ROLL OF GOVT

1. Role of Govt. in Technology-
Science,
Technology and Innovation
Policy
Group 6 - Priyanka Kumari (73) , Reena Bh , Nakul Jain, Kuber ,
Rajeev Tripathi
MBA (WE) IP University

2. Presentation Flow
Technology - Nakul Jain
Role of Govt. in technology - Reena
Innovation policy - Priyanka Kumari
Role of govt in science - Kuber and Rajeev

3. Introduction – Technology Policy
 Technology is the basis of economic progress
 Technology advances are influencing life-styles as well as societal expectations
 The use and development of technology must relates to people’s aspirations.
 India’s need is Technological self-reliance, a swift and tangible improvement in the
conditions of the weakest sections of the population and the speedy development of the
backward regions.
Nakul Jain (10516688521)

4. Flow of Technology
Nakul Jain (10516688521)

5. Technology and Government
Nakul Jain (10516688521)

6. Technology Policy of India - Timeline
Nakul Jain (10516688521)
1958
(1st Policy)
India’s 1st Scientific
Policy Resolution
(SPR)
It put emphasis on
developing and
making available
the basic
infrastructure for
the development of
scientific research
1983
(2nd Policy)
India’s 1st
Technology Policy
Statement (TPS)
New Policy, focused
on the need to
attain technology
competence and
self reliance
2003
(3rd Policy)
This new policy
(STP) wanted to
bring Science and
Technology
together to bring
higher investment
into R&D.
It is created to
address national
problems and same
time create a
national Innovation
system
2013
(4th Policy)
Science-tech policy
with additional of
Innovation (STI).
This is made to
ensure faster,
sustainable, and
inclusive
development of the
people
Made by
Department of
science and
Technology, New
Delhi
2020
(5th Policy)
STIP 2020 by way
of its decentralized,
bottom-up, and
inclusive design
process
It aims to re-
strategize priorities,
sectoral focus, and
methods of
research and
technology
development for
larger socio-
economic welfare.
*2010-2020 – India has declared this as “Decade of Innovation”

7. 5th STI Policy 2020/21
Nakul Jain (10516688521)
 The Government of India will launch its 5th National
Science, Technology and Innovation (STI) Policy, a
holistic and pragmatic policy.
 The policy aims to reorient Science Technology &
Innovation (STI) in terms of priorities, sectoral focus,
and strategies.
 The 5th National STIP is initiated jointly by the Office of
the Principal Scientific Adviser (Office of PSA) and the
Department of Science and Technology (DST).
 Unlike previous STI policies which were largely top-
driven in the formulation, this policy follows core
principles of being decentralized, evidence-informed,
bottom-up, experts-driven, and inclusive.

8. Vision for 5th STI Policy?
 The STIP will be guided by its broad vision of
 Achieving technological self-reliance and position India among the top three scientific
superpowers in the decade to come
 To attract, nurture, strengthen and retain critical human capital through a ‘people centric’
science, technology and innovation (STI) ecosystem,
 To double the number of Full-Time Equivalent (FTE) researchers, Gross Domestic
Expenditure on R&D (GERD) and private sector contribution to the GERD every 5 years and
 To build individual and institutional excellence in STI with the aspiration to achieve the
highest level of global recognition and awards in the coming decade.
Nakul Jain (10516688521)

9. Need for 5th STI Policy?
 The 5th Science, Technology, and Innovation Policy is drafted to bring profound
changes via
 short-term
 medium-term
 long-term
 Mission mode projects by building a nurtured ecosystem that promotes research and
innovation on the part of both individuals and organizations.
Nakul Jain (10516688521)

10. Aim of 5th STI Policy
 It aims to foster, develop, and nurture a robust system for evidence and stakeholder-
driven STI planning, information, evaluation, and policy research in India.
 The policy also identifies and addresses the strengths and weaknesses of the Indian
STI ecosystem to catalyze socio-economic development of India and to make the
Indian STI ecosystem globally competitive.
 It also aims to bring in the concept of dynamic policy with a robust policy governance
mechanism incorporating features such as implementation strategy, periodic review,
policy evaluation, feedback, and adaptation, and most importantly, a timely exit
strategy for various policy instruments.
Nakul Jain (10516688521)

