballot Items Weight: 1.00 1.00 Total Total Score 1. Establish a “quick-response fund” to 2.71 2.29 5.00 5.00 2.50 accelerate community clean up & recovery. 2. Provide expert assistance to smaller businesses 2.50 2.43 4.93 4.93 2.46 in their negotiations with their insurers. 3. Establish a loan program to assist 2.57 2.43 5.00 5.00 2.50 B&I in recovery from disasters. 4. Use mobile offices and command 2.57 1.93 4.50 4.50 2.25 centers to assist B&I. 5. Inform B&I about how to go about 2.57 1.79 4.36 4.36 2.18 recovering and the available assistance. 6. Better inform local officials about 2.71 1.79 4.50 4.50 2.25 CDBG Long-Term Economic Development Recovery Funds. 7. Assist specialty businesses 2.38 2.08 4.46 4.46 2.23 (e.g., tourism and farmers) to deal with the unique challenges they face. 8. Help local governments deal with other 2.29 2.00 4.29 4.29 2.14 issues that affect B&I during recovery (i.e., transportation & dependent care). 9. Cultivate a “can-do” attitude among 2.43 2.31 4.74 4.74 2.37 state offices and personnel. Voting Details Criteria Statistic: Mean. Votes Cast: 14, Abstained: 0
E D A D I S A S T E R R E S P O N S E A N D P R E PA R E D N E S S P L A N ( D R P P ) 38 2 . S t a t e f o r B & I R e c o v e r y C r i t e r i a : B e n e f i t F i g u r e 2 4 : S t a t e f o r B & I R e c o v e r y C r i t e r i a : B e n e f i t STDAverage Vote Score 0 1 2 3 Inform B&I about how to go about recovering and the available assistance. Better inform local officials about CDBG Long-Term Economic Development Recovery Funds. Assist specialty businesses (e.g., tourism & farmers) to deal with the unique challenges they face. Help local governments deal with other issues that affect B&I during recovery (i.e., transportation & dependent care). Establish a “quick-response fund” to accelerate community clean up and recovery. Provide expert assistance to smaller businesses in their negotiations with their insurers. Establish a loan program to assist B&I in recovery from disasters. Use mobile offices and command centers to assist B&I. Cultivate a “can-do” attitude among state offices and personnel. Vote Method Low Medium High F i g u r e 2 5 : S t a t e f o r B & I R e c o v e r y C r i t e r i a : B e n e f i t Vote Distribution # Ballot Items L M H Avg. Score Total STD Votes 1. Establish a “quick-response fund” to 1 2 11 2.71 38.00 0.61 14 accelerate community clean up & recovery. 2. Provide expert assistance to 1 5 8 2.50 35.00 0.65 14 smaller businesses in their negotiations with their insurers. 3. Establish a loan program to assist - 6 8 2.57 36.00 0.51 14 B&I in recovery from disasters. 4. Use mobile offices and - 6 8 2.57 36.00 0.51 14 command centers to assist B&I. 5. Inform B&I about how to go about - 6 8 2.57 36.00 0.51 14 recovering and the available assistance. 6. Better inform local officials - 4 10 2.71 38.00 0.47 14 about CDBG Long-Term Economic Development Recovery Funds. 7. Assist specialty businesses 1 6 6 2.38 31.00 0.65 13 (e.g., tourism and farmers) to deal with the unique challenges they face. 8. Help local governments deal with other 2 6 6 2.29 32.00 0.73 14 issues that affect B&I during recovery (i.e., transportation & dependent care). 9. Cultivate a “can-do” attitude among 2 4 8 2.43 34.00 0.76 14 state offices and personnel.
E D A D I S A S T E R R E S P O N S E A N D P R E PA R E D N E S S P L A N ( D R P P ) 39 3 . S t a t e f o r B & I R e c o v e r y C r i t e r i a : D i f f i c u l t y I m p l e m e n t i n g F i g u r e 2 6 : S t a t e f o r B & I R e c o v e r y C r i t e r i a : D i f f i c u l t y I m p l e m e n t i n g STDAverage Vote Score 0 1 2 3 Inform B&I about how to go about recovering and the available assistance. Better inform local officials about CDBG Long-Term Economic Development Recovery Funds. Assist specialty businesses (e.g., tourism & farmers) to deal with the unique challenges they face. Help local governments deal with other issues that affect B&I during recovery (i.e., transportation & dependent care). Establish a “quick-response fund” to accelerate community clean up and recovery. Provide expert assistance to smaller businesses in their negotiations with their insurers. Establish a loan program to assist B&I in recovery from disasters. Use mobile offices and command centers to assist B&I. Cultivate a “can-do” attitude among state offices and personnel. Vote Method Low Medium High F i g u r e 2 7 : S t a t e f o r B & I R e c o v e r y C r i t e r i a : D i f f i c u l t y I m p l e m e n t i n g Vote Distribution # Ballot Items L M H Avg. Score Total STD Votes 1. Establish a “quick-response fund” to - 10 4 2.29 32.00 0.47 14 accelerate community clean up & recovery. 2. Provide expert assistance to 1 6 7 2.43 34.00 0.65 14 smaller businesses in their negotiations with their insurers. 3. Establish a loan program to assist. 3 2 9 2.43 34.00 0.85 14 B&I in recovery from disasters. 4. Use mobile offices and 5 5 4 1.93 27.00 0.83 14 command centers to assist B&I. 5. Inform B&I about how to go about 5 7 2 1.79 25.00 0.70 14 recovering and the available assistance. 6. Better inform local officials 6 5 3 1.79 25.00 0.80 14 about CDBG Long-Term Economic Development Recovery Funds. 7. Assist specialty businesses 4 4 5 2.08 27.00 0.86 13 (e.g., tourism and farmers) to deal with the unique challenges they face. 8. Help local governments deal with other 1 12 1 2.00 28.00 0.39 14 issues that affect B&I during recovery (i.e., transportation & dependent care). 9. Cultivate a “can-do” attitude among. 4 1 8 2.31 30.00 0.95 13 state offices and personnel.
E D A D I S A S T E R R E S P O N S E A N D P R E PA R E D N E S S P L A N ( D R P P ) 40 4 . S t a t e f o r B & I R e c o v e r y B a l l o t I t e m s w i t h C o m m e n t s 1. Establish a “quick-response fund” to accelerate community clean up and recovery. 2. Provide expert assistance to smaller businesses in their negotiations with their insurers. 3. Establish a loan program to assist B&I in recovery from disasters. 4. Use mobile offices and command centers to assist B&I. 5. Inform B&I about how to go about recovering and the available assistance. 6. Better inform local officials about CDBG Long-Term Economic Development Recovery Funds. 7. Assist specialty businesses (e.g., tourism and farmers) to deal with the unique challenges they face. 8. Help local governments deal with other issues that affect B&I during recovery (i.e., transportation & dependent care). 9. Cultivate a “can-do” attitude among state offices and personnel.
E D A D I S A S T E R R E S P O N S E A N D P R E PA R E D N E S S P L A N ( D R P P ) 41 5 . F e d e r a l F o r B & I P r e p a r a t i o n a n d R e c o v e r y Rate each action or strategy on Benefit and on Difficulty Implementing 1 . F e d e r a l f o r B & I P r e p a r a t i o n a n d R e c o v e r y To t a l s F i g u r e 2 8 : F e d e r a l f o r B & I P r e p a r a t i o n a n d R e c o v e r y To t a l s Difficulty ImplementingBenefit Average Weighted Totals 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 2.54 1.85 2.85 2.54 2.15 2.31 2.31 1.77 2.62 2.77 Develop a program that supports the wide range of B&I. Rectify the problems with FEMA recovery and hazard mitigation funding and with programmatic operations When USDA, EDA, and HUD are used to fund long-term economic recovery from disaster, use criteria for eligibility that relate to the disaster and not to normal eligibility requirements. Support the efforts to inform and train B&I regarding disaster readiness and recovery. Support the efforts to market disaster readiness and recovery to B&I. 4.08 4.39 5.39 4.46 5.39 F i g u r e 2 9 : F e d e r a l f o r B & I P r e p a r a t i o n a n d R e c o v e r y To t a l s Criteria: Difficulty Benefit Implementing Voting Method: High Med. Low High Med. Low Weighted Avg. # Ballot Items Weight: 1.00 1.00 Total Total Score 1. Rectify the problems with FEMA 2.62 2.77 5.39 5.39 2.69 recovery and hazard mitigation funding and with programmatic operations. 2. When USDA, EDA, and HUD are used to 2.85 2.54 5.39 5.39 2.69 fund long-term economic recovery from disaster, use criteria for eligibility that. relate to the disaster and not to normal eligibility requirements. 3. Support the efforts to inform and train B&I 2.31 1.77 4.08 4.08 2.04 regarding disaster readiness and recovery. 4. Support the efforts to market disaster 2.54 1.85 4.39 4.39 2.19 readiness and recovery to B&I. 5. Develop a program that supports 2.15 2.31 4.46 4.46 2.23 the wide range of B&I. Voting Details Criteria Statistic: Mean. Votes Cast: 13, Abstained: 0
E D A D I S A S T E R R E S P O N S E A N D P R E PA R E D N E S S P L A N ( D R P P ) 42 2 . F e d e r a l f o r B & I P r e p a r a t i o n a n d R e c o v e r y C r i t e r i a : B e n e f i t F i g u r e 3 0 : F e d e r a l f o r B & I P r e p a r a t i o n a n d R e c o v e r y C r i t e r i a : B e n e f i t STDAverage Vote Score 0 1 2 3 Develop a program that supports the wide range of B&I. Rectify the problems with FEMA recovery and hazard mitigation funding and with programmatic operations When USDA, EDA, and HUD are used to fund long-term economic recovery from disaster, use criteria for eligibility that relate to the disaster and not to normal eligibility requirements. Support the efforts to inform and train B&I regarding disaster readiness and recovery. Support the efforts to market disaster readiness and recovery to B&I. Vote Method Low Medium High F i g u r e 3 1 : F e d e r a l f o r B & I P r e p a r a t i o n a n d R e c o v e r y C r i t e r i a : B e n e f i t Vote Distribution # Ballot Items L M H Avg. Score Total STD Votes 1. Rectify the problems with FEMA - 5 8 2.62 34.00 0.51 13 recovery and hazard mitigation funding and with programmatic operations. 2. When USDA, EDA, and HUD are used 1 - 12 2.85 37.00 0.55 13 to fund long-term economic recovery from disaster, use criteria for eligibility that relate to the disaster and not to normal eligibility requirements. 3. Support the efforts to inform - 9 4 2.31 30.00 0.48 13 and train B&I regarding disaster readiness and recovery. 4. Support the efforts to market disaster 1 4 8 2.54 33.00 0.66 13 readiness and recovery to B&I. 5. Develop a program that supports 2 7 4 2.15 28.00 0.69 13 the wide range of B&I.
E D A D I S A S T E R R E S P O N S E A N D P R E PA R E D N E S S P L A N ( D R P P ) 43 3 . F e d e r a l f o r B & I P r e p a r a t i o n a n d R e c o v e r y C r i t e r i a : D i f f i c u l t y I m p l e m e n t i n g F i g u r e 3 2 : Fe d e r a l f o r B & I P r e p a r a t i o n a n d R e c o v e r y C r i t e r i a : D i f f i c u l t y I m p l e m e n t i n g STDAverage Vote Score Vote Method Low Medium 0 1 2 3 Develop a program that supports the wide range of B&I. Rectify the problems with FEMA recovery and hazard mitigation funding and with programmatic operations When USDA, EDA, and HUD are used to fund long-term economic recovery from disaster, use criteria for eligibility that relate to the disaster and not to normal eligibility requirements. Support the efforts to inform and train B&I regarding disaster readiness and recovery. Support the efforts to market disaster readiness and recovery to B&I. High F i g u r e 3 3 : Fe d e r a l f o r B & I P r e p a r a t i o n a n d R e c o v e r y C r i t e r i a : D i f f i c u l t y I m p l e m e n t i n g Vote Distribution # Ballot Items L M H Avg. Score Total STD Votes 1. Rectify the problems with FEMA 1 1 11 2.77 36.00 0.60 13 recovery and hazard mitigation funding and with programmatic operations. 2. When USDA, EDA, and HUD are used 2 2 9 2.54 33.00 0.78 13 to fund long-term economic recovery from disaster, use criteria for eligibility that relate to the disaster and not to normal eligibility requirements. 3. Support the efforts to inform 4 8 1 1.77 23.00 0.60 13 and train B&I regarding disaster readiness and recovery. 4. Support the efforts to market disaster 5 5 3 1.85 24.00 0.80 13 readiness and recovery to B&I. 5. Develop a program that supports 2 5 6 2.31 30.00 0.75 13 supports the wide range of B&I.
E D A D I S A S T E R R E S P O N S E A N D P R E PA R E D N E S S P L A N ( D R P P ) 44 4 . F e d e r a l f o r B & I P r e p a r a t i o n a n d R e c o v e r y B a l l o t I t e m s w i t h C o m m e n t s 1. Rectify the problems with FEMA recovery and hazard mitigation funding and with programmatic operations. 2. When USDA, EDA, and HUD are used to fund long-term economic recovery from disaster, use criteria for eligibility that relate to the disaster and not to normal eligibility requirements. 3. Support the efforts to inform and train B&I regarding disaster readiness and recovery. 4. Support the efforts to market disaster readiness and recovery to B&I. 5. Develop a program that supports the wide range of B&I. The Recovery and Readiness Strategic Planning Conference is an innovative and informative tool that will continue to be used to address disaster preparedness and recovery in Arkansas. Regional strategies identified and developed through the strategies sessions will aid in community recovery, enhance future economic development opportunities and identify infrastructure needs that will raise the level of readiness for the region. The conference will also be used to further the development of viable regional economic development plans as called for by EDA’s Comprehensive Economic Development Strategies (CEDS) and the Governor’s Strategic Plan. To complement the conference IEA is developing a comparable program to be taken to each of the 8 PDD/EDD interested regions in AR and presented to their boards of directors, regional city and county officials, local business and industry, chambers of commerce and other relevant partners. It is our desire to continue this project since the potential for natural disasters always exists.
