3. RFID
RFID = Radio Frequency Identification
Electronic labeling and wireless identification of objects using radio
frequency
Tag carries with its information
a serial number
Model number
Color or any other imaginable data
When these tags pass through a field generated by a compatible
reader, they transmit this information back to the reader, thereby
identifying the object
Thursday, October 15, 2015 RFID & ITS APPLICATIONS 3
4. RFID COMPONENTS
A basic RFID system consists of these components:
A programmable RFID tag/inlay for storing item data;
Consisting of an RFID chip for data storage
an antenna to facilitate communication with the RFID chip
A reader/antenna system to interrogate the RFID inlay
Application software and a host computer system
Thursday, October 15, 2015 RFID & ITS APPLICATIONS 4
5. RFID TAG
The RFID tag consists of an integrated circuit (IC) embedded in a thin
film medium.
Information stored in the memory of the RFID chip is transmitted by
the antenna circuit embedded in the RFID inlay via radio frequencies,
to an RFID reader
3 types
Passive
Semi-passive
Active
Thursday, October 15, 2015 RFID & ITS APPLICATIONS 5
6%
23%
24%
29%
6%12%
Types of the
companies
answersing the… E
d…
6. TYPES OF RFID TAGS
Thursday, October 15, 2015 RFID & ITS APPLICATIONS 6
Active Tags
•Use a battery
•communicate over distances
of several meters
Semi-passive Tags
•Contain built-in batteries to
power the chip’s circuitry,
resist interference and
circumvent a lack of power
from the reader signal due
to long distance.
•They are different from
active tags in that they only
transmit data at the time a
response is received
Passive Tags
•Derive their power from the
field generated by the
reader
•without having an active
transmitter to transfer the
information store
7. APPLICATIONS
Frequency Appx. Read
Range
Data Speed Cost of
Tags
Application
Low Frequency
(125kHz)
<5cm
(passive)
Low High • Animal Identification
• Access Control
High Frequency
(13.56 Mhz)
10 cm – 1m
(passive)
Low to
Moderate
Mediu
m to
Low
• Smart Cards
• Payment (paywave)
Ultra High
Frequency (433,
868-928 Mhz)
3m -7m
(passive)
Moderate to
High
Low • Logistics and Supply
Chain
• Baggage Tracking
Microwave (2.45
& 5.8 Ghz)
10m -15m
(passive)
20m – 40m
(active)
High High • Electronic toll
collection (Autotoll)
• Container Tracking
Thursday, October 15, 2015 RFID & ITS APPLICATIONS 7
Frequency of RFID tags in different applications
8. CURRENT APPLICATIONS
Thursday, October 15, 2015 RFID & ITS APPLICATIONS 8
Application Segment Representative Applications Competitive Technologies Current Penetration Typical Tag Type
Access Control Doorway entry Other keyless entry technologies High Passive
Asset Tracking Locating tractors within a freight
yard
None Low Active
Asset Tagging Tracking corporate computing
systems
Bar Code Low Passive
Authentication Luxury goods counterfeit prevention Holograms Low Passive
Baggage Tracking Positive bag matching Bar Code, Optical Character Recognition Low Passive
POS Applications SpeedPass Credit Cards, Smart Cards, Wireless Phones Medium Passive
SCM (Container Level) Tracking containers in shipping
terminals
GPS-based Systems Low Active
SCM (Pallet Level) Tracking palletized shipments Bar Code Minimal Active, Passive
SCM (Item Level) Identifying individual items Bar Code Minimal Passive
Vehicle Identification Electronic toll collection Bar Code, License plate, reader systems Medium Active, Passive
9. APPLICATIONS
Credit Cards with RFID
(Paywave function)
Octopus (Smart Card)
Thursday, October 15, 2015 RFID & ITS APPLICATIONS 9
11. ONLINE SURVEY
Target: SME
Information: Opinion on RFID and its applications
Site:
http://qtrial.qualtrics.com/SE/?SID=SV_9N5UPRZuyuWtsk4
Thursday, October 15, 2015 RFID & ITS APPLICATIONS 11
12. SURVEY RESULT
Thursday, October 15, 2015 RFID & ITS APPLICATIONS 12
Frequency Appx. Read
Range
Data Speed Cost of
Tags
Application
Low Frequency
(125kHz)
<5cm
(passive)
Low High • Animal Identification
• Access Control
High Frequency
(13.56 Mhz)
10 cm – 1m
(passive)
Low to
Moderate
Mediu
m to
Low
• Smart Cards
• Payment (paywave)
Ultra High
Frequency (433,
868-928 Mhz)
3m -7m
(passive)
Moderate to
High
Low • Logistics and Supply
Chain
• Baggage Tracking
Microwave (2.45
& 5.8 Ghz)
10m -15m
(passive)
20m – 40m
(active)
High High • Electronic toll
collection (Autotoll)
• Container Tracking
Frequency of RFID tags in different applications
15. CONCLUSION
Positive
RFID is a contactless reading technology and can read through other
materials
Hold more data than barcode does
RFID tags data can be changed or added
More effective, bring lots of convenience to us
Negative
Cost is relatively remain high (compare to barcode)
RFID signals may have problems with some materials
RFID standards are still being developed
Thursday, October 15, 2015 RFID & ITS APPLICATIONS 15
