brachial plexus and its injuries for students

1. DR RUCHIRA SETHI

2. BRACHIAL = RELATED TO ARM
PLEXUS = NETWORK
BRACHIAL PLEXUS=
network of nerves supplying cutaneous and muscular innervations to
upper limb
Supplies all the muscles of
Upper limb except
Levator Scapulae and
Trapezius

3. FORMATION AND TYPES OF BP
Formed by anterior primary rami of C5,C6,C7,C8,T1 spinal
nerve( some contribution from C4 and T2)
PRE-FIXED PLEXUS-
if contribution from C4 >T2
POST FIXED PLEXUS–
if contribution from T2>C4

4. COMPONENTS
ROOTS----5(neck)
TRUNKS---3(neck)
DIVISIONS—2(behind clavicle)
CORDS-------3(under clavicle)
BRANCHES---5 Terminal Branches
ReallyTired Drink Coffee Black

7. BRANCHES
(To rhomboids muscle)
(To serratus anterior)
BRANCHES

8. Sensory to shoulder jt.&
Motor to supra and
infraspinatus msl.)
To subclavius msl)

9. ERB’S POINT AND PARALYSIS
Upper plexus injury

10. ADDUCTION of arm
MEDIAL ROTATION of arm
EXTENSION of elbow
PRONATION of forearm
LOSS OF SENSATION on outer aspect of arm

11. FROM LATERALCORD (C5, C6,C7)
L– Lateral pectoral n.(pectoralis major/minor)
M– Musculocutaneous n.(msls. Of arm)
L- Lateral root of median n. (msls of forearm)
FROM MEDIAL CORD(C8,T1)
M- medial pectoral nerve( pectoralis major/minor)
M- medial cut n of arm
M-medial cut n of forearm
M-medial root of median nerve (msls of forearm)
U-ulnar nerve (intrinsic msls of hand)

12. FROMPOSTERIOR CORD
L– lower subscapular (C5,C6)
U- upper subscapular (C5,C6)
N-nerve to latissimus dorsi (C5,6,7)
A-axillary n.(C5,C6)
R- radial n.(C5-T1)

13. KLUMPKE’S PARALYSIS C8,T1
LOWER PLEXUS INJURY
Claw hand
Loss of sensation on medial side of
Arm and forearm
Horner’s syndrome- ptosis, anhydrosis,
Enopthalmos, miosis ( this occurs due
To involvement of sympathetic
Fibers leaving through T1