E D A D I S A S T E R R E S P O N S E A N D P R E PA R E D N E S S P L A N ( D R P P ) 45 The primary focus for the third phase of the EDA DRPP grant was: the role of the community in helping B&I in disaster readiness, preparedness, and recovery. the role of B&I in helping their community in disaster readiness and recovery. the roles of the state and federal entities in helping B&I in disaster readiness and recovery. The Planning and Development Districts were an integral part of the process ensuring that the collaborative strategic work sessions allowed for public participation in the development of the economic readiness and recovery strategies. Building on information gleaned from the Understanding Sessions, the collaborative strategic work sessions were used to identify and prioritize ways that communities and governments can help B&I cope with natural disaster and how B&I can play a significant role in disaster preparedness, clean-up and recovery. Through the implementation of phase three a set of best practices and strategies evolved. A “living document,” subject to change and alteration as different organizations join the process, was used to record the strategies. In the last collaborative work session’s participants reviewed and prioritized the best practices and examined them for gaps and redundancies. The focus throughout was on the region’s identified needs for disaster recovery and preparedness planning and how these relate to regional economic recovery. As a result of this EDA initiative, IEA is positioned to assist with other public sector response actions to disasters across Arkansas. Through our growing partnerships, IEA is facilitating sessions of state V I . C O N C L U S I O N IEA facilitated Recovery and Readiness Understanding Sessions for Arkansas’s eight Planning and Development Districts captured immediate, medium-term and long-term public sector responses to disaster readiness and recovery from local, state, and federal government entities. Responses from the wide range of participants at the Understanding Sessions also confirmed that the disaster readiness and recovery needs of Business and Industry (B&I), except for providing applications for SBA loans after a disaster has occurred, are rarely addressed. Destroyed historical site train depot in Carlisle, AR
E D A D I S A S T E R R E S P O N S E A N D P R E PA R E D N E S S P L A N ( D R P P ) 46 agencies’ disaster response efforts. Our partners include Arkansas Economic Development Commission (AEDC), Arkansas Association of Counties (AAC), Arkansas Association of Development Organizations (AADO) Arkansas Department of Environmental Quality (ADEQ), Arkansas Small Business and Technology Development Center (ASBTDC), Arkansas Municipal League (AML), Arkansas Department of Emergency Management (ADEM), Housing and Urban Development (HUD), Small Business Administration (SBA), United States Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) and the University of Arkansas Cooperative Extension Service. This joint programming will strengthen our efforts as IEA works with the PDDs/EDDs to develop effective strategies.
Appendices E D A D I S A S T E R R E S P O N S E A N D P R E PA R E D N E S S P L A N ( D R P P )
E D A D I S A S T E R R E S P O N S E A N D P R E PA R E D N E S S P L A N ( D R P P ) 48 A P P E N D I X A : S e c t i o n i . F E M A - 1 7 4 4 - D R M a p a n d D e c l a r e d D i s a s t e r s D e s c r i p t i o n s FEMA-1744-DR, Arkansas Disaster Declaration as of 02/20/2008 Yell Polk Scott White Union Pope Clark Lee Drew Ashley Pike Desha ClayBenton Saline Arkansas Logan Izard Pulaski Grant Cross Lonoke Newton Dallas Stone Chicot Jefferson Miller Perry Prairie Sharp Searcy Madison Poinsett Phillips Fulton Garland Boone Sevier Carroll BaxterMarion Ouachita Johnson Bradley Mississippi Washington Jackson Nevada Greene Columbia Monroe Faulkner Calhoun Lincoln Howard Franklin Craighead Van Buren Conway Randolph Hempstead Cleburne Crawford Montgomery Woodruff Lawrence St. Francis Crittenden Cleveland Lafayette Sebastian Hot Spring Independence Little River MS MO LA OK TX TN 20 10 20 305 Miles TX KS IL OK MO NE AR AL IN LA MS GA IA OH FL TN KY MI CO NC VA WV Location Map Legend Designated Counties No Designation Public Assistance Individual Assistance and Public Assistance All counties are eligible for Hazard Mitigation ITS Mapping & Analysis Center Washington, DC 02/20/08 -- 06:45 PM EST Source: Disaster Federal Registry Notice Amendment No. 4 - 02/20/2008 MapID d72e8aacc4e
E D A D I S A S T E R R E S P O N S E A N D P R E PA R E D N E S S P L A N ( D R P P ) 49 A P P E N D I X A : S e c t i o n i . F E M A - 1 7 4 4 - D R M a p a n d D e c l a r e d D i s a s t e r s D e s c r i p t i o n s Arkansas Severe Storms, Tornadoes, and Flooding – FEMA-1744-DR Declared February 7, 2008 On February 6, 2008, Governor Mike Beebe requested an expedited major disaster declaration due to flooding, severe thunderstorms, and tornadoes beginning on February 5, 2008, and continuing. The Governor requested a declaration for Individual Assistance and Public Assistance for 10 counties and Hazard Mitigation for all counties. This event was of the severity and magnitude that the need for supplemental Federal assistance was determined to be necessary prior to the completion of joint Federal, State, and local Preliminary Damage Assessments (PDAs). Per 44 C.F.R.§ 206.33(d) and § 206.36(d), the requirement for a joint PDA may be waived for those incidents of such unusual severity and magnitude that formal field damage assessments are not required to establish the need for supplemental Federal assistance under the Stafford Act.1 On February 7, 2008, President Bush declared that a major disaster exists in the State of Arkansas. This declaration made debris removal and emergency protective measures under the Public Assistance program requested by the Governor available to State and eligible local governments and certain private nonprofit organizations on a cost-sharing basis in response to the severe storms, tornadoes, and flooding in Baxter, Conway, Independence, Izard, Pope, Randolph, Sharp, Stone, Union, and Van Buren Counties. Direct Federal assistance also was authorized. Finally, this declaration made Hazard Mitigation Grant Program assistance requested by the Governor available for hazard mitigation measures statewide.2 Summary of Damage Assessment Information Used in Determining Whether to Declare a Major Disaster Individual Assistance • Total Number of Residences Impacted:3 - Destroyed - - Major Damage - - Minor Damage - - Affected - - • Percentage of insured residences:4 - • Percentage of low income households:5 - • Percentage of elderly households:6 - • Total Individual Assistance cost estimate: - Public Assistance • Primary Impact: Debris Removal and Emergency Protective Measures • Total Public Assistance cost estimate: N/A • Statewide per capita impact: 7 - • Statewide per capita impact indicator:8 $1.24 • Countywide per capita impact: -
E D A D I S A S T E R R E S P O N S E A N D P R E PA R E D N E S S P L A N ( D R P P ) 50 A P P E N D I X A : S e c t i o n i . F E M A - 1 7 4 4 - D R M a p a n d D e c l a r e d D i s a s t e r s D e s c r i p t i o n s • Countywide per capita impact indicator:9 $3.11 1 The preliminary damage assessment (PDA) process is a mechanism used to determine the impact and magnitude of damage and resulting needs of individuals, businesses, public sector, and community as a whole. Information collected is used by the State as a basis for the Governor’s request for a major disaster or emergency declaration, and by the President in determining a response to the Governor’s request (44 CFR § 206.33). 2 When a Governor’s request for major disaster assistance under the Robert T. Stafford Disaster Relief and Emergency Assistance Act, as amended (Stafford Act) is under review, a number of primary factors are considered to determine whether assistance is warranted. These factors are outlined in FEMA’s regulations (44 CFR § 206.48). The President has ultimate discretion and decision making authority to declare major disasters and emergencies under the Stafford Act (42 U.S.C. § 5170 and § 5191). 3 Degree of damage to impacted residences: o Destroyed – total loss of structure, structure is not economically feasible to repair, or complete failure to major structural components (e.g., collapse of basement walls/foundation, walls or roof); o Major Damage – substantial failure to structural elements of residence (e.g., walls, floors, foundation), or damage that will take more than 30 days to repair; o Minor Damage – home is damaged and uninhabitable, but may be made habitable in short period of time with repairs; and o Affected – some damage to the structure and contents, but still habitable. 4 By law, Federal disaster assistance cannot duplicate insurance coverage (44 CFR § 206.48(b)(5)). 5 Special populations, such as low-income, the elderly, or the unemployed may indicate a greater need for assistance (44 CFR § 206.48(b)(3)). 6 Ibid (44 CFR § 206.48(b)(3)). 7 Based on State population in the 2000 Census. 8 Statewide Per Capita Impact Indicator for FY08, Federal Register, October 1, 2007. 9 Countywide Per Capita Impact Indicator for FY08, Federal Register, October 1, 2007.
E D A D I S A S T E R R E S P O N S E A N D P R E PA R E D N E S S P L A N ( D R P P ) 51 A P P E N D I X A : S e c t i o n i i . F E M A - 1 7 5 1 - D R M a p a n d D e c l a r e d D i s a s t e r s D e s c r i p t i o n s Yell Polk Scott White Union Pope Clark Lee Drew Ashley Pike Desha ClayBenton Saline Arkansas Logan Izard Pulaski Grant Cross Lonoke Newton Dallas Stone Chicot Jefferson Miller Perry Prairie Sharp Searcy Madison Poinsett Phillips Fulton Garland Boone Sevier Carroll BaxterMarion Ouachita Johnson Bradley Mississippi Washington Jackson Nevada Greene Columbia Monroe Faulkner Calhoun Lincoln Howard Franklin Craighead Van Buren Conway Randolph Hempstead Cleburne Crawford Montgomery Woodruff Lawrence St. Francis Crittenden Cleveland Lafayette Sebastian Hot Spring Independence Little River MS MO LA TX TN OK FEMA-1751-DR, Arkansas Disaster Declaration as of 05/22/2008 AR MS TX MO OK LA TN AL KS IL KY IN FL Legend ITS Mapping & Analysis Center Washington, DC Location Map 20 10 20 30 Miles MapID 0b9476d8d33 05/23/08 -- 08:00 AM EDT Source: Disaster Federal Registry Notice Amendment No.9 - 05/22/2008 Designated Counties No Designation Public Assistance Individual Assistance Individual Assistance and Public Assistance Public Assistance (Category B), limited to direct Federal assistance All counties are eligible for Hazard Mitigation
E D A D I S A S T E R R E S P O N S E A N D P R E PA R E D N E S S P L A N ( D R P P ) 52 A P P E N D I X A : S e c t i o n i i . F E M A - 1 7 5 1 - D R M a p a n d D e c l a r e d D i s a s t e r s D e s c r i p t i o n s Arkansas Severe Storms, Tornadoes, and Flooding – FEMA-1751-DR Declared March 26, 2008 On March 25, 2008, Governor Mike Beebe requested an expedited major disaster declaration due to flooding, severe thunderstorms, and tornadoes beginning on March 18, 2008, and continuing. The Governor requested a declaration for Individual Assistance and Public Assistance, including direct Federal assistance for 35 counties and Hazard Mitigation for all counties. This event was of the severity and magnitude that the need for supplemental Federal assistance was determined to be necessary prior to the completion of joint Federal, State, and local Preliminary Damage Assessments (PDAs). Per 44 C.F.R.§ 206.33(d) and § 206.36(d), the requirement for a joint PDA may be waived for those incidents of such unusual severity and magnitude that formal field damage assessments are not required to establish the need for supplemental Federal assistance under the Stafford Act.1 On March 26, 2008, President Bush declared that a major disaster exists in the State of Arkansas. This declaration made emergency protective measures, limited to direct Federal assistance under the Public Assistance program requested by the Governor available to State and eligible local governments and certain private nonprofit organizations on a cost-sharing basis in response to the severe storms, tornadoes, and flooding in Baxter, Benton, Boone, Carroll, Clay, Conway, Craighead, Crawford, Faulkner, Franklin, Fulton, Greene, Hot spring, Howard, Independence, Izard, Jackson, Johnson, Lawrence, Logan, Madison, Marion, Nevada, Newton, Pope, Randolph, Scott, Searcy, Sharp, Stone, Van Buren, Washington, White, Woodruff, and Yell Counties.2 Summary of Damage Assessment Information Used in Determining Whether to Declare a Major Disaster Individual Assistance • Total Number of Residences Impacted:3 - Destroyed - - Major Damage - - Minor Damage - - Affected - - • Percentage of insured residences:4 - • Percentage of low income households:5 - • Percentage of elderly households:6 - • Total Individual Assistance cost estimate: N/A Public Assistance • Primary Impact: Emergency Protective Measures • Total Public Assistance cost estimate: N/A • Statewide per capita impact: 7 - • Statewide per capita impact indicator:8 $1.24 • Countywide per capita impact: - • Countywide per capita impact indicator:9 $3.11
E D A D I S A S T E R R E S P O N S E A N D P R E PA R E D N E S S P L A N ( D R P P ) 53 A P P E N D I X A : S e c t i o n i i . F E M A - 1 7 5 1 - D R M a p a n d D e c l a r e d D i s a s t e r s D e s c r i p t i o n s 1 The preliminary damage assessment (PDA) process is a mechanism used to determine the impact and magnitude of damage and resulting needs of individuals, businesses, public sector, and community as a whole. Information collected is used by the State as a basis for the Governor’s request for a major disaster or emergency declaration, and by the President in determining a response to the Governor’s request (44 CFR § 206.33). 2 When a Governor’s request for major disaster assistance under the Robert T. Stafford Disaster Relief and Emergency Assistance Act, as amended (Stafford Act) is under review, a number of primary factors are considered to determine whether assistance is warranted. These factors are outlined in FEMA’s regulations (44 CFR § 206.48). The President has ultimate discretion and decision making authority to declare major disasters and emergencies under the Stafford Act (42 U.S.C. § 5170 and § 5191). 3 Degree of damage to impacted residences: o Destroyed – total loss of structure, structure is not economically feasible to repair, or complete failure to major structural components (e.g., collapse of basement walls/foundation, walls or roof); o Major Damage – substantial failure to structural elements of residence (e.g., walls, floors, foundation), or damage that will take more than 30 days to repair; o Minor Damage – home is damaged and uninhabitable, but may be made habitable in short period of time with repairs; and o Affected – some damage to the structure and contents, but still habitable. 4 By law, Federal disaster assistance cannot duplicate insurance coverage (44 CFR § 206.48(b)(5)). 5 Special populations, such as low-income, the elderly, or the unemployed may indicate a greater need for assistance (44 CFR § 206.48(b)(3)). 6 Ibid (44 CFR § 206.48(b)(3)). 7 Based on State population in the 2000 Census. 8 Statewide Per Capita Impact Indicator for FY08, Federal Register, October 1, 2007. 9 Countywide Per Capita Impact Indicator for FY08, Federal Register, October 1, 2007.