11. Key Components of 5th STI Policy
 It proposes an Open Science Framework, with free access for all to findings from
publicly funded research.
 One Nation, One Subscription: The idea is to democratize science by providing access
to scholarly knowledge to not just researchers but to every individual in the country.
 It suggests modification or waiver of General Financial Rules (GFR), for large-scale
mission mode programmes and projects of national importance.
Nakul Jain (10516688521)

12. Key Features of 5th STI Policy (1/5)
 STI Development Bank: The policy also envisages the formation of an STI Development
Bank for direct investments on various long and medium-term projects in select
strategic areas, commercial ventures, start-ups, technology diffusion and licensing.
 LGBTQ+ representation and retention in STI: the draft policy states that the lesbian, gay,
bisexual, transgender, queer (LGBTQ+) community will be included in gender equity
conversations with special provisions to safeguard its members’ rights and promote their
representation and retention in STI.
 Dedicated portal: A dedicated portal to provide access to the outputs of such publicly-
funded research will be created through the Indian Science and Technology Archive of
Research (INDSTA).
Nakul Jain (10516688521)

13. Key Features of 5th STI Policy (2/5)
 National STI Observatory:
 The policy will lead to the establishment of a National STI Observatory that will act as a central
repository for all kinds of data related to and generated from the STI ecosystem.
 It will encompass an open centralized database platform for all financial schemes, programmes,
grants and incentives existing in the ecosystem.
 Open Science Framework: As per the daft policy, an all-encompassing Open Science
Framework will be built to provide access to scientific data, information, knowledge and
resources to everyone in the country and all who are engaging with the Indian STI
ecosystem on an equal partnership basis.
Nakul Jain (10516688521)

14. Key Features of 5th STI Policy (3/5)
 Access to journals: STIP also proposes to create pathways for the government to
negotiate with journal publishers for a “one nation, one subscription” policy, whereby, in
return for a centrally-negotiated payment, all individuals in the country will have access to
journal articles.
 Improve STI education: Proposed policy also talks about strategies to improve STI
education, making it inclusive at all levels and more connected with the economy and
that the society will be developed through processes of skill building, training and
infrastructure development.
 It also proposes to establish education research centres (ERCs) and collaborative research
centres (CRCs) to provide research inputs to policymakers and bring together stakeholders.
Nakul Jain (10516688521)

15. Key Features of 5th STI Policy (4/5)
 STI units in various agencies: In order to expand the financial landscape of the STI
ecosystem, each department or ministry in the central, state and local governments,
public sector enterprises, private sector companies and startups will set up an STI unit
each with a minimum earmarked budget to pursue STI activities.
 States to earmark percentage of the state allocation for STI-related activities: the draft
policy also states that each state will earmark a percentage of the state allocation for
STI-related activities under a separate budget head.
 Foreign Multi National Companies (MNCs) will collaborate with domestic private and public
sector entities on projects aligned to national needs and priorities
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16. Key Features of 5th STI Policy (5/5)
 Hybrid funding models: It also proposes that hybrid funding models with enhanced
participation from public and private sectors will be created through the Advanced
Missions in Innovative Research Ecosystem (ADMIRE) initiative.
 Research and Innovation Excellence Frameworks (RIEF): It will be developed to enhance
the quality of research along with the promotion of engagements with the relevant
stakeholders
 Dynamic policy: It also aims to bring in the concept of ‘dynamic policy’ with a robust
policy governance mechanism incorporating features such as implementation strategy,
periodic review, policy evaluation, feedback, and adaptation, and most importantly, a
timely exit strategy for various policy instruments.
Nakul Jain (10516688521)

