Petroleum coke can contain vanadium, a toxic metal. Vanadium was found in the dust collected in occupied dwellings near the petroleum coke stored next to the Detroit River. Vanadium is toxic in tiny quantities, 0.8 micrograms per cubic meter of air, according to the EPA
2. البترول تكرير نواتج من ناتج البترولي الكوك فحم
.
بالبيئ الضارة األخرى والمعادن الكبريت من عالية نسب علي يحتوي
ة
.
نسب وجود
عاليه
اكاسي ينتج حيث استعماله لمنع سبب الكبريت من
د
بالبيئة بليغا ضررا تمثل التي الكبريت
.
Sulfur oxide refers to many types such as SO, SO2, SO3, S7O2,
S6O2, S2O2, etc
يخضع لذلك البترولي الكوك لفحم السعرية القيمة من يقلل عالية بنسب الكبريت وجود
الكبريت من للتخلص معالجة لعمليات
.
تتم الكبريت من التخلص عملية
باحدي
االتية الطرق
:
Solvent extraction :
Using organic solvents to dissolve sulfur present in
petcoke such as phenols and nitrobenzene, p-cresol
and Xylene .
Thermal desulphurization:
process whereby a fixed static bed of petcoke is heated
under atmospheric pressure in an inert atmosphere to a
specified temperature and then kept at that temperature
for a specified period of time.
Treatment with alkali metal compounds:
Coke may be desulfurized by treatment with an alhali
metal compound. More than 98% sulphur can be
removed using NaOH, Na2CO3 and K2CO3.
3. References
T. Reis; To coke, desulfurize and calcine, Part 2: Coke quality and its control, Hydrocarbon
Processing, June 1975, pp. 97–104.
R. A. Meyers, Handbook of petroleum refinery processes, McGraw-Hill Book Co., New York
Petroleum coke can contain vanadium, a toxic metal.
Vanadium was found in the dust collected in occupied
dwellings near the petroleum coke stored next to the
Detroit River. Vanadium is toxic in tiny quantities, 0.8
micrograms per cubic meter of air, according to the EPA.
4. contain the following:
Wood charcoal
Coal
Limestone (CaCO3)
Starch
Borax (Na2B4O7·10H2O)
Sodium nitrate (NaNO3 )
Sawdust
Lighter fluid
** These chemicals act as binder
http://amazingribs.com/tips_and_technique/zen_of_charcoal.html
5. Charcoal briquettes
التصنيع عملية اثناء كيميائية مواد إضافة يوضح مثال
• Made from the sawdust of scrap wood Combined with chemical binders and filler
(including coal dust) and manually compressed into their characteristic pillow
shapes.
the sawdust arrives in a conveyor (A) and then enters a huge rotating barrel (B) for
tumble drying that takes the moisture down to about 35%.
Then it goes into special ovens called retorts (C).
Once the char is cooked it is crushed and mixed with small amounts of anthracite coal
(almost pure carbon), mineral charcoal (a form of charcoal found in coal mines), starch,
sodium nitrate, limestone, borax, and sawdust.
6.
How are small circular charcoal discs
formed?
These items are in fact a combination of charcoal and a
number of other ingredients that are moulded together
into specific shapes. The precise components used vary
from product to product, but they can include
ingredients such as sawdust and sodium nitrate. These
additions are used as binders, to improve ignition and to
promote steady burning, as well as to make the
manufacturing process more efficient.
والنش الصوديوم نترات مثل كيميائية مواد تصنيعه في يدخل
ا
7.
8. Activated carbon is usually derived from charcoal and is sometimes utilized
as biochar. Those derived from coal and coke are referred as activated
coal and activated coke respectively.
Applications:
9. iPack Trading Establishment
Kuwait Ferro Alloys
Al Baraka International Commercial Co.
Dera Al Dogha General Trading Co. Ltd.
Abo Tammam Gen. Trd. & Cont. Co. Ltd.
Al Qaterra Al Alamiya Transport Co.
Kuwait Agriculture Company
Al Jisr International Trading Co.
klmat International Company
Gulf Resources Gen. Trd. & Cont. Co.