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edaDRPP_WebVersion

  • 1. F I N A L R E P O R T • J U N E 2 0 1 0 E DA D I S A S T E R R E S P O N S E A N D P R E PA R E D N E S S P L A N ( D R P P )
  • 2. EDA Disaster Response and Preparedness Plan (DRPP) Tonya Hass, MPA University of Arkansas at Little Rock 2801 South University Avenue Little Rock, AR 72204-1099 Phone: (501) 569-8519 • Fax (501) 569-8538 Web site: www.iea.ualr.edu June 2010 Publication Number 10-04
  • 3. We extend a very special thank you to the partners and participants of the EDA Disaster Response and Preparedness Plan (DRPP) project for providing the insight during this 18 month project which took place from August 2008-February 2010 in Arkansas’s eight regions. Participants at the local, regional and state levels provided the input for these recommendations and strategies that are identified in this final report. See Appendix D for a complete list of partners. We would like to acknowledge the Arkansas Economic Development Commission, the six Planning and Development Districts and the two economic development districts, for their contributions. Special Thanks To Our Partners Economic Development Administration, EDA - Austin Arkansas Governor’s Office Arkansas Economic Development Commission, AEDC Community Development Block Grants, CDBG Arkansas Association of Development Organizations, AADO Arkansas Department of Emergency Management, ADEM Association of Arkansas Counties, AAC Arkansas Municipal League, AML Small Business Administration, SBA U.S. Department of Agriculture, USDA Housing and Urban Development, HUD Arkansas Small Business and Technology Development Center, ASBTDC Oklahoma State University, OSU, Dr. Gary Webb Mississippi Development Authority, MDA, Jon Mabry and Lee Youngblood Arkansas Division of Volunteerism, DHS DOV Arkansas National Guard, ANG National Association of Development Organizations, NADO International Economic Development Council, IEDC United States Army Corps of Engineers, USACE Arkansas Department of Environmental Quality, ADEQ University of Arkansas Cooperative Extension The Delta Center for Economic Development Arkansas Congressional Delegation Finally, a very special thank you to the Institute for Economic Advancement staff for their time, talents and participation in this statewide EDA grant funded program. Principle Author Tonya G. Hass, MPA, Economic Development Liaison, Institute for Economic Advancement, University of Arkansas at Little Rock. Copy Editor Grainger Ledbetter, Labor Education Specialist, Institute for Economic Advancement, University of Arkansas at Little Rock. Desktop Publisher and Graphic Artist Mrs. Susan Jackson, Institute for Economic Advancement, University of Arkansas at Little Rock Acknowledgements E D A D I S A S T E R R E S P O N S E A N D P R E PA R E D N E S S P L A N ( D R P P )
  • 4. I. Introduction 1 II. Assessment of Needs 3 III. Recovery and Readiness/Understanding 7 Sessions with Local Leaders IV. Recovery and Readiness Regional Strategies 13 with Public and Private Sector Leaders V. Recovery and Readiness Strategic 21 Planning Conference VI. Conclusion 45 VII. Appendices 47 Appendix A 48 i. FEMA-1744-DR 02/20/2008 48 ii. FEMA-1751-DR 05/22/2008 51 iii. FEMA-1758-DR 06/24/2008 54 iv. FEMA-1793-DR 09/18/2008 57 v. FEMA-1804-DR 11/28/2008 60 Appendix B 63 i. ADEM guidelines 63 ii. FEMA guidelines 72 iii. AML guidelines 73 iv. AAC guidelines 77 v. USDA Rural Development/HUD guidelines 78 vi. CDBG guidelines 81 vii. SBA guidelines 82 viii. ASBTDC guidelines 83 ix. ADOV guidelines 86 x. NADO/IEDC Report Findings 87 xi. UofA Cooperative Extension 88 xii. U.S. Army Corp of Engineers (USACE) 89 Appendix C 93 i. Notes from Understanding Sessions 93 ii. Notes from Strategies Sessions 97 iii. Regional Disaster Lessons Sessions 2010 103 Table of Contents E D A D I S A S T E R R E S P O N S E A N D P R E PA R E D N E S S P L A N ( D R P P )
  • 5. 1 E D A D I S A S T E R R E S P O N S E A N D P R E PA R E D N E S S P L A N ( D R P P ) Recognizing the potentially devastating economic impact of natural disasters, the Southwest Regional Of- fice of the Economic Development Administration (EDA) entered into an agreement with the Institute for Eco- nomic Advancement (IEA) to assess the impact of natural disasters on Arkansas businesses and industries in 2008 and identify ways to improve their ability to cope with future disasters. Working closely with the Arkansas’s eight Planning and Economic Development Districts (PDDs/EDDs), IEA facilitated a two phased “bottoms up” planning pro- cess that allowed local officials, business people, first responders, regional planners, and others to share their experiences and ideas on improving disaster prepara- tion and recovery. During the first phase of meetings or “Understanding Sessions,” the chronology of events in a natural disaster and the limitations for disaster planning and recovery were identified. At the second wave of sessions participants developed a wide range of actions and strategies at the local, state, regional and federal level to improve planning and recovery for local busi- ness and industry. The Institute for Economic Advancement (IEA) at the University of Arkansas at Little Rock (UALR) and the Arkansas Economic Development Commission (AEDC), the state agency charged with coordinating economic development activity in Arkansas, jointly applied for the grant from EDA with the coordination and plan of work provided by IEA. IEA is Arkansas’ only university economic devel- opment outreach unit and Economic Development Administration (EDA) university center with a statewide mission. With more than 40 professional staff members trained in data collection and analysis, economic fore- casting, impact analysis, survey research, GIS and other expertise, IEA has longstanding experience in economic and community development project management, research, training, and support. I . I N T R O D U C T I O N Natural disasters are often the final straw forcing local business to close. Businesses still operating can suffer costly damage, disruption to supply lines, loss of sales, and the interruption of operations. When businesses and industries fail or falter the communities they serve can be severely disadvantaged. A boat building business in Clinton, AR (Van Buren County) is devastated from a tornado in 2008.
  • 7. E D A D I S A S T E R R E S P O N S E A N D P R E PA R E D N E S S P L A N ( D R P P ) 3 Chronology of Events That Occurred In Arkansas From February-November Of 2008. FEMA-1744-DR 02/20/2008 Severe Storms, Flooding and Tornadoes FEMA- 1751-DR 05/22/2008 Severe Storms, Flooding and Tornadoes FEMA- 1758-DR 06/24/2008 Severe Storms, Flooding and Tornadoes FEMA-1793-DR 09/18/2008 Severe Storms and Flooding associated with Hurricane Gustav FEMA-1804-DR 11/28/2008 Severe Storms, High Winds and major flooding associated with Hurricane Ike. See Appendix A for the specific FEMA-DR maps and description of damages sustained. The grant award originally focused on three natural disasters that occurred from February-June of 2008 but was later expanded to include two additional disasters that took place in September and November 2008. IEA’s Geographic Information System (GIS) team cre- ated maps (figures 1-3) to demonstrate the extent of the natural disasters that afflicted Arkansas in 2008. Figure 2 shows that 72 of the state’s 75 counties were affected one or more times over the course of the year. Van Buren County experienced damage from all five natural disas- ters in 2008, Conway County sustained damage from four disasters and five counties suffered damage from three. Sixty-five of the remaining seventy-two coun- ties were hit with at least once during 2008. Only three Arkansas counties escaped FEMA disaster declarations in 2008. Figure 3 shows the extent of damage in Arkansas’s economically distressed Mississippi River Delta region. Comprising 42 counties under the jurisdiction of the Delta Regional Authority, the area is plagued by persis- tent poverty and longstanding socioeconomic problems. Although IEA planned to supplement its assessment by completing an economic impact analysis of the disas- ters on the affected counties, sufficient data for Arkansas was unavailable. I I . A S S E S S M E N T O F N E E D S The Buffalo National River soared to 23 feet at the Ponca low water bridge on Tuesday, March 18, 2008.
  • 8. E D A D I S A S T E R R E S P O N S E A N D P R E PA R E D N E S S P L A N ( D R P P ) 4 Washington Clark Fulton Boone Union Ashley Carroll Sharp Drew Calhoun Bradley Little River Nevada Ouachita Cleveland Desha Hempstead LincolnDallas Cross Jackson Sebastian Craighead Mississippi Independence Searcy Pike Sevier Howard Jefferson Grant Hot Spring Arkansas Phillips Polk Montgomery Garland Saline Lee Monroe Pulaski Lonoke Prairie Scott Perry St. Francis Yell Faulkner Logan Crittenden Woodruff Newton Stone Conway White Poinsett CleburnePope Crawford Johnson Columbia Lafayette Clay Marion Baxter Randolph Miller Franklin Van Buren Benton Madison Greene Lawrence Izard Chicot Legend Gale - F0 Weak - F1 Strong - F2 Severe - F3 Devastating - F4 Incredible - F5 February 5th April 3rd April 10th May 2nd May 10th F I G U R E 1 Wind Strength and Tornado Paths in Arkansas During 2008 Map created by: University of Arkansas at Little Rock GIS Applications Laboratory, Institute for Economic Advancement http://argis.ualr.edu (501) 569-8530 Data Source: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's National Weather Service http://www.srh.noaa.gov/ lzk/html/gisdata.htm Legend Sep 18, 2008 - Ar Severe Storms & Flooding Associated with Hurricane Ike Sep 18, 2008 - Ar Severe Storms & Flooding Associated with Hurricane Gustav Feb 20, 2008 - Ar Severe Storms, Tornadoes & Flooding May 22, 2008 - Ar Severe Storms, Tornadoes & Flooding June 24, 2008 - Ar Severe Storms, Tornadoes & Flooding Washington Clark FultonBoone Union Ashley Carroll Sharp Drew Calhoun Bradley Little River Nevada Ouachita Cleveland Desha Hempstead Lincoln Dallas Cross Jackson Sebastian Craighead Mississippi Independence Searcy Pike Sevier Howard JeffersonGrant Hot Spring Arkansas Phillips Polk Montgomery Garland Saline Lee MonroePulaski Lonoke Prairie Scott Perry St. Francis Yell Faulkner Logan Crittenden Woodruff Newton Stone Conway White Poinsett Cleburne Pope Crawford Johnson Columbia Lafayette Clay Marion Baxter Randolph Miller Franklin Van Buren Benton Madison Greene Lawrence Izard Chicot W E S T E R N S O U T H W E S T W E S T C E N T R A L N O R T H W E S T C E N T R A L S O U T H E A S T E A S T W H I T E R I V E R F I G U R E 2 Disaster Declarations in Arkansas by County 2008 Map created by: University of Arkansas at Little Rock GIS Applications Laboratory, Institute for Economic Advancement http://argis.ualr.edu (501) 569-8530 Data Source: ITS Mapping and Analysis Center, Disaster Federal Registry Notice http://www.srh.noaa.gov/ lzk/html/gisdata.htm
  • 9. E D A D I S A S T E R R E S P O N S E A N D P R E PA R E D N E S S P L A N ( D R P P ) 5 Legend Sep 18, 2008 - Ar Severe Storms & Flooding Associated with Hurricane Ike Sep 18, 2008 - Ar Severe Storms & Flooding Associated with Hurricane Gustav Feb 20, 2008 - Ar Severe Storms, Tornadoes & Flooding May 22, 2008 - Ar Severe Storms, Tornadoes & Flooding June 24, 2008 - Ar Severe Storms, Tornadoes & Flooding Delta Regional Authority Counties Washington Clark FultonBoone Union Ashley Carroll Sharp Drew Calhoun Bradley Little River Nevada Ouachita Cleveland Desha Hempstead Lincoln Dallas Cross Jackson Sebastian Craighead Mississippi Independence Searcy Pike Sevier Howard JeffersonGrant Hot Spring Arkansas Phillips Polk Montgomery Garland Saline Lee MonroePulaski Lonoke Prairie Scott Perry St. Francis Yell Faulkner Logan Crittenden Woodruff Newton Stone Conway White Poinsett Cleburne Pope Crawford Johnson Columbia Lafayette Clay Marion Baxter Randolph Miller Franklin Van Buren Benton Madison Greene Lawrence Izard Chicot W E S T E R N S O U T H W E S T W E S T C E N T R A L N O R T H W E S T C E N T R A L S O U T H E A S T E A S T W H I T E R I V E R F I G U R E 3 Disaster Declarations in Arkansas Delta Region (shaded area) Map created by: University of Arkansas at Little Rock GIS Applications Laboratory, Institute for Economic Advancement http://argis.ualr.edu (501) 569-8530 Data Source: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's National Weather Service http://www.srh.noaa.gov/ lzk/html/gisdata.htm
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  • 11. E D A D I S A S T E R R E S P O N S E A N D P R E PA R E D N E S S P L A N ( D R P P ) 7 IEA designed and facilitated eight Recovery and Readiness Understanding Sessions for local leaders in each of the PDD and EDD regions beginning on April 1, 2009 and concluding May 28, 2009. These sessions were designed to help participants, local officials, economic developers, and public and private sector leaders, understand the critical role economic development can play in helping communities recover from disasters and prepare for new ones. Since participants were also concerned with events from 2009 they were allowed to include these, along with their experiences from 2008, in the Understanding Sessions. Participants in the Un- derstanding Sessions covering 2008-2009 were asked to share their experiences coping with a natural disaster. Their responses (see below) were organized by category and ranked based on the number of respondents identi- fying the particular need or concern. Destroyed Car Dealership in Mountain View, Arkansas. I I I . R E C O V E R Y A N D R E A D I N E S S U N D E R S TA N D I N G S E S S I O N S W I T H L O C A L L E A D E R S Our first round of Understanding Sessions confirmed the findings of Dr. Gary Webb and his colleagues published in “Predicting Long-Term Business Recover from Disaster: A Comparison of The Loma Prieta Earthquake And Hurricane Andrew.” The authors found that almost all previous disaster planning and recovery efforts focused on the public sector and private homes if the disaster proclamation included dwellings. Except for their access to Small Business Administration (SBA) loans, the needs of businesses and industries were often overlooked. This is compounded by the fact that relatively little research has been done on the impact of natural calamities on local businesses and industries.
