3. An effective care to prevent and manage
complications during ANC, labor and delivery, and
postnatal likely to have a significant impact on
reducing maternal deaths, stillbirths and early
neonatal deaths.
Besides the maternal and perinatal mortality
burden during labor and the early postnatal period;
the high neonatal and U5 mortality should
equivocally be addressed.
Hence the standardization of MNCH services are
vital important.
3
4. By the end of the training; participants would be able
to
understand and list the national MNCH operation
standard.
describe the implementation guidance of the
MNCH chapter.
have a good knowledge to apply on how to use
the MNCH checklists and measures of indicators.
(Monitoring and evaluation tool)
4
5. 1. The hospital ANC unit provides individualized,
client centered and evidence based care to clients on
all working days and high risk mothers should be seen
in the referral clinic.
2. The hospital should ensure provision of
Comprehensive Emergency Maternal and Newborn
Care (CEmONC) services
3. The hospital should ensure women and child
friendly services at all MNCH units including pain
management.
5
6. 4. The hospital ensures all equipment, essential
drugs, supplies and reference materials are available
in maternity and pediatric units
5. The hospital should ensure the provision of
intrapartum care as per national protocols
6. The hospital should provide comprehensive
postnatal care in the facility as per national standards
7. The hospital should ensure provision of family
planning (with focus on long term methods) and
comprehensive abortion care services following the
national guideline and policies.
6
7. 8. Maternity and pediatric units should undertake CQI
activities by conducting regular review meetings and
audit programmers.
9. Hospitals have established separate pediatric OPD,
emergency and triage services.
10. Hospitals have comprehensive Neonatal Care
service that includes NICU, KMC, mother’s room and
isolation rooms.
11. Hospitals have separate Pediatric Wards
composed of separate critical, general, SAM, isolation
and procedure rooms.
12. Midwives should implement the midwifery
process at all hospitals for all admitted patients.
7
8. Content
Roles and Responsibilities
Rules and Norms
ANC
Labour and Delivery
Postnatal Ward
Caesarean Section
Maternity waiting rooms
Case management
Family Planning Services
Comprehensive abortion services
8
9. The unit will be led by obstetrician and gynecologist
or IESO and he/or she will be responsible for ;
Planning and monitoring
Arrange training
Prepare schedule for the unit
Ensure availability of drugs, Supplies and
equipment
Ensure the proper Handover mechanisms
Auditing of service quality
Report and action Plan.
9
10. ANC unit, labor and delivery ward, and postnatal
ward
Easily accessible*
MNCH rooms should be clean, well ventilated,
illuminated and the temperature should be
comfortable for laboring mothers.1
Mothers should be treated with respect and dignity
Respectful maternity and newborn care norms
should be applied to all clients 1
Pain should be managed appropriately
10
11. Pain should be managed appropriately
Maternity unit should do Audits regularly
Audit every month. (eg. Evidence based care
-) MDSR-immediately within 72 hours),and
the other audit as specified.
Client/mom’s satisfaction survey every 3
months-
The audit and satisfaction survey data should
be displayed and visible for action and usable
Case Based Discussion (CBD) for complicated
and reportable cases should be held at least
every week
11
12. Community involvement at least once every 3
months.
Midwives should implement the midwifery process
at all hospitals for all admitted patients.
12
13. ANC service open throughout working days by
skilled professionals
All service providers trained on FANC.
Universal Iron Folate supplementation for 3 months
should be given at their first ANC visit
Laboratory investigation result should be available
within the same day of sample collected
All ANC services should be delivered free of charge
including U/S.
All ANC services delivered should be evidence
based as to the guideline and updates,
13
14. HIV positive pregnant and lactating mothers and
their exposed infants should get option B+
guideline
DBS should be done preferable at 6 weeks of age in
the MNCH clinic.
Mother-infant pair cohort should be followed for
18 months and documentation in the register
should be proper.
Partners’ testing should be encourage in all means.