  • 12. E D A D I S A S T E R R E S P O N S E A N D P R E PA R E D N E S S P L A N ( D R P P ) 8 P R E PA R AT I O N S P R I O R T O T H E O N S E T O F A D I S A S T E R Plans for Emergency Housing Contact Office of Emergency Management (OEM), school principals, superintendents and county judges Food/Water Weather Radios - money to get them Activate Disaster Control Center Notification of Plan Department Head/NIMS Training- Collective Teamwork Training Activate City Emergency Coordinator Run Check on Equipment (field vehicles, check pumps, radio’s, etc.) - have generators at designated places, shelters Alert Emergency City Personnel to Stand By Notify Public - Police Cars with Loud Speakers; signed up for Code Red to get a phone call alert Educate Cities and Counties re: Agencies including nonprofits organizations available to assist immediately following disaster; find out who has equipment to help in disaster - on inventory (e.g., farmers) Need contact information for; Volunteers Southern Baptist Association Red Cross Salvation Army Game and Fish Sandbags for Flooding Bring the low-income/disadvantaged to the table so they are not left out GENERATORS saved city hall Have available Pumps for Drainage Problems Construct Tornado Safe Structures in High Risk Communities F I R S T H O U R S F O L L O W I N G O N S E T O F A D I S A S T E R Generators Operational Assess Damage Account for Citizens Began Debris Removal Establish Communication Establish a Command Post Contacted Sheriff, Judge, ADEM, OEM, Road Crews, EMS, Red Cross, etc. Power to Water and Sewage Plants
  • 13. E D A D I S A S T E R R E S P O N S E A N D P R E PA R E D N E S S P L A N ( D R P P ) 9 F I R S T D AY F O L L O W I N G O N S E T O F A D I S A S T E R Communication - radio, cell phone, land lines, word of mouth, AWIN radios Assessed Damages Contacted Emergency Responders, ADEM, Red Cross, etc. Closed Areas, Evacuated Folks Generators- located, rented, purchased Established Staging Areas Debris Removal Road Repairs Monitored Water levels Volunteers - identified Recognized gaps/weaknesses in disaster plan Food/Water Distribution Establish Local Contact point(s) GIS Mapping of Damaged Areas Lack of Communication NIMS Training for Volunteers and Others Checklist for Supplies - purchase goods from Depot in NLR Federal Surplus Activate Emergency Plans and Put Them in Place Desperately Need a Good Levee and a Big Pump for Water Overflow Keep Event Logs for Tracking Purposes F I R S T W E E K F O L L O W I N G O N S E T O F A D I S A S T E R Assessing Damages - ongoing Dealing with FEMA Paperwork and Regulations Ongoing Road/Street Repairs Debris Removal Accounting for Citizens - elderly and other Providing for Medical Needs Notified State and Federal Agencies Helped Citizens with Cleanup - used locals when possible to help economy recover Generators Brought In Food/Water Distribution Established Disaster Plan - a living document Monitored Water Levels During Floods Established a Disaster Recovery Center, DRC, Where Citizens Could Receive Help Volunteers from Private and Public Sector Turned Out OEM/County Judge’s Office Fielding Citizen Complaints Opened Shelters Set Up Staging Area Disaster Declarations Made Financial Institutions Helped During The Disasters/Opened Doors Relaxed Policies Mayors and Judges Operating Command Centers
  • 14. E D A D I S A S T E R R E S P O N S E A N D P R E PA R E D N E S S P L A N ( D R P P ) 10 F I R S T M O N T H F O L L O W I N G O N S E T O F A D I S A S T E R Road Repair and Construction Ongoing FEMA Finally Arrived… and Stayed Community Cleanup and Debris Removal Ongoing Constant Communication with All State and Federal Agencies Damage Assessments Ongoing Power Companies Replacing Power Lines/Poles FEMA Either Great or Painful Experiences Food/Water Staging Areas Road Closures Due to Flooding… Round Three Account for Citizens Need for DRC Site/Opened for One Month Shelters Daily Meetings with the Corps Of Engineers Hire Engineers Not Consultants-FEMA Doesn’t Take Kindly to Private Consultants Make Certain All Permits Are in Order/ADEG Especially Avoid FEMA Vultures/Price Gougers Continue to Check on Businesses Generators to Power Fuel Pumps Cash Flow Problems Due to the Slow Reimbursement from FEMA… Causing Folks to Have to Pay for Loans to Bridge the Gap Volunteers S E C O N D M O N T H F O L L O W I N G O N S E T O F A D I S A S T E R FEMA, FEMA, FEMA- “The Good, the Bad and the Ugly” Still Waiting for FEMA Reimbursements from 2007 Floods FEMA Still Difficult to Work with and Very Slow to Reimburse Poor Communication with in FEMA- “The Right Hand Doesn’t Know What the Left Hand is Doing” Sent in All Data About the Damages Into FEMA… Again… Continued Making the Repairs Ongoing Cleanup/Finishing “Hot Wash” Meetings - to Revisit What Worked, Didn’t Work and What to Do Next Time Updating Disaster Plans What Worked What Didn’t Work Held Public Meetings to Give Status Updates Reassessed Damages Reassessed Our Response to the Disaster Aftermath Generators - Everyone Should Have Them in Place and Operational Workforce Benefits - Keep Labor Force Ready for New Jobs Develop a Comprehensive Economic Strategy Develop a Standard Of Operations, S.O.P., (Useable Document)
  • 15. E D A D I S A S T E R R E S P O N S E A N D P R E PA R E D N E S S P L A N ( D R P P ) 11 L E S S O N S L E A R N E D Communication is Vital All the Way from the Mayor to the Police Chief Drills, Preparedness Practice for the Next Time Need More Money for Training A Good Telephone Directory or Contact List EOC Center with Workable Space and Equipment Good Levees and Pumps Prepare an Emergency Plan - a Living Document with All the Contact Information Create a Phone Tree System NIMS Training for Command Center Staff Develop a Volunteer Corps Generators Local Governmental Funds for Disaster Response and Recovery Multipurpose Building to Use as Command Center, Shelter, Space for FEMA, Communications, and a Source of Backup Equipment Weather Radios can be Purchased for Shipping Cost of $5.95 by Calling 1-800-639-7629 Mitigation Monies may be Available for Your City or County by Calling Terry Gray at (501) 683-6700 or email at terry.gray@adem.arkansas.gov Get Rid of the FEMA Vultures Scan-able IDs for Responders, Bar Codes for People, Equipment and Reports Translators to Deal with Undocumented Workers Needs One EOC at the State Level, One Set of Rules and One Decision Maker Thorough GIS Mapping with One Consistent Standardized Set of Coordinates T H I N G S W E W O U L D R E P E AT Contact The County Judge as Quickly As Possible Call Upon Local Contractors Set Up Command Center Get First Responders Out as Quickly as Possible Appoint One Key Spokesperson to Speak to Media - Have a Clear Message Call in the National Guard Portable Toilets Available Emergency Shelter Food and Supplies Attend NIMS Training Establish an Authorized Shelter in Your Community Create Neighborhood Teams Create a One Page Sheet Front and Back with a Message of Need Prepare to be Self Sufficient for 72 Hours Keep Good Records and Documentation of Everything Identify One Chief Get it in Writing Straight from FEMA… Do Not Trust Word of Mouth Establish a Regional Approach to Deal with Disasters - Community Resources
  • 16. E D A D I S A S T E R R E S P O N S E A N D P R E PA R E D N E S S P L A N ( D R P P ) 12 S U R P R I S E S Entergy-Good/Bad Volunteers Enormity of Damages Number Without Power and Duration FEMA-Good/Bad Lack of Preparedness F R U S T R AT I O N S FEMA Entergy/Power Companies OEM Officers Entitlement Issues - Citizens Pets and Their Owners Rumors Federal Government/HUD OSHA Our Lack of Preparedness E I G H T B U S I N E S S & I N D U S T R Y T H E M E S V O I C E D B Y PA R T I C I PA N T S Need for FEMA Reimbursements to Businesses for Debris Removal and/ or their Uninsured Losses Generators to Get Businesses/Industry Up and Running… Accessibility for Fuel Work with Local Businesses/Industry for Repair Purchase and/or Supplies… Keep it Local to Help Stabilize the Economy Business/Industry is a Great Resource for Volunteers, Equipment, Manpower, Goods and Services, etc Business Incentives for Preparedness Plans and Updates Quick Access to Decision Makers for Power, Water, etc. Reimbursement for Lost Wages When Disaster Causes Business to be Closed Monitored Water Levels… Pumped Out Water to Protect Industry/Businesses (Pilgrim’s Pride, Con Agra)
  • 17. E D A D I S A S T E R R E S P O N S E A N D P R E PA R E D N E S S P L A N ( D R P P ) 13 The report urges that the Federal government re- spond as soon as possible to the onset of an event such as approaching tornado or severe storm and identifies two phases to that response, emergency and relief. Critical to an effective response, the report maintains, is the development of a strategic, unified approach to disaster response and preparedness based on a compre- hensive assessment of the disaster damage inventory. This allows existing human and physical infrastructure to be more efficiently utilized in the recovery of local economies and improves the long-term probability of greater employment retention and increased personal income in affected regions. In addition, an increased understanding of the economic development process as it relates to disaster preparedness and responses to structural shifts in local economies will decrease the likelihood that communities and their labor forces will miss out on future development opportunities. To solicit actions and strategies to improve Disaster Recovery and Readiness participants in IEA sponsored strategy sessions were asked their affiliation (i.e. elected official, government staff, Chamber of Commerce, eco- nomic developer, etc…), the number of area businesses/ Damaged local hospital in Mountain View, Arkansas. I V. R E CO V E R Y A N D R E A D I N E S S R E G I O N A L S T R AT E G I E S W I T H P U B L I C A N D P R I VAT E S E C TO R L E A D E R S With the assistance of IEA, participants developed an extensive set of recommended actions and strategies at the local, regional, state and federal level to help businesses and industries cope more effectively with natural disasters. Recommendations for the federal level largely focused on the operation of the Federal Emergency Management Administration (FEMA) disaster recovery program and recovery funding and the US Department of Agriculture or Housing and Urban Development (HUD) and were consistent with recommendations included in An Improved Federal Response to Post-Disaster Economic Recovery: Final Report, issued by the International Economic Development Council (IEDC) and the National Association of Development Organizations (NADO).
  • 18. E D A D I S A S T E R R E S P O N S E A N D P R E PA R E D N E S S P L A N ( D R P P ) 14 industries closed due to 2008 natural disasters, and to identify ways: local/regional governments can help businesses prepare for natural disasters local/regional governments can help businesses recover from natural disasters business and industry can help communities cope with natural disasters state governments can help businesses prepare for natural disasters state governments can help businesses recover from natural disasters local/regional governments can help businesses prepare for natural disasters business/industry can be linked with governmental emergency planning to raise the awareness of local officials and educate them on the links between business/industry and recovery to address the need for research on the links between business/ industry and disaster recovery Participant responses to these questions formed the basis for the strategies and actions compiled in the following findings.
  • 19. E D A D I S A S T E R R E S P O N S E A N D P R E PA R E D N E S S P L A N ( D R P P ) 15 Strategies and Actions for the Local and Regional Levels: How to Help Businesses and Industries Prepare for Disasters 1. “Market” disaster preparedness to businesses and industries thru the appropriate local means. Have displays and information available at various community events (especially those sponsored by the fire departments), like fairs, fish fries, community fund-raisers, garden shows, business expos, job fairs, etc. Use local entities and their communication devices to inform B&I and point them toward resources that will help them prepare. (Local Chambers of Commerce/Economic Development, inserts in utilities’ billing invoices; flyers distributed through local banks, etc.) Use Post Secondary and Higher Education (both 4-year and 2-year institutions) as partners in readiness and for technical assistance, training and training and meeting venues. Reach out via the local community “broadcast” media. Use local access programming on the cable network and radio and/or television public service announcements. Conduct a regional “conference” (or a series of regional sessions) that draws together the diverse elements of the business community and has them interact with one another about this issue. Community specific conferences on disaster readiness could follow. Time the local “marketing” to when businesses and industries might be susceptible to the message, e.g., disaster preparedness week in AR or the aftermath of a well publicized natural disaster. F I N D I N G S F R O M T H E E D A - F U N D E D E X A M I N A T I O N O F B U S I N E S S A N D I N D U S T R Y R E A D I N E S S F O R A N D R E C O V E R Y F R O M N A T U R A L D I S A S T E R S
  • 20. E D A D I S A S T E R R E S P O N S E A N D P R E PA R E D N E S S P L A N ( D R P P ) 16 2. Provide information and support regarding how B&I can prepare and plan. Place links on local websites to direct businesses and industries to reliable sources of information on disaster preparedness. The PDDs, with the assistance of the ASBTDC, could revise and use the “ACT NOW” seminars and materials (PDFs, booklet, and CD), which focused on earthquakes, as the basis for general disaster preparedness training. Transform the “how families should prepare for disasters”?? materials into a how-to for small business. Put together checklists of steps that should be taken. Make use of the Red Cross and other non-profit organizations and local post- secondary educational institutions for assistance in different aspects of disaster preparedness, including training, creating teams, and developing information kits. 3. Engage B&I in the ongoing local disaster planning and preparedness The local Emergency Management Official should invite business and industry to become a part of the emergency planning process and to join the Local Emergency Planning Committee (LEPC). (This could be part of a wider effort to bring more of the community to the table.) Include businesses and industries in emergency exercises/drills. Make it a practice to involve them in planning and drills for natural disasters and industrial accidents, etc. Designate some businesses and industries as emergency services centers, so they have a role in recovery. Insure that employees at these sites are trained to know their roles and functions. 4. Address the ancillary needs of B&I and other employers in the event of a disaster (e.g., transportation and dependent care). Help develop a worker transportation plan to coordinate a shared ride system and meet other needs. ?? Work with school districts, senior centers, and churches on the use of their buses. (Liability issues will need to be addressed.) Help develop a plan that helps childcare/ daycare centers open soon after disasters so that employees are able to resume their jobs when their employers reopen. 5. Help B&I to be viable so that they can survive a disaster and reopen afterward. Institute or support programs (probably by partnering with Arkansas Small Business and Technology Development Center, ASBTDC) that foster local business and industry viability through access to training and technical assistance, encouraging use of best practices, etc. 6. Require local B&I to designate a disaster manager or point of contact. As part of their business license, require that businesses designate a manager as their disaster preparedness point person and offer that person training 7. Formulate local building codes that relate to natural disaster conditions. Develop and enforce building codes that relate to natural disasters. Raise awareness of ways to strengthen buildings while they’re under construction. Educate people about the existing state law.
  • 21. E D A D I S A S T E R R E S P O N S E A N D P R E PA R E D N E S S P L A N ( D R P P ) 17 Strategies and Actions for the Local and Regional Levels: How to Help Businesses and Industries Recover from Disasters 8. Include a “keep the money local” strategy in the local disaster plan. Plan to “keep the money in the local (or regional or state) economy.” Plan to use local businesses to the greatest extent possible during the recovery. Stipulate in solicitations for proposals that outside firms are strongly encouraged to include subcontracting with local firms. Require outside businesses to register with the city/county and obtain licenses and pay registration or franchise fees. Plan to deploy generator(s) to designated local businesses so they can supply essential recovery services (e.g., fuel). 9. Use a revolving loan fund to assist local B&I in recovery. Use a Revolving Loan Fund (RLF) to provide assistance for recovery from disasters. PDDs or a local entity may already have an RLF that could be modified or a separate RLF that could focus solely on disaster recovery. Allow a period of time before repayment has to begin, (e.g., six months from onset of disaster). 10. Local governments should use their authority as broadly as possible during the recovery. Cities and counties should be given the flexibility and authority to clean up their communities and get them functioning again. Waive or suspend, on an emergency basis, competitive bidding requirements and other rules so addressing public safety issues and cleaning up debris proceeds as an essential “public” function. (State and Federal rules and regulations will need to be loosened to support this broadening of local authority.) 11. Help connect B&I to information and assistance during the recovery. The PDDs, with ASBTDC assistance, could cooperate with local governments during the post-disaster period to provide “how to” recover sessions and hands-on assistance. Support the efforts of the Red Cross and other non-profit organizations and local post-secondary educational institutions to help businesses and industries. 12. Deploy a business recovery center and facilitate access to the Internet for B&I recovery. Set up and operate “business recovery centers” at which local businesses can conduct some of their operations. This could be mobile offices or strategically located rooms available for use, e.g., classrooms in a local college. Ensure these sites have back-up power and connectivity. The Internet has become a critically important infrastructure for B&I. Ensure continuity of connectivity, to allow for the business and industry operations. Plan to establish local portable wireless Hot Spots. Use local colleges and libraries in this effort. 13. Foster business-to-business partnerships. Foster mutually beneficial business and industry partnerships between larger and smaller businesses.
  • 22. E D A D I S A S T E R R E S P O N S E A N D P R E PA R E D N E S S P L A N ( D R P P ) 18 Strategies and Action for the State-Level: How to Help Businesses and Industries Prepare for Disasters 14. Supplement the state disaster plan by including a business and industry section. Add a business and industry/economic development section to the state emergency response plan. This would insure that local emergency response plans include a similar section since they are modeled on the state plan. 15. Require all local governments with disaster plans to create a local emergency planning committee (LEPC) and solicit wide participation. Local Emergency Planning Committees should include business and other elements of the community. 16. Establish incentives to encourage B&I to prepare for disasters. The State should establish tax credits/ incentives for business that plan for disasters, maintain insurance coverage, and construct or retrofit buildings to meet hurricane/high wind standards. Provide incentives for businesses that produce materials used in building and upgrading structures to be “disaster- ready,” to locate in AR (e.g., businesses producing insulated concrete forms (ICF)). 17. Help inform the business community about disaster planning. ADEM could sponsor “how to” training for business and industry using a train- the-trainer program with ADEM ensuring the competency of front-line trainers. ADEM could adopt a regional delivery system for its programs. ASBTDC could continue to develop and update “how to prepare” materials and programs. 18. Promote B&I disaster preparedness to statewide organizations. State government should make contact with organizations such as State Chambers, AED, ACDS, etc. to assist with promoting disaster preparedness to business and industry. State government should work with the Arkansas Broadcasters Association to develop public service announcements that will raise awareness of the need for disaster preparedness. Strategies and Actions for the State-Level: How to Help Businesses and Industries to Recover from Disasters 19. Establish a “quick-response fund” to accelerate community clean up and recovery. Establish a state “quick-response fund” to help get things up and running as soon as possible— business cannot function in the community if basic services (e.g. utilities) are down. 20. Provide expert assistance to smaller businesses in their negotiations with their insurers. Provide consultants/advocates to small and medium businesses to assist in negotiation with their insurance carriers—they could estimate the value of losses or down-time and negotiate for full payment by the insurance companies. 21. Establish a loan program to assist B&I in recovery from disasters. Provide a Bridge loans program which makes money available to businesses in the interval until their insurance payments arrive. Provide a Forgivable loan program which offers loans to fund recovery with a yearly credit or forgiveness of some portion of the loan if performance requirements are achieved. Provide state loans to businesses and industries that are unable to qualify for SBA loans and build in a grace period before payment begins.
  • 23. E D A D I S A S T E R R E S P O N S E A N D P R E PA R E D N E S S P L A N ( D R P P ) 19 22. Use mobile offices and command centers to assist B&I. Employ Department of Workforce Services (DWS) mobile units in the recovery environment to serve employers and employees. DWS has these mobile units and plans to use them around the state to serve employees. ADEM’s mobile command center, now available to local governments, could be made accessible to businesses and industries that have developed a plan and designated a disaster coordinator. 23. Inform B&I about how to go about recovering and the available assistance. ADEM could sponsor “how to” training for recovery of business and industry. This could take the shape of a train-the-trainer program, where ADEM would ensure that the front-line trainers are competent. ASBTDC could continue to develop and update materials and programs for small business post-disaster recovery. 24. Better inform local officials about CDBG Long- Term Economic Development Recovery Funds. Better “market” these funds and clearly demonstrate to counties, through specific examples, how these funds should be used. 25. Assist specialty businesses (e.g., tourism and farmers) to deal with the unique challenges they face. Establish a program that addresses needs of specialized businesses i.e., agriculture, forestry, and tourism/recreation. Insure that the program serves primary producers (e.g., chicken farmers) not the processing industries. 26. Help local governments deal with other issues that affect B&I during recovery. Assist local governments and regional efforts to address labor-related issues such as childcare availability and transportation during disaster recovery. 27. Cultivate a positive attitude among state offices and personnel. Promote a “can do” rather than a “you can’t have my money” attitude among state officials involved with disaster recovery. Strategies And Actions For The Federal-Level: How To Help B&I Cope With Disasters 28. Rectify the problems with FEMA recovery and hazard mitigation funding and with programmatic operations. Address problems with FEMA disaster recovery funding and with hazard mitigation funding. Make access to federal funds less cumbersome, reduce red tape, widen eligibility for financial assistance, speed up processing, and clean up the grey areas. Identify clear lines of authority and designated contacts. Provide ombudsmen to oversee the funding process. 29. Use disaster specific eligibility requirements for long-term economic disaster recovery funds from USDA, EDA, and HUD. USDA, EDA, and HUD (CDBG) should set aside normal eligibility requirements and modify funding procedures to incorporate eligibility criteria that focus on disasters. 30. Support the efforts to inform and train B&I regarding disaster readiness and recovery. Secure federal involvement in training for businesses and industries, e.g., funding train-the-trainer sessions or covering the cost for people to attend training. Conduct or support training sessions on how to access recovery funds and assistance. 31. Support the efforts to market disas- ter readiness and recovery to B&I. Secure federal support for informa- tion/awareness advertising. Could this be a function for the AD Council?
  • 24. E D A D I S A S T E R R E S P O N S E A N D P R E PA R E D N E S S P L A N ( D R P P ) 20 32.. Develop a program that sup- ports the wide range of B&I. Develop a business support program that acknowledges and services the wide range of existing businesses, including clusters of businesses and small and larger busi- nesses and differentiates between ag- riculture and other industries. It should prioritize assistance in order of critical need, (e.g., medical supply, food, etc...) Strategies and Actions: How B&I Could Help Their Communities Recover from Disasters A. B&I can serve as resources during recovery. Provide skilled volunteers—formed into teams/groups to use their skills (e.g., ability to operate pieces of equipment or familiar- ity with logistics) or train them for specific recovery jobs to perform in times of disaster. Provide equipment to be rented or leased for use in recovery efforts. Prepare lists ahead of time of what businesses have what equipment. Provide supplies, especially during “the gap” period. For example, use the food in the freez- ers that would go bad to feed outside emer- gency responders or those in the shelters. Serve as a center or site to provide services to the community and/or to meet the needs of outside emergency responders who come into the community. (They could provide space for utility crews-places to sleep and mobilize their employees to provide tooth- paste, blankets, and laundry services.) Encourage businesses and industries to incor- porate recovery-related facilities when they plan expansions to their buildings and new construction, (e.g., showers, space for shelter/ housing, sources of light when power is down.) B. Establish continuity of operations plans and plan to operate key functions without power. Locally owned businesses should to develop continuity of operations plans (FEMA will assist with training on continuity of opera- tions training that they will conduct for free for 20 or more participants) that include how to temporarily function without power in order to meet critical needs in the com- munity during the first 48 to 72 hours. C. Partner with other B&I to help one another. Have businesses within the community partner so if one part of the county or city is affected a business that is “down” could continue to operate from the site of the unaffected busi- ness partner. Take into account the need of some businesses for specialized equip- ment as these partnerships are formed. D. Participate in the local LEPC and/or CERT Program. Businesses and industries can participate in the Community Emergency Response Team (CERT) program. Include a busi- ness challenge?? to get them to partici- pate as part of the community team. E. Ensure that disaster planners know about hazardous materials on site. All businesses should provide a list of hazardous materials on their sites to be filed with local emergency officials.
  • 25. E D A D I S A S T E R R E S P O N S E A N D P R E PA R E D N E S S P L A N ( D R P P ) 21 Dr. Gary Webb, Professor of Sociology at Oklahoma State University and an author of “Predicting long-Term Recovery From Disaster: A Comparison Of The Loma Prieta Earthquake And Hurricane Andrew,” explained his findings that business and industry, excluded from the federal grant assistance process, are left to rely on friends and family, private insurance, private banking loans or SBA and ASBTDC loans. Too often after a disas- ter strikes significant numbers of local businesses close their doors and deprive their communities of jobs and tax revenues. Dr. Webb’s assertions were confirmed by the comments of those who participated in the first round of the IEA Understanding Sessions. In addition representatives from the Mississippi Development Authority, Mr. Jon Mabry, Mr. Lee Youngblood, shared their experiences rebuilding after Hurricane Katrina and what steps they are taking to prepare for the next natural disaster. IEA then shared the process and the top findings from the Readiness and Recovery Strategy sessions with the conference participants in a format that can be read- ily replicated for use by conference participants in the event of future disasters. V. R E C O V E R Y A N D R E A D I N E S S S T R AT E G I C P L A N N I N G C O N F E R E N C E For the fourth and final phase of the DRPP grant, IEA planned and hosted a Recovery and Readiness Strategic Planning Conference for Arkansas’s public and private sector in Little Rock on February 18, 2010, Attendees and Invitees included participants from the earlier phases of the project, representatives from the EDA SW Region, for- profit utilities/gas, rural electric/gas, municipal electric/gas companies, the AR State Chamber of Commerce ,AR National Guard, AR State Police, AR Municipal League, the Association of Arkansas Counties, and the AR Governor’s office, congressional delegation and state legislature. A destroyed strip mall in Highland, Arkansas
  • 26. E D A D I S A S T E R R E S P O N S E A N D P R E PA R E D N E S S P L A N ( D R P P ) 22 T O P S T R AT E G I E S : i . F E D E R A L Strategies and Actions for the Federal-Level: How to Help B&I in Readiness for and Recovery from Disasters 1. Rectify the problems with FEMA recovery and hazard mitigation funding and with programmatic operations. 2. When USDA, EDA, and HUD are used to fund long-term economic recovery from disaster, use criteria for eligibility that relate to the disaster and not to normal eligibility requirements. 3. Support the efforts to inform and train B&I regarding disaster readiness and recovery. 4. Support the efforts to market disaster readiness and recovery to B&I. 5. Develop a program that supports the wide range of B&I. T O P S T R AT E G I E S : i i . S TAT E Strategies and Action for the State-Level: How to Help Businesses and Industries Prepare for Disasters 1. Supplement the state disaster plan by including a business and industry section. 2. Require all local governments with disaster plans to create a local emergency planning committee (LEPC) and solicit wide participation. 3. Establish incentives to encourage B&I to prepare for disasters. 4. Help inform the business community about disaster planning. 5. Promote B&I disaster preparedness to statewide organizations. Strategies and Actions for the State-Level: How to Help B&I to Recover from Disasters 1. Establish a “quick-response fund” to accelerate community clean up and recovery. 2. Provide expert assistance to smaller businesses in their negotiations with their insurers. 3. Establish a loan program to assist B&I in recovery from disasters. 4. Use mobile offices and command centers to assist B&I. 5. Inform B&I about how to go about recovering and the available assistance. 6. Better inform local officials about CDBG Long- Term Economic Development Recovery Funds. 7. Assist specialty businesses (e.g., tourism and farmers) to deal with the unique challenges they face. 8. Help local governments deal with other issues that affect B&I during recovery. 9. Cultivate a “can-do” attitude among state offices and personnel.
  • 27. E D A D I S A S T E R R E S P O N S E A N D P R E PA R E D N E S S P L A N ( D R P P ) 23 T O P S T R AT E G I E S : i i i . L O C A L / R E G I O N A L Strategies and Actions for the Local and Regional Levels: How to Help Businesses and Industries Prepare for Disasters 1. “Market” disaster preparedness to B&I thru the appropriate local means. 2. Provide information and support regarding how B&I can prepare and plan. 3. Engage B&I in the ongoing local disaster planning and preparedness (in the LEPC). 4. Address the ancillary needs of B&I and other employers in the event of a disaster (e.g., transportation and dependent care). 5. Help B&I to be viable so that they can survive a disaster and reopen afterward. 6. Require local B&I to designate a disaster manager or point of contact. 7. Formulate local building codes that relate to natural disaster conditions. Strategies and Actions for the Local and Regional Levels: How to Help Businesses and Industries Recover from Disasters 1. Include a “keep the money local” strategy in the local disaster plan. 2. Use a revolving loan fund to assist local B&I in recovery. 3. Local governments should use their authority as broadly as possible during the recovery. 4. Help connect B&I to information and assistance during the recovery. 5. Deploy a business recovery center and facilitate access to the Internet for B&I recovery. 6. Foster business-to-business partnerships. Strategies and Actions: How B&I Could Help Their Communities to Recover from Disasters A. B&I can serve as resources during recovery. B. Establish continuity of operations plans and plan to operate key functions without power. C. Partner with other B&I to help one another. D. Participate in the local LEPC and/or CERT Program. E. Ensure that disaster planners know about hazardous materials on site.
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  • 29. E D A D I S A S T E R R E S P O N S E A N D P R E PA R E D N E S S P L A N ( D R P P ) 25 “Market” disaster preparedness to B&I through the appropriate local means. Provide information and support regarding how B&I can prepare and plan. Engage B&I in the ongoing local disaster planning and preparedness (in the LEPC). Address the ancillary needs of B&I and other employers in the event of a disaster (e.g., transportation and dependent care). Help B&I to be viable so that they can survive a disaster and reopen afterward. Require local B&I to designate a disaster manager or point of contact. Formulate local building codes that relate to natural disaster conditions. Difficulty ImplementingBenefit Average Weighted Totals 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 2.77 1.77 4.54 2.54 2.08 4.62 2.38 2.23 4.61 2.54 2.69 5.23 2.38 2.38 4.76 2.15 2.00 4.15 2.77 2.62 5.39 Using ThinkTank™ software by GroupSystems, Dr. James A. Feldt of IEA concluded the conference by providing partici- pants the opportunity to evaluate the benefit and difficulty of implementing the Readiness and Recovery Regional Strategies. The detailed findings are seen below in figures 4 through 33. 1 . L o c a l & R e g i o n a l F o r B & I P r e p a r a t i o n Rate each action or strategy on Benefit and on Difficulty Implementing 1 . L o c a l & R e g i o n a l f o r B & I P r e p a r a t i o n To t a l s F i g u r e 4 : L o c a l & R e g i o n a l f o r B & I P r e p a r a t i o n To t a l s Criteria: Difficulty Benefit Implementing Voting Method: High Med. Low High Med. Low Weighted Avg. # Ballot Items Weight: 1.00 1.00 Total Total Score 1. “Market” disaster preparedness to B&I 2.77 1.77 4.54 4.54 2.27 through the appropriate local means. 2. Provide information and support regarding 2.54 2.08 4.62 4.62 2.31 how B&I can prepare and plan. 3. Engage B&I in the ongoing local disaster 2.38 2.23 4.61 4.61 2.31 planning and preparedness (in the LEPC). 4. Address the ancillary needs of B&I and 2.54 2.69 5.23 5.23 2.62 other employers in the event of a disaster (e.g., transportation and dependent care). 5. Help B&I to be viable so that they can 2.38 2.38 4.76 4.76 2.38 survive a disaster and reopen afterward. 6. Require local B&I to designate a disaster. 2.15 2.00 4.15 4.15 2.08 manager or point of contact. 7. Formulate local building codes that relate 2.77 2.62 5.39 5.39 2.69 to natural disaster conditions. Voting Details Criteria Statistic: Mean. Votes Cast: 13, Abstained: 0 F i g u r e 5 : L o c a l & R e g i o n a l f o r B & I P r e p a r a t i o n To t a l s
  • 30. E D A D I S A S T E R R E S P O N S E A N D P R E PA R E D N E S S P L A N ( D R P P ) 26 2 . L o c a l & R e g i o n a l f o r B & I P r e p a r a t i o n C r i t e r i a : B e n e f i t F i g u r e 6 : A v e r a g e V o t e S c o r e f o r C r i t e r i a : B e n e f i t F i g u r e 7 : L o c a l & R e g i o n a l f o r B & I P r e p a r a t i o n C r i t e r i a : B e n e f i t Vote Distribution # Ballot Items L M H Avg. Score Total STD Votes 1. “Market” disaster preparedness to B&I - 3 10 2.77 36.00 0.44 13 through the appropriate local means. 2. Provide information and support regarding 1 4 8 2.54 33.00 0.66 13 how B&I can prepare and plan. 3. Engage B&I in the ongoing local disaster 2 4 7 2.38 31.00 0.77 13 planning and preparedness (in the LEPC). 4. Address the ancillary needs of B&I and 1 4 8 2.54 33.00 0.66 13 other employers in the event of a disaster (e.g., transportation and dependent care). 5. Help B&I to be viable so that they can 3 2 8 2.38 31.00 0.87 13 survive a disaster and reopen afterward. 6. Require local B&I to designate a disaster 3 5 5 2.15 28.00 0.80 13 manager or point of contact. 7. Formulate local building codes that 1 1 11 2.77 36.00 0.60 13 relate to natural disaster conditions. “Market” disaster preparedness to B&I through the appropriate local means. Provide information and support regarding how B&I can prepare and plan. Engage B&I in the ongoing local disaster planning and preparedness (in the LEPC). Address the ancillary needs of B&I and other employers in the event of a disaster (e.g., transportation and dependent care). Help B&I to be viable so that they can survive a disaster and reopen afterward. Require local B&I to designate a disaster manager or point of contact. Formulate local building codes that relate to natural disaster conditions. STDAverage Vote Score 0 1 2 3 Vote Method Low Medium High
  • 31. E D A D I S A S T E R R E S P O N S E A N D P R E PA R E D N E S S P L A N ( D R P P ) 27 F i g u r e 9 : L o c a l & R e g i o n a l f o r B & I P r e p a r a t i o n C r i t e r i a : D i f f i c u l t y I m p l e m e n t i n g Vote Distribution # Ballot Items L M H Avg. Score Total STD Votes 1. “Market” disaster preparedness to B&I 5 6 2 1.77 23.00 0.73 13 through the appropriate local means. 2. Provide information and support regarding 3 6 4 2.08 27.00 0.76 13 how B&I can prepare and plan. 3. Engage B&I in the ongoing local disaster 2 6 5 2.23 29.00 0.73 13 planning and preparedness (in the LEPC). 4. Address the ancillary needs of B&I and 1 2 10 2.69 35.00 0.63 13 other employers in the event of a disaster (e.g., transportation and dependent care). 5. Help B&I to be viable so that they can 2 4 7 2.38 31.00 0.77 13 survive a disaster and reopen afterward. 6. Require local B&I to designate a 6 1 6 2.00 26.00 1.00 13 disaster manager or point of contact. 7. Formulate local building codes that 1 3 9 2.62 34.00 0.65 13 relate to natural disaster conditions. 3 . L o c a l & R e g i o n a l f o r B & I P r e p a r a t i o n C r i t e r i a : D i f f i c u l t y I m p l e m e n t i n g F i g u r e 8 : A v e r a g e V o t e S c o r e f o r C r i t e r i a : D i f f i c u l t y I m p l e m e n t i n g “Market” disaster preparedness to B&I through the appropriate local means. Provide information and support regarding how B&I can prepare and plan. Engage B&I in the ongoing local disaster planning and preparedness (in the LEPC). Address the ancillary needs of B&I and other employers in the event of a disaster (e.g., transportation and dependent care). Help B&I to be viable so that they can survive a disaster and reopen afterward. Require local B&I to designate a disaster manager or point of contact. Formulate local building codes that relate to natural disaster conditions. STDAverage Vote Score 0 1 2 3 Vote Method Low Medium High
  • 32. E D A D I S A S T E R R E S P O N S E A N D P R E PA R E D N E S S P L A N ( D R P P ) 28 4 . L o c a l & R e g i o n a l f o r B & I P r e p a r a t i o n B a l l o t I t e m s w i t h C o m m e n t s 1. “Market” disaster preparedness to B&I thru the appropriate local means. 2. Provide information and support regarding how B&I can prepare and plan. 3. Engage B&I in the ongoing local disaster planning and preparedness (in the LEPC). 4. Address the ancillary needs of B&I and other employers in the event of a disaster (e.g., transportation and dependent care). 5. Help B&I to be viable so that they can survive a disaster and reopen afterward. 6. Require local B&I to designate a disaster manager or point of contact. 7. Formulate local building codes that relate to natural disaster conditions.