Referral clinic should be staffed by obstetrician or
IESO and high risk mothers should be referred to.
14
15. All mothers who come for ANC should be
counseled on
birth preparedness, complication readiness,
and danger signs
immunization,
infant feeding,
family planning,
HIV, and
nutrition.
Mothers better be allowed to hold their ANC
follow up summary form* after 36 weeks.
15
16. Is the time between the first stage to third stage of
delivery.
Laboring mothers triage protocol should be available
and addresses the following major area;
Laboring mothers should be allowed to go
directly to the labor ward.
Triage/reception with clear admission criteria.
Log book at triaging site or reception for
laboring mothers who are in false or latent phase
of labor.
Rapid assessment tool and client flow in labor
and delivery posted at reception and emergency
triage.
16
18. Flow chart for triage and registration of laboring
mothers
18
19. • Rooms clean, well ventilated, illuminated and the
temperature should be comfortable for laboring
mothers.1
• Emergency drug cabinet should be available with
essential drugs labeled and the expire date
updated.
• Functional refrigerator with temperature
monitoring chart.
• All essential functional medical equipment. 2
• Functional clock, weighing scale, head lamp and
tape meter.
19
20. • Sufficient space to the standard *
• Allow Oral fluids and light food during labor.
• Allow the accompany of Family member/support
person
• Functional bathroom and toilets with door with
hand washing basin and soap- for mother and
accompany
• Running water and soap for hand washing for the
staff.
20
21. • At least four beds for first stage of labor and two
delivery coaches for second stage of labor.
• ICU or HDU available near the nursing station for
seriously ill patients.
• Partograph: Complete and consistently be used for
all laboring mothers in active phase.
• Third stage labor should be managed actively.
21
22. Documentation should be clear and complete and
check weather the following items are in the record
• Date and time of admission,
• Identification and previous obstetric history,
• Vital sign at admission findings of BP, PR, Temperature,
• lie and presentation,
• FHB,
• uterine contraction,
• cervical status (dilatation and effacement),
• membrane status (intact or ruptured),
• molding and
• station should be documented.
22
23. Laboratory investigation should be done for laboring
mother at presentation
• HGB,
• blood GP and RH,
• VDRL for syphilis and
• HIV testing should be done for all and
The safety assessment checklist should be done
• Safe childbirth check list should be used for all.
• Delivery coach is comfortable with all accessories
and
• Mothers are allowed to deliver in their preferred
position.
23
24. • Routine immediate essential new born care should
be available-1
• All midwives should be trained on Helping Babies
Breath (HBB)
• NICU should be available for advanced care and
should be adjacent to labor ward.
• Delivery summary should be completely filled on
form.
24
25. • The post-natal beds should be clean and
comfortable with accessories and bed sheet.
• Comprehensive post-natal care for at least
24hrs
• Maternal BP, PR, temperature, uterine tone
(contraction), vaginal bleeding checked
every 15min for the first 2hrs.
• Neonates are checked for breathing normal,
color; pulse rate, breast feeding and cord
tie security.
25
26. Mother should be counseled for danger signs for
mother :
• vaginal bleeding,
• fever,
• foul smelling vaginal discharge,
• severe abdominal pain,
• safe sex,
• abnormal body movement and
26
27. neonate:;
failure to suck,
jaundice,
Cyanosis-bluish discoloration
fever,
abnormal body movement,
difficulty of breathing
27
28. Fully functional operating theatre with staff should
have;
• one table dedicated for cesarean section and it
should be adjacent to the labor and delivery ward.
• Appropriate and adequate cesarean section team
member available 24/7;
OBY/GYN or IESO,
anesthetist,
scrub nurses and
All essential drugs and functional equipment for
cesarean section
28
29. • Safe surgery check list used for all
surgeries-1
• Documentation complete for all cesarean
sections-2
• Conduct Cesarean section Audit every three
month and as necessary.