  • 33. E D A D I S A S T E R R E S P O N S E A N D P R E PA R E D N E S S P L A N ( D R P P ) 29 2 . L o c a l & R e g i o n a l F o r B & I R e c o v e r y Rate each action or strategy on Benefit and on Difficulty Implementing 1 . L o c a l & R e g i o n a l f o r B & I R e c o v e r y To t a l s F i g u r e 1 0 : L o c a l & R e g i o n a l f o r B & I R e c o v e r y To t a l s Difficulty ImplementingBenefit Average Weighted Totals 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 2.38 2.15 4.23 2.46 4.612.15 4.53 2.69 2.15 4.84 2.85 1.85 4.70 2.38 1.85 2.46 2.46 4.92 Include a “keep the money local” strategy in the local disaster plan. Use a revolving loan fund to assist local B&I in recovery. Local governments should use their authority as broadly as possible during the recovery. Help connect B&I to information and assistance during the recovery. Deploy a business recovery center & facilitate access to the Internet for B&I recovery. Foster business-to-business partnerships. F i g u r e 1 1 : L o c a l & R e g i o n a l f o r B & I R e c o v e r y To t a l s Criteria: Difficulty Benefit Implementing Voting Method: High Med. Low High Med. Low Weighted Avg. # Ballot Items Weight: 1.00 1.00 Total Total Score 1. Include a “keep the money local” 2.38 2.15 4.53 4.53 2.27 strategy in the local disaster plan. 2. Use a revolving loan fund to 2.46 2.46 4.92 4.92 2.46 assist local B&I in recovery. 3. Local governments should use 2.69 2.15 4.84 4.84 2.42 their authority as broadly as possible during the recovery. 4. Help connect B&I to information and 2.85 1.85 4.70 4.70 2.35 assistance during the recovery. 5. Deploy a business recovery center 2.46 2.15 4.61 4.61 2.31 and facilitate access to the Internet for B&I recovery. 6. Foster business-to-business partnerships. 2.38 1.85 4.23 4.23 2.12 Voting Details Criteria Statistic: Mean. Votes Cast: 13, Abstained: 0
  • 34. E D A D I S A S T E R R E S P O N S E A N D P R E PA R E D N E S S P L A N ( D R P P ) 30 2 . L o c a l & R e g i o n a l f o r B & I R e c o v e r y C r i t e r i a : B e n e f i t F i g u r e 1 2 : L o c a l & R e g i o n a l f o r B & I R e c o v e r y C r i t e r i a : B e n e f i t STDAverage Vote Score 0 1 2 3 Include a “keep the money local” strategy in the local disaster plan. Use a revolving loan fund to assist local B&I in recovery. Local governments should use their authority as broadly as possible during the recovery. Help connect B&I to information and assistance during the recovery. Deploy a business recovery center & facilitate access to the Internet for B&I recovery. Foster business-to-business partnerships. Vote Method Low Medium High F i g u r e 1 3 : L o c a l & R e g i o n a l f o r B & I R e c o v e r y C r i t e r i a : B e n e f i t Vote Distribution # Ballot Items L M H Avg. Score Total STD Votes 1. Include a “keep the money local” 2 4 7 2.38 31.00 0.77 13 strategy in the local disaster plan. 2. Use a revolving loan fund to - 7 6 2.46 32.00 0.52 13 assist local B&I in recovery. - 7 6 2.46 32.00 0.52 13 3. Local governments should use - 4 9 2.69 35.00 0.48 13 their authority as broadly as possible during the recovery. 4. Help connect B&I to information and - 2 11 2.85 37.00 0.38 13 assistance during the recovery. 5. Deploy a business recovery center 1 5 7 2.46 32.00 0.66 13 and facilitate access to the Internet for B&I recovery. 6. Foster business-to-business partnerships. 1 6 6 2.38 31.00 0.65 13
  • 35. E D A D I S A S T E R R E S P O N S E A N D P R E PA R E D N E S S P L A N ( D R P P ) 31 3 . L o c a l & R e g i o n a l f o r B & I R e c o v e r y C r i t e r i a : D i f f i c u l t y I m p l e m e n t i n g F i g u r e 1 4 : L o c a l & R e g i o n a l f o r B & I R e c o v e r y C r i t e r i a : D i f f i c u l t y I m p l e m e n t i n g STDAverage Vote Score 0 1 2 3 Include a “keep the money local” strategy in the local disaster plan. Use a revolving loan fund to assist local B&I in recovery. Local governments should use their authority as broadly as possible during the recovery. Help connect B&I to information and assistance during the recovery. Deploy a business recovery center & facilitate access to the Internet for B&I recovery. Foster business-to-business partnerships. Vote Method Low Medium High F i g u r e 1 5 : L o c a l & R e g i o n a l f o r B & I R e c o v e r y C r i t e r i a : D i f f i c u l t y I m p l e m e n t i n g Vote Distribution # Ballot Items L M H Avg. Score Total STD Votes 1. Include a “keep the money local” 3 5 5 2.15 28.00 0.80 13 strategy in the local disaster plan. 2. Use a revolving loan fund to - 7 6 2.46 32.00 0.52 13 assist local B&I in recovery. 3. Local governments should use 3 5 5 2.15 28.00 0.80 13 their authority as broadly as broadly as possible during the recovery. 4. Help connect B&I to information and assistance during the recovery. 5. Deploy a business recovery center 1 9 3 2.15 28.00 0.55 13 and facilitate access to the Internet for B&I recovery. 6. Foster business-to-business partnerships. 4 7 2 1.85 24.00 0.69 13
  • 36. E D A D I S A S T E R R E S P O N S E A N D P R E PA R E D N E S S P L A N ( D R P P ) 32 4 . L o c a l & R e g i o n a l f o r B & I R e c o v e r y B a l l o t I t e m s w i t h C o m m e n t s 1. Include a “keep the money local” strategy in the local disaster plan. 2. Use a revolving loan fund to assist local B&I in recovery. 3. Local governments should use their authority as broadly as possible during the recovery. 4. Help connect B&I to information and assistance during the recovery. 5. Deploy a business recovery center and facilitate access to the Internet for B&I recovery. 6. Foster business-to-business partnerships.
  • 37. E D A D I S A S T E R R E S P O N S E A N D P R E PA R E D N E S S P L A N ( D R P P ) 33 3 . S t a t e F o r B & I P r e p a r a t i o n Rate each action or strategy on Benefit and on Difficulty Implementing 1 . S t a t e f o r B & I P r e p a r a t i o n To t a l s F i g u r e 1 6 : S t a t e f o r B & I P r e p a r a t i o n To t a l s Difficulty ImplementingBenefit Average Weighted Totals 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 2.62 1.54 2.23 2.23 2.54 1.77 2.69 1.46 2.15 2.46 Promote B&I disaster preparedness to statewide organizations. Establish incentives to encourage B&I to prepare for disasters. Require all local governments with disaster plans to create a local emergency planning committee (LEPC) and solicit wide participation. Supplement the state disaster plan by including a business and industry section. Help inform the business community about disaster planning. 4.15 4.16 4.46 4.31 4.61 F i g u r e 1 7 : S t a t e f o r B & I P r e p a r a t i o n To t a l s Criteria: Difficulty Benefit Implementing Voting Method: High Med. Low High Med. Low Weighted Avg. # Ballot Items Weight: 1.00 1.00 Total Total Score 1. Supplement the state disaster plan by 2.54 1.77 4.31 4.31 2.15 including a business and industry section. 2. Require all local governments with 2.23 2.23 4.46 4.46 2.23 disaster plans to create a local emergency planning committee (LEPC) and solicit wide participation. 3. Establish incentives to encourage 2.15 2.46 4.61 4.61 2.31 B&I to prepare for disasters. 4. Help inform the business community 2.62 1.54 4.16 4.16 2.08 about disaster planning. 5. Promote B&I disaster preparedness 2.69 1.46 4.15 4.15 2.08 to statewide organizations. Voting Details Criteria Statistic: Mean. Votes Cast: 13, Abstained: 0
  • 38. E D A D I S A S T E R R E S P O N S E A N D P R E PA R E D N E S S P L A N ( D R P P ) 34 2 . S t a t e f o r B & I P r e p a r a t i o n C r i t e r i a : B e n e f i t F i g u r e 1 8 : S t a t e f o r B & I P r e p a r a t i o n C r i t e r i a : B e n e f i t STDAverage Vote Score 0 1 2 3 Promote B&I disaster preparedness to statewide organizations. Establish incentives to encourage B&I to prepare for disasters. Require all local governments with disaster plans to create a local emergency planning committee (LEPC) and solicit wide participation. Supplement the state disaster plan by including a business and industry section. Help inform the business community about disaster planning. Vote Method Low Medium High F i g u r e 1 9 : S t a t e f o r B & I P r e p a r a t i o n C r i t e r i a : B e n e f i t Vote Distribution # Ballot Items L M H Avg. Score Total STD Votes 1. Supplement the state disaster plan by 1 4 8 2.54 33.00 0.66 13 including a business and industry section. 2. Require all local governments with 1 8 4 2.23 29.00 0.60 13 disaster plans to create a local emergency planning committee (LEPC) and solicit wide participation 3. Establish incentives to encourage 3 5 5 2.15 28.00 0.80 13 B&I to prepare for disasters. 4. Help inform the business community - 5 8 2.62 34.00 0.51 13 about disaster planning. 5. Promote B&I disaster preparedness - 4 9 2.69 35.00 0.48 13 to statewide organizations.
  • 39. E D A D I S A S T E R R E S P O N S E A N D P R E PA R E D N E S S P L A N ( D R P P ) 35 3 . S t a t e f o r B & I P r e p a r a t i o n C r i t e r i a : D i f f i c u l t y I m p l e m e n t i n g F i g u r e 2 0 : S t a t e f o r B & I P r e p a r a t i o n C r i t e r i a : D i f f i c u l t y I m p l e m e n t i n g STDAverage Vote Score 0 1 2 3 Promote B&I disaster preparedness to statewide organizations. Establish incentives to encourage B&I to prepare for disasters. Require all local governments with disaster plans to create a local emergency planning committee (LEPC) and solicit wide participation. Supplement the state disaster plan by including a business and industry section. Help inform the business community about disaster planning. Vote Method Low Medium High F i g u r e 2 1 : S t a t e f o r B & I P r e p a r a t i o n C r i t e r i a : D i f f i c u l t y I m p l e m e n t i n g Vote Distribution # Ballot Items L M H Avg. Score Total STD Votes 1. Supplement the state disaster plan by 5 6 2 1.77 23.00 0.73 13 including a business and industry section. 2. Require all local governments with 3 4 6 2.23 29.00 0.83 13 disaster plans to create a local emergency planning committee (LEPC) and solicit wide participation. 3. Establish incentives to encourage 3 1 9 2.46 32.00 0.88 13 B&I to prepare for disasters. 4. Help inform the business community 7 5 1 1.54 20.00 0.66 13 about disaster planning. 5. Promote B&I disaster preparedness. 8 4 1 1.46 19.00 0.66 13 to statewide organizations.
  • 40. E D A D I S A S T E R R E S P O N S E A N D P R E PA R E D N E S S P L A N ( D R P P ) 36 4 . S t a t e f o r B & I P r e p a r a t i o n B a l l o t I t e m s w i t h C o m m e n t s 1. Supplement the state disaster plan by including a business and industry section. 2. Require all local governments with disaster plans to create a local emergency planning committee (LEPC) and solicit wide participation. 3. Establish incentives to encourage B&I to prepare for disasters. 4. Help inform the business community about disaster planning. 5. Promote B&I disaster preparedness to statewide organizations.
  • 41. E D A D I S A S T E R R E S P O N S E A N D P R E PA R E D N E S S P L A N ( D R P P ) 37 4 . S t a t e F o r B & I R e c o v e r y Rate each action or strategy on Benefit and on Difficulty Implementing 1 . S t a t e f o r B & I R e c o v e r y To t a l s F i g u r e 2 2 : S t a t e f o r B & I R e c o v e r y To t a l s Difficulty ImplementingBenefit Average Weighted Totals 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 2.43 2.31 2.57 2.43 2.50 2.43 2.38 2.08 2.71 2.29 Inform B&I about how to go about recovering and the available assistance. Better inform local officials about CDBG Long-Term Economic Development Recovery Funds. Assist specialty businesses (e.g., tourism & farmers) to deal with the unique challenges they face. Help local governments deal with other issues that affect B&I during recovery (i.e., transportation & dependent care). Establish a “quick-response fund” to accelerate community clean up and recovery. Provide expert assistance to smaller businesses in their negotiations with their insurers. Establish a loan program to assist B&I in recovery from disasters. Use mobile offices and command centers to assist B&I. 4.46 2.29 2.00 4.29 4.74 2.57 1.93 4.50 2.71 1.79 4.50 2.57 1.79 4.36 5.00 4.93 5.00 Cultivate a “can-do” attitude among state offices and personnel. F i g u r e 2 3 : S t a t e f o r B & I R e c o v e r y To t a l s Criteria: Difficulty Benefit Implementing Voting Method: High Med. Low High Med. Low Weighted Avg. # Ballot Items Weight: 1.00 1.00 Total Total Score 1. Establish a “quick-response fund” to 2.71 2.29 5.00 5.00 2.50 accelerate community clean up & recovery. 2. Provide expert assistance to smaller businesses 2.50 2.43 4.93 4.93 2.46 in their negotiations with their insurers. 3. Establish a loan program to assist 2.57 2.43 5.00 5.00 2.50 B&I in recovery from disasters. 4. Use mobile offices and command 2.57 1.93 4.50 4.50 2.25 centers to assist B&I. 5. Inform B&I about how to go about 2.57 1.79 4.36 4.36 2.18 recovering and the available assistance. 6. Better inform local officials about 2.71 1.79 4.50 4.50 2.25 CDBG Long-Term Economic Development Recovery Funds. 7. Assist specialty businesses 2.38 2.08 4.46 4.46 2.23 (e.g., tourism and farmers) to deal with the unique challenges they face. 8. Help local governments deal with other 2.29 2.00 4.29 4.29 2.14 issues that affect B&I during recovery (i.e., transportation & dependent care). 9. Cultivate a “can-do” attitude among 2.43 2.31 4.74 4.74 2.37 state offices and personnel. Voting Details Criteria Statistic: Mean. Votes Cast: 14, Abstained: 0
  • 42. E D A D I S A S T E R R E S P O N S E A N D P R E PA R E D N E S S P L A N ( D R P P ) 38 2 . S t a t e f o r B & I R e c o v e r y C r i t e r i a : B e n e f i t F i g u r e 2 4 : S t a t e f o r B & I R e c o v e r y C r i t e r i a : B e n e f i t STDAverage Vote Score 0 1 2 3 Inform B&I about how to go about recovering and the available assistance. Better inform local officials about CDBG Long-Term Economic Development Recovery Funds. Assist specialty businesses (e.g., tourism & farmers) to deal with the unique challenges they face. Help local governments deal with other issues that affect B&I during recovery (i.e., transportation & dependent care). Establish a “quick-response fund” to accelerate community clean up and recovery. Provide expert assistance to smaller businesses in their negotiations with their insurers. Establish a loan program to assist B&I in recovery from disasters. Use mobile offices and command centers to assist B&I. Cultivate a “can-do” attitude among state offices and personnel. Vote Method Low Medium High F i g u r e 2 5 : S t a t e f o r B & I R e c o v e r y C r i t e r i a : B e n e f i t Vote Distribution # Ballot Items L M H Avg. Score Total STD Votes 1. Establish a “quick-response fund” to 1 2 11 2.71 38.00 0.61 14 accelerate community clean up & recovery. 2. Provide expert assistance to 1 5 8 2.50 35.00 0.65 14 smaller businesses in their negotiations with their insurers. 3. Establish a loan program to assist - 6 8 2.57 36.00 0.51 14 B&I in recovery from disasters. 4. Use mobile offices and - 6 8 2.57 36.00 0.51 14 command centers to assist B&I. 5. Inform B&I about how to go about - 6 8 2.57 36.00 0.51 14 recovering and the available assistance. 6. Better inform local officials - 4 10 2.71 38.00 0.47 14 about CDBG Long-Term Economic Development Recovery Funds. 7. Assist specialty businesses 1 6 6 2.38 31.00 0.65 13 (e.g., tourism and farmers) to deal with the unique challenges they face. 8. Help local governments deal with other 2 6 6 2.29 32.00 0.73 14 issues that affect B&I during recovery (i.e., transportation & dependent care). 9. Cultivate a “can-do” attitude among 2 4 8 2.43 34.00 0.76 14 state offices and personnel.
  • 43. E D A D I S A S T E R R E S P O N S E A N D P R E PA R E D N E S S P L A N ( D R P P ) 39 3 . S t a t e f o r B & I R e c o v e r y C r i t e r i a : D i f f i c u l t y I m p l e m e n t i n g F i g u r e 2 6 : S t a t e f o r B & I R e c o v e r y C r i t e r i a : D i f f i c u l t y I m p l e m e n t i n g STDAverage Vote Score 0 1 2 3 Inform B&I about how to go about recovering and the available assistance. Better inform local officials about CDBG Long-Term Economic Development Recovery Funds. Assist specialty businesses (e.g., tourism & farmers) to deal with the unique challenges they face. Help local governments deal with other issues that affect B&I during recovery (i.e., transportation & dependent care). Establish a “quick-response fund” to accelerate community clean up and recovery. Provide expert assistance to smaller businesses in their negotiations with their insurers. Establish a loan program to assist B&I in recovery from disasters. Use mobile offices and command centers to assist B&I. Cultivate a “can-do” attitude among state offices and personnel. Vote Method Low Medium High F i g u r e 2 7 : S t a t e f o r B & I R e c o v e r y C r i t e r i a : D i f f i c u l t y I m p l e m e n t i n g Vote Distribution # Ballot Items L M H Avg. Score Total STD Votes 1. Establish a “quick-response fund” to - 10 4 2.29 32.00 0.47 14 accelerate community clean up & recovery. 2. Provide expert assistance to 1 6 7 2.43 34.00 0.65 14 smaller businesses in their negotiations with their insurers. 3. Establish a loan program to assist. 3 2 9 2.43 34.00 0.85 14 B&I in recovery from disasters. 4. Use mobile offices and 5 5 4 1.93 27.00 0.83 14 command centers to assist B&I. 5. Inform B&I about how to go about 5 7 2 1.79 25.00 0.70 14 recovering and the available assistance. 6. Better inform local officials 6 5 3 1.79 25.00 0.80 14 about CDBG Long-Term Economic Development Recovery Funds. 7. Assist specialty businesses 4 4 5 2.08 27.00 0.86 13 (e.g., tourism and farmers) to deal with the unique challenges they face. 8. Help local governments deal with other 1 12 1 2.00 28.00 0.39 14 issues that affect B&I during recovery (i.e., transportation & dependent care). 9. Cultivate a “can-do” attitude among. 4 1 8 2.31 30.00 0.95 13 state offices and personnel.
  • 44. E D A D I S A S T E R R E S P O N S E A N D P R E PA R E D N E S S P L A N ( D R P P ) 40 4 . S t a t e f o r B & I R e c o v e r y B a l l o t I t e m s w i t h C o m m e n t s 1. Establish a “quick-response fund” to accelerate community clean up and recovery. 2. Provide expert assistance to smaller businesses in their negotiations with their insurers. 3. Establish a loan program to assist B&I in recovery from disasters. 4. Use mobile offices and command centers to assist B&I. 5. Inform B&I about how to go about recovering and the available assistance. 6. Better inform local officials about CDBG Long-Term Economic Development Recovery Funds. 7. Assist specialty businesses (e.g., tourism and farmers) to deal with the unique challenges they face. 8. Help local governments deal with other issues that affect B&I during recovery (i.e., transportation & dependent care). 9. Cultivate a “can-do” attitude among state offices and personnel.
  • 45. E D A D I S A S T E R R E S P O N S E A N D P R E PA R E D N E S S P L A N ( D R P P ) 41 5 . F e d e r a l F o r B & I P r e p a r a t i o n a n d R e c o v e r y Rate each action or strategy on Benefit and on Difficulty Implementing 1 . F e d e r a l f o r B & I P r e p a r a t i o n a n d R e c o v e r y To t a l s F i g u r e 2 8 : F e d e r a l f o r B & I P r e p a r a t i o n a n d R e c o v e r y To t a l s Difficulty ImplementingBenefit Average Weighted Totals 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 2.54 1.85 2.85 2.54 2.15 2.31 2.31 1.77 2.62 2.77 Develop a program that supports the wide range of B&I. Rectify the problems with FEMA recovery and hazard mitigation funding and with programmatic operations When USDA, EDA, and HUD are used to fund long-term economic recovery from disaster, use criteria for eligibility that relate to the disaster and not to normal eligibility requirements. Support the efforts to inform and train B&I regarding disaster readiness and recovery. Support the efforts to market disaster readiness and recovery to B&I. 4.08 4.39 5.39 4.46 5.39 F i g u r e 2 9 : F e d e r a l f o r B & I P r e p a r a t i o n a n d R e c o v e r y To t a l s Criteria: Difficulty Benefit Implementing Voting Method: High Med. Low High Med. Low Weighted Avg. # Ballot Items Weight: 1.00 1.00 Total Total Score 1. Rectify the problems with FEMA 2.62 2.77 5.39 5.39 2.69 recovery and hazard mitigation funding and with programmatic operations. 2. When USDA, EDA, and HUD are used to 2.85 2.54 5.39 5.39 2.69 fund long-term economic recovery from disaster, use criteria for eligibility that. relate to the disaster and not to normal eligibility requirements. 3. Support the efforts to inform and train B&I 2.31 1.77 4.08 4.08 2.04 regarding disaster readiness and recovery. 4. Support the efforts to market disaster 2.54 1.85 4.39 4.39 2.19 readiness and recovery to B&I. 5. Develop a program that supports 2.15 2.31 4.46 4.46 2.23 the wide range of B&I. Voting Details Criteria Statistic: Mean. Votes Cast: 13, Abstained: 0
  • 46. E D A D I S A S T E R R E S P O N S E A N D P R E PA R E D N E S S P L A N ( D R P P ) 42 2 . F e d e r a l f o r B & I P r e p a r a t i o n a n d R e c o v e r y C r i t e r i a : B e n e f i t F i g u r e 3 0 : F e d e r a l f o r B & I P r e p a r a t i o n a n d R e c o v e r y C r i t e r i a : B e n e f i t STDAverage Vote Score 0 1 2 3 Develop a program that supports the wide range of B&I. Rectify the problems with FEMA recovery and hazard mitigation funding and with programmatic operations When USDA, EDA, and HUD are used to fund long-term economic recovery from disaster, use criteria for eligibility that relate to the disaster and not to normal eligibility requirements. Support the efforts to inform and train B&I regarding disaster readiness and recovery. Support the efforts to market disaster readiness and recovery to B&I. Vote Method Low Medium High F i g u r e 3 1 : F e d e r a l f o r B & I P r e p a r a t i o n a n d R e c o v e r y C r i t e r i a : B e n e f i t Vote Distribution # Ballot Items L M H Avg. Score Total STD Votes 1. Rectify the problems with FEMA - 5 8 2.62 34.00 0.51 13 recovery and hazard mitigation funding and with programmatic operations. 2. When USDA, EDA, and HUD are used 1 - 12 2.85 37.00 0.55 13 to fund long-term economic recovery from disaster, use criteria for eligibility that relate to the disaster and not to normal eligibility requirements. 3. Support the efforts to inform - 9 4 2.31 30.00 0.48 13 and train B&I regarding disaster readiness and recovery. 4. Support the efforts to market disaster 1 4 8 2.54 33.00 0.66 13 readiness and recovery to B&I. 5. Develop a program that supports 2 7 4 2.15 28.00 0.69 13 the wide range of B&I.
  • 47. E D A D I S A S T E R R E S P O N S E A N D P R E PA R E D N E S S P L A N ( D R P P ) 43 3 . F e d e r a l f o r B & I P r e p a r a t i o n a n d R e c o v e r y C r i t e r i a : D i f f i c u l t y I m p l e m e n t i n g F i g u r e 3 2 : Fe d e r a l f o r B & I P r e p a r a t i o n a n d R e c o v e r y C r i t e r i a : D i f f i c u l t y I m p l e m e n t i n g STDAverage Vote Score Vote Method Low Medium 0 1 2 3 Develop a program that supports the wide range of B&I. Rectify the problems with FEMA recovery and hazard mitigation funding and with programmatic operations When USDA, EDA, and HUD are used to fund long-term economic recovery from disaster, use criteria for eligibility that relate to the disaster and not to normal eligibility requirements. Support the efforts to inform and train B&I regarding disaster readiness and recovery. Support the efforts to market disaster readiness and recovery to B&I. High F i g u r e 3 3 : Fe d e r a l f o r B & I P r e p a r a t i o n a n d R e c o v e r y C r i t e r i a : D i f f i c u l t y I m p l e m e n t i n g Vote Distribution # Ballot Items L M H Avg. Score Total STD Votes 1. Rectify the problems with FEMA 1 1 11 2.77 36.00 0.60 13 recovery and hazard mitigation funding and with programmatic operations. 2. When USDA, EDA, and HUD are used 2 2 9 2.54 33.00 0.78 13 to fund long-term economic recovery from disaster, use criteria for eligibility that relate to the disaster and not to normal eligibility requirements. 3. Support the efforts to inform 4 8 1 1.77 23.00 0.60 13 and train B&I regarding disaster readiness and recovery. 4. Support the efforts to market disaster 5 5 3 1.85 24.00 0.80 13 readiness and recovery to B&I. 5. Develop a program that supports 2 5 6 2.31 30.00 0.75 13 supports the wide range of B&I.
  • 48. E D A D I S A S T E R R E S P O N S E A N D P R E PA R E D N E S S P L A N ( D R P P ) 44 4 . F e d e r a l f o r B & I P r e p a r a t i o n a n d R e c o v e r y B a l l o t I t e m s w i t h C o m m e n t s 1. Rectify the problems with FEMA recovery and hazard mitigation funding and with programmatic operations. 2. When USDA, EDA, and HUD are used to fund long-term economic recovery from disaster, use criteria for eligibility that relate to the disaster and not to normal eligibility requirements. 3. Support the efforts to inform and train B&I regarding disaster readiness and recovery. 4. Support the efforts to market disaster readiness and recovery to B&I. 5. Develop a program that supports the wide range of B&I. The Recovery and Readiness Strategic Planning Conference is an innovative and informative tool that will continue to be used to address disaster preparedness and recovery in Arkansas. Regional strategies identified and developed through the strategies sessions will aid in community recovery, enhance future economic development opportunities and identify infrastructure needs that will raise the level of readiness for the region. The conference will also be used to further the development of viable regional economic development plans as called for by EDA’s Comprehensive Economic Development Strategies (CEDS) and the Governor’s Strategic Plan. To complement the conference IEA is developing a comparable program to be taken to each of the 8 PDD/EDD interested regions in AR and presented to their boards of directors, regional city and county officials, local business and industry, chambers of commerce and other relevant partners. It is our desire to continue this project since the potential for natural disasters always exists.