• Rate and indications for C/S should be
displayed in white board every month. -*
• Spinal anesthesia used in the absence of
contraindication
29
30. Definition:
“Residential facilities where mothers who live
remotely can wait before giving birth at a health
facility.” national
The admission criteria for MWH
any mother who is pregnant for >8 months,
irrespective of her gravidity, parity, medical
and obstetrical history but who resided >10
Km distances.
30
31. Background overview
The clinical causes of most maternal deaths in
Ethiopia are;
• hemorrhage,
• anemia,
• eclampsia,
• obstructed labor and
• unsafe abortion.
All of these complications are preventable and hence
should be managed with evidence based care as to
the national guideline.
31
32. Family planning clients shall receive information,
education and counseling on;*
Sexual and reproductive health,
family planning and
STI/HIV/AIDS.
• Ensure the accessibility and availability of full range
of family planning services with particular
emphasis on long term methods.
• FP Services delivery should be patient centered,
evidence based, timely, and clients should be well
informed about the benefit and adverse effect.
• Document the clients’ decision and preference of
the method
32
33. • Staffs should have received;
• appropriate training,
• demonstrate competent skills and
• the services should be evidence based
including use of national guideline and
policies.*
33
34. The abortion care services provided to women, as
permitted by law, are safe, affordable and accessible
to
Reduce deaths and disability from unsafe
abortion and complications through effective
management and/or stabilization and referral
34
35. Integrating abortion care services into other
sexual and reproductive health services.
Help women to;
Make free and informed decisions regarding their
pregnancy,
be more informed about health services and
follow up care needed, and
feel more emotionally comfortable with their decisions,
Through supportive, nondirective reproductive
health counseling
35
36. Prevent unwanted pregnancies through
contraceptive services, including counseling and
method provision
All working staffs should
receive appropriate training ,
demonstrate competent skills and
the services should be evidence based including use of
national guideline and policies.
The hospital should also ensure availability of safe
abortion services including medical and surgical
options as permitted by the law.
36
38. Pediatric triage is separate from central triage
Emergency treatment room set next to the triage
area
ETAT trained professionals and active ETAT
service
Drugs, equipment and supplies available and
labeled (annexed)
Necessary guidelines and job aids available
Emergency lab tests (Hgb, BG, Cross m, glucose,
BF)
Further management by a senior professional
38
39. Separate from adult OPD
Adjacent to the pediatric emergency room
Emphasis on IMNCI target diseases (U5)1
Space requirements, equipment and guidelines2
Play ground
Physicians or IMNCI trained professionals should
manage children under 5 years
Components of pediatric OPD:
ORT corner
Regular OPD rooms
Pediatric specialty clinics including pediatric ART
room
39
40. Adjacent to the Labor Ward
Components:
NICU
KMC room
Mothers’ waiting rooms
Isolation room for infectious cases
Resuscitation/procedure room
Essential drugs, supplies and equipment available
Trained professionals
NB care GLs and job aids (updated)
40
41. Providing all the primary series of vaccinations
Supply of all the primary vaccines maintained
Cold chain and storage of vaccines as per NGL
EPI GLs and job aids
MCH nurse(s) with special training in EPI
41
42. Separate from adult wards
Components:
Therapeutic feeding room (complicated SAM)
Pediatric ICU or at least dedicated room for critically
ill children adjacent to nurses station
Isolation room for children with communicable
diseases (e.g measles)
Procedure/ resuscitation room with good light
source
Room (or corner for primary hospitals) for pediatric
surgical cases
Essential supplies, drugs and equipment (annexed)
42
43. Case management GLs available
Child friendly room paintings
In-patient care guidance
Frequency of sick child evaluation by
physician/nurse and documentation
Vital signs monitoring
Emphasis for nutritional and pain
management
43
44. Proportion of HWs