  • 49. E D A D I S A S T E R R E S P O N S E A N D P R E PA R E D N E S S P L A N ( D R P P ) 45 The primary focus for the third phase of the EDA DRPP grant was: the role of the community in helping B&I in disaster readiness, preparedness, and recovery. the role of B&I in helping their community in disaster readiness and recovery. the roles of the state and federal entities in helping B&I in disaster readiness and recovery. The Planning and Development Districts were an integral part of the process ensuring that the collaborative strategic work sessions allowed for public participation in the development of the economic readiness and recovery strategies. Building on information gleaned from the Understanding Sessions, the collaborative strategic work sessions were used to identify and prioritize ways that communities and governments can help B&I cope with natural disaster and how B&I can play a significant role in disaster preparedness, clean-up and recovery. Through the implementation of phase three a set of best practices and strategies evolved. A “living document,” subject to change and alteration as different organizations join the process, was used to record the strategies. In the last collaborative work session’s participants reviewed and prioritized the best practices and examined them for gaps and redundancies. The focus throughout was on the region’s identified needs for disaster recovery and preparedness planning and how these relate to regional economic recovery. As a result of this EDA initiative, IEA is positioned to assist with other public sector response actions to disasters across Arkansas. Through our growing partnerships, IEA is facilitating sessions of state V I . C O N C L U S I O N IEA facilitated Recovery and Readiness Understanding Sessions for Arkansas’s eight Planning and Development Districts captured immediate, medium-term and long-term public sector responses to disaster readiness and recovery from local, state, and federal government entities. Responses from the wide range of participants at the Understanding Sessions also confirmed that the disaster readiness and recovery needs of Business and Industry (B&I), except for providing applications for SBA loans after a disaster has occurred, are rarely addressed. Destroyed historical site train depot in Carlisle, AR
  • 50. E D A D I S A S T E R R E S P O N S E A N D P R E PA R E D N E S S P L A N ( D R P P ) 46 agencies’ disaster response efforts. Our partners include Arkansas Economic Development Commission (AEDC), Arkansas Association of Counties (AAC), Arkansas Association of Development Organizations (AADO) Arkansas Department of Environmental Quality (ADEQ), Arkansas Small Business and Technology Development Center (ASBTDC), Arkansas Municipal League (AML), Arkansas Department of Emergency Management (ADEM), Housing and Urban Development (HUD), Small Business Administration (SBA), United States Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) and the University of Arkansas Cooperative Extension Service. This joint programming will strengthen our efforts as IEA works with the PDDs/EDDs to develop effective strategies.
  • 51. Appendices E D A D I S A S T E R R E S P O N S E A N D P R E PA R E D N E S S P L A N ( D R P P )
  • 52. E D A D I S A S T E R R E S P O N S E A N D P R E PA R E D N E S S P L A N ( D R P P ) 48 A P P E N D I X A : S e c t i o n i . F E M A - 1 7 4 4 - D R M a p a n d D e c l a r e d D i s a s t e r s D e s c r i p t i o n s FEMA-1744-DR, Arkansas Disaster Declaration as of 02/20/2008 Yell Polk Scott White Union Pope Clark Lee Drew Ashley Pike Desha ClayBenton Saline Arkansas Logan Izard Pulaski Grant Cross Lonoke Newton Dallas Stone Chicot Jefferson Miller Perry Prairie Sharp Searcy Madison Poinsett Phillips Fulton Garland Boone Sevier Carroll BaxterMarion Ouachita Johnson Bradley Mississippi Washington Jackson Nevada Greene Columbia Monroe Faulkner Calhoun Lincoln Howard Franklin Craighead Van Buren Conway Randolph Hempstead Cleburne Crawford Montgomery Woodruff Lawrence St. Francis Crittenden Cleveland Lafayette Sebastian Hot Spring Independence Little River MS MO LA OK TX TN 20 10 20 305 Miles TX KS IL OK MO NE AR AL IN LA MS GA IA OH FL TN KY MI CO NC VA WV Location Map Legend Designated Counties No Designation Public Assistance Individual Assistance and Public Assistance All counties are eligible for Hazard Mitigation ITS Mapping & Analysis Center Washington, DC 02/20/08 -- 06:45 PM EST Source: Disaster Federal Registry Notice Amendment No. 4 - 02/20/2008 MapID d72e8aacc4e
  • 53. E D A D I S A S T E R R E S P O N S E A N D P R E PA R E D N E S S P L A N ( D R P P ) 49 A P P E N D I X A : S e c t i o n i . F E M A - 1 7 4 4 - D R M a p a n d D e c l a r e d D i s a s t e r s D e s c r i p t i o n s Arkansas Severe Storms, Tornadoes, and Flooding – FEMA-1744-DR Declared February 7, 2008 On February 6, 2008, Governor Mike Beebe requested an expedited major disaster declaration due to flooding, severe thunderstorms, and tornadoes beginning on February 5, 2008, and continuing. The Governor requested a declaration for Individual Assistance and Public Assistance for 10 counties and Hazard Mitigation for all counties. This event was of the severity and magnitude that the need for supplemental Federal assistance was determined to be necessary prior to the completion of joint Federal, State, and local Preliminary Damage Assessments (PDAs). Per 44 C.F.R.§ 206.33(d) and § 206.36(d), the requirement for a joint PDA may be waived for those incidents of such unusual severity and magnitude that formal field damage assessments are not required to establish the need for supplemental Federal assistance under the Stafford Act.1 On February 7, 2008, President Bush declared that a major disaster exists in the State of Arkansas. This declaration made debris removal and emergency protective measures under the Public Assistance program requested by the Governor available to State and eligible local governments and certain private nonprofit organizations on a cost-sharing basis in response to the severe storms, tornadoes, and flooding in Baxter, Conway, Independence, Izard, Pope, Randolph, Sharp, Stone, Union, and Van Buren Counties. Direct Federal assistance also was authorized. Finally, this declaration made Hazard Mitigation Grant Program assistance requested by the Governor available for hazard mitigation measures statewide.2 Summary of Damage Assessment Information Used in Determining Whether to Declare a Major Disaster Individual Assistance • Total Number of Residences Impacted:3 - Destroyed - - Major Damage - - Minor Damage - - Affected - - • Percentage of insured residences:4 - • Percentage of low income households:5 - • Percentage of elderly households:6 - • Total Individual Assistance cost estimate: - Public Assistance • Primary Impact: Debris Removal and Emergency Protective Measures • Total Public Assistance cost estimate: N/A • Statewide per capita impact: 7 - • Statewide per capita impact indicator:8 $1.24 • Countywide per capita impact: -
  • 54. E D A D I S A S T E R R E S P O N S E A N D P R E PA R E D N E S S P L A N ( D R P P ) 50 A P P E N D I X A : S e c t i o n i . F E M A - 1 7 4 4 - D R M a p a n d D e c l a r e d D i s a s t e r s D e s c r i p t i o n s • Countywide per capita impact indicator:9 $3.11 1 The preliminary damage assessment (PDA) process is a mechanism used to determine the impact and magnitude of damage and resulting needs of individuals, businesses, public sector, and community as a whole. Information collected is used by the State as a basis for the Governor’s request for a major disaster or emergency declaration, and by the President in determining a response to the Governor’s request (44 CFR § 206.33). 2 When a Governor’s request for major disaster assistance under the Robert T. Stafford Disaster Relief and Emergency Assistance Act, as amended (Stafford Act) is under review, a number of primary factors are considered to determine whether assistance is warranted. These factors are outlined in FEMA’s regulations (44 CFR § 206.48). The President has ultimate discretion and decision making authority to declare major disasters and emergencies under the Stafford Act (42 U.S.C. § 5170 and § 5191). 3 Degree of damage to impacted residences: o Destroyed – total loss of structure, structure is not economically feasible to repair, or complete failure to major structural components (e.g., collapse of basement walls/foundation, walls or roof); o Major Damage – substantial failure to structural elements of residence (e.g., walls, floors, foundation), or damage that will take more than 30 days to repair; o Minor Damage – home is damaged and uninhabitable, but may be made habitable in short period of time with repairs; and o Affected – some damage to the structure and contents, but still habitable. 4 By law, Federal disaster assistance cannot duplicate insurance coverage (44 CFR § 206.48(b)(5)). 5 Special populations, such as low-income, the elderly, or the unemployed may indicate a greater need for assistance (44 CFR § 206.48(b)(3)). 6 Ibid (44 CFR § 206.48(b)(3)). 7 Based on State population in the 2000 Census. 8 Statewide Per Capita Impact Indicator for FY08, Federal Register, October 1, 2007. 9 Countywide Per Capita Impact Indicator for FY08, Federal Register, October 1, 2007.
  • 55. E D A D I S A S T E R R E S P O N S E A N D P R E PA R E D N E S S P L A N ( D R P P ) 51 A P P E N D I X A : S e c t i o n i i . F E M A - 1 7 5 1 - D R M a p a n d D e c l a r e d D i s a s t e r s D e s c r i p t i o n s Yell Polk Scott White Union Pope Clark Lee Drew Ashley Pike Desha ClayBenton Saline Arkansas Logan Izard Pulaski Grant Cross Lonoke Newton Dallas Stone Chicot Jefferson Miller Perry Prairie Sharp Searcy Madison Poinsett Phillips Fulton Garland Boone Sevier Carroll BaxterMarion Ouachita Johnson Bradley Mississippi Washington Jackson Nevada Greene Columbia Monroe Faulkner Calhoun Lincoln Howard Franklin Craighead Van Buren Conway Randolph Hempstead Cleburne Crawford Montgomery Woodruff Lawrence St. Francis Crittenden Cleveland Lafayette Sebastian Hot Spring Independence Little River MS MO LA TX TN OK FEMA-1751-DR, Arkansas Disaster Declaration as of 05/22/2008 AR MS TX MO OK LA TN AL KS IL KY IN FL Legend ITS Mapping & Analysis Center Washington, DC Location Map 20 10 20 30 Miles MapID 0b9476d8d33 05/23/08 -- 08:00 AM EDT Source: Disaster Federal Registry Notice Amendment No.9 - 05/22/2008 Designated Counties No Designation Public Assistance Individual Assistance Individual Assistance and Public Assistance Public Assistance (Category B), limited to direct Federal assistance All counties are eligible for Hazard Mitigation
  • 56. E D A D I S A S T E R R E S P O N S E A N D P R E PA R E D N E S S P L A N ( D R P P ) 52 A P P E N D I X A : S e c t i o n i i . F E M A - 1 7 5 1 - D R M a p a n d D e c l a r e d D i s a s t e r s D e s c r i p t i o n s Arkansas Severe Storms, Tornadoes, and Flooding – FEMA-1751-DR Declared March 26, 2008 On March 25, 2008, Governor Mike Beebe requested an expedited major disaster declaration due to flooding, severe thunderstorms, and tornadoes beginning on March 18, 2008, and continuing. The Governor requested a declaration for Individual Assistance and Public Assistance, including direct Federal assistance for 35 counties and Hazard Mitigation for all counties. This event was of the severity and magnitude that the need for supplemental Federal assistance was determined to be necessary prior to the completion of joint Federal, State, and local Preliminary Damage Assessments (PDAs). Per 44 C.F.R.§ 206.33(d) and § 206.36(d), the requirement for a joint PDA may be waived for those incidents of such unusual severity and magnitude that formal field damage assessments are not required to establish the need for supplemental Federal assistance under the Stafford Act.1 On March 26, 2008, President Bush declared that a major disaster exists in the State of Arkansas. This declaration made emergency protective measures, limited to direct Federal assistance under the Public Assistance program requested by the Governor available to State and eligible local governments and certain private nonprofit organizations on a cost-sharing basis in response to the severe storms, tornadoes, and flooding in Baxter, Benton, Boone, Carroll, Clay, Conway, Craighead, Crawford, Faulkner, Franklin, Fulton, Greene, Hot spring, Howard, Independence, Izard, Jackson, Johnson, Lawrence, Logan, Madison, Marion, Nevada, Newton, Pope, Randolph, Scott, Searcy, Sharp, Stone, Van Buren, Washington, White, Woodruff, and Yell Counties.2 Summary of Damage Assessment Information Used in Determining Whether to Declare a Major Disaster Individual Assistance • Total Number of Residences Impacted:3 - Destroyed - - Major Damage - - Minor Damage - - Affected - - • Percentage of insured residences:4 - • Percentage of low income households:5 - • Percentage of elderly households:6 - • Total Individual Assistance cost estimate: N/A Public Assistance • Primary Impact: Emergency Protective Measures • Total Public Assistance cost estimate: N/A • Statewide per capita impact: 7 - • Statewide per capita impact indicator:8 $1.24 • Countywide per capita impact: - • Countywide per capita impact indicator:9 $3.11
  • 57. E D A D I S A S T E R R E S P O N S E A N D P R E PA R E D N E S S P L A N ( D R P P ) 53 A P P E N D I X A : S e c t i o n i i . F E M A - 1 7 5 1 - D R M a p a n d D e c l a r e d D i s a s t e r s D e s c r i p t i o n s 1 The preliminary damage assessment (PDA) process is a mechanism used to determine the impact and magnitude of damage and resulting needs of individuals, businesses, public sector, and community as a whole. Information collected is used by the State as a basis for the Governor’s request for a major disaster or emergency declaration, and by the President in determining a response to the Governor’s request (44 CFR § 206.33). 2 When a Governor’s request for major disaster assistance under the Robert T. Stafford Disaster Relief and Emergency Assistance Act, as amended (Stafford Act) is under review, a number of primary factors are considered to determine whether assistance is warranted. These factors are outlined in FEMA’s regulations (44 CFR § 206.48). The President has ultimate discretion and decision making authority to declare major disasters and emergencies under the Stafford Act (42 U.S.C. § 5170 and § 5191). 3 Degree of damage to impacted residences: o Destroyed – total loss of structure, structure is not economically feasible to repair, or complete failure to major structural components (e.g., collapse of basement walls/foundation, walls or roof); o Major Damage – substantial failure to structural elements of residence (e.g., walls, floors, foundation), or damage that will take more than 30 days to repair; o Minor Damage – home is damaged and uninhabitable, but may be made habitable in short period of time with repairs; and o Affected – some damage to the structure and contents, but still habitable. 4 By law, Federal disaster assistance cannot duplicate insurance coverage (44 CFR § 206.48(b)(5)). 5 Special populations, such as low-income, the elderly, or the unemployed may indicate a greater need for assistance (44 CFR § 206.48(b)(3)). 6 Ibid (44 CFR § 206.48(b)(3)). 7 Based on State population in the 2000 Census. 8 Statewide Per Capita Impact Indicator for FY08, Federal Register, October 1, 2007. 9 Countywide Per Capita Impact Indicator for FY08, Federal Register, October 1, 2007.