assigned at
pediatric triage and
emergency unit
trained in ETAT
# of HWS with ETAT
training/Total # of HWs
assigned to the
unit*100
Bi-annually
A) A) Cumulative # of
LBW newborns
admitted to the
KMC room
B) B) Survival rate of
LBW (<2000gr)
newborns admitted
to the KMC room
A) Total number of LBW
NBs admitted to the
KMC room from
beginning of year to
end of reporting period
B) # of LBW NBs admitted
to KMC room that
survived/Total # of NBs
admitted to KMC
room*100
Quarterly KMC register
44
45. Proportion of
children admitted
to pediatric wards
for whom vital
signs are
measured Q 6hrs
# of charts with
documented v/s q
6hrs/Total # of
charts
assessed*100
Quarterly Patient
charts
Proportion of U5
children admitted
to the ward for
whom growth
monitoring is
done
# of charts with
documented
growth
monitoring/Total
# of charts
assessed*100
Quarterly Patient
charts
45
46. Case fatality rate
for newborns
NB deaths in the past
3 months in the
hospital/Total # of
hospitalized NBs in the
same period*100
Every 3
months
HMIS register
% of essential
drugs and
equipment
available in the
pediatric
emergency unit
Number of essential
drugs and equipment
available in the
pediatric
emergency/Total
number of essential
drugs and equipment
listed in the annex*100
Every 6
months
46
47. Appendix 1: List of Emergency Drugs and Equipment for Child
health
Appendix 2: List of NICU equipment and essential drugs for child
health
Appendix 3: List of guidelines and job aids for child health
Appendix 4: List of pediatric ARVs and OI drugs
Appendix 5: Facility, Supplies and Equipment for Pediatric OPD and
ART Clinic
Appendix 6: Facility, Supplies and Equipment for Pedia
47
48. Checklist & Indicators to measure attainment
of each Operational Standard.
48
Note:
* Definition: * Easily accessible -The maternity unit should be in the ground,
*should be clearly visible from the entry of the compound,
*The path should be accessible for the ambulance.
Respect and dignity : All women have privacy around the time of clinical evaluation , and their confidentiality is respected
-No woman is subjected to mistreatment such as physical, sexual or verbal abuse, discrimination, neglect, detainment, extortion or denial of services
Note:
Direct cause of maternal deaths like PPH, Pre-eclampsia, Eclampsia, C-S, Obstructed labor, Anemia management in ANC and L&D,
Note:
Note:
Note:
Note:
* ANC Summary form will be prepared ahead and distributed
Note:
Note:
Note:
Note:
If there is AC, the room temperature should be adjusted to the mothers comfort.
Annexed drug list in participant manual Page:
Note:
1- Instruct one of the participant to read the sufficient space standard from the manual
Note:
1-Refer the number of bed availability as to the primary and referral hospitals
ICU-For secondary and tertiary hospitals
HDU- High dependency unit: for primary hospitals
Note:
Note:
Note:
Mention or list the essential new born care components
Note:
Note:
Note:
Note:
Note:
See safe surgical checklist from the participant manual.
Documentation includes;
-indication and evidences for C-section,
-time of decision and incision and surgeon and operation note with the outcome and name with signature of the Surgeon
*- The rate and indication summary should be posted every month in OR, labor and delivery unit.
Note:
Note:
Note:
* -Refer the national guideline of the SRH, FP and STI
Note:
*-Assure the quality with national audit tool
Note:
Note:
Note:
Note:
Child will be treated in the emergency room for a maximum of 24 hrs. After stabilization of the child, a more senior person should be consulted for further management.
IMNCI target diseases: conditions affecting the young infant; pneumonia, diarrhea, fever (malaria, measles), SAM, ear infections, conditions causing anemia
Spacious waiting area in the corridor of the OPD is arranged with chairs/benches for patients/parents
Specialty clinics: cardiac, renal, neurologic, chest, etc
Note:
Vaccines should be stored and caried at temperature of 2-8 deg cent
Children admitted to the wards should be evaluated by physicians (preferably pediatricians) on daily basis ( twice per day for critical children)
Critically sick children should be evaluated by registered clinical nurses every 4 hours
Vital signs should be measured every 6 hours for admitted children (more frequently if ordered by a physician)