17. Significance of 5th STI Policy
 As India and the world reorient in the present context of the COVID-19 crisis, a new
Science, Technology, and Innovation Policy (STIP) was initiated at this crucial juncture
during mid-2020.
 For India to march ahead on a sustainable development pathway to include economic
development, social inclusion and environmental sustainability for achieving an
“Atmanirbhar Bharat”, a greater emphasis may be needed on promoting traditional
knowledge systems, developing indigenous technologies and encouraging grassroots
innovations.
 The emergence of disruptive and impactful technologies poses new challenges and
simultaneously greater opportunities.
Nakul Jain (10516688521)

18. Technology Development and Indigenization
 India is largely dependent on the import of technologies in the priority sectors.
 Major hurdles for India in achieving technology indigenization are: unbalanced
allocation of resources between academic and Post-academic Research (PAR),
unavailability of trained human resources, weak interconnect between stakeholders, lack
of effective strategy for development, deployment and commercialization.
1. Technology Indigenization for Atmanirbhar Bharat:
 Along with the aim of achieving a self-reliant economy, a two-way approach to technology
development will be adopted: (a) developing indigenous technologies and (b) adapting imported
technologies.
Nakul Jain (10516688521)

19. Technology Development and Indigenization
2. Technologies and Sustainability:
 The 5th STI policy aims to bring interplay between technology and sustainability and its impact
on society, environment and economy and provide pathways to promote sustainable
technology development. For this purpose, a technology support framework will be established.
 Also, institutional mechanisms for development and promotion or flow of sustainable
technologies will be created pan India to promote development as well as up-gradation of
existing indigenous and traditional technologies directed towards the attainment of UN-SDGs
and national priorities as well.
Nakul Jain (10516688521)

20. Technology Development and Indigenization
3. Strategic Technologies:
 A Strategic Technology Board (STB) will be established to connect different strategic
departments and to monitor and recommend technologies to be bought or indigenously made
in the strategic departments or in the private sector or in academic institutions in line with
self-reliant India. STB will also keep an eye on India's strategic requirements and monitor its
implementation. It will also ensure that there's no duplication of technology development
amongst departments and research institutions.
 A peer group under the guidance of the STB will decide which technologies are suitable for
such transfer, possibly with the involvement of the appropriate industry for cost-
effectiveness.
Nakul Jain (10516688521)

21. Technology Development and Indigenization
4. Disruptive Technologies:
 The technologies which are disruptive in nature have a transformational impact on society,
economy and environment.
 Thus, there will be a focus on innovative strategizing, development, standard-setting and
governance of such technologies.
 Mission mode schemes will be launched to propel the development and deployment of
frontier disruptive technologies such as blockchain, AI, etc. that impact society and the
economy across the sectors.
Nakul Jain (10516688521)

22. Technology Development and Indigenization
5. Critical Sectors and possible approaches:
 Manufacturing and small-level startup will be encouraged in key sectors such as agriculture
and animal husbandry, water, education, biotech, pharma and health, biodiversity, climate
change and environment.
 The Government will use the knowledge and evidence-based approaches by developing a
cadre of practicing scientists and technologists who are dedicated full time to curating and
updating knowledge and its application in emerging sectors.
Nakul Jain (10516688521)

23. Technology Development and Indigenization
6. Enhancing technology development in the academic sector:
 Funding mechanisms will be created to pilot the technologies developed in
academic/research institutes as Indian universities normally do not pursue R&D beyond TRL-1.
 Communication and collaboration gaps among the levels will be bridged to create a conducive
environment for translational research.
Nakul Jain (10516688521)

24. Key Features of 4th STI Policy
 Cash Power
 Man Power
 Business
 PPP
 IPR
 Participation
 NGO
Nakul Jain (10516688521)

25. Role of Govt in science - Kuber and Rajeev
● Over a period of time, India has progressively and perceptibly paved way for development in the field
of Science and Technology.
● The 21st century in India is apparently marked as the beginning towards an advancement in terms of
technology and enrichment of knowledge base in the fields of Science.
● At present, India holds a strong position in terms of advanced technology. India also serves as a
knowledge warehouse with the existence of its many institutions catering to Science and
Technology which come with qualified and trained manpower.
●

26. ● Areas of Development
● Let us now discuss the different areas which undergo development with the advancement in Science and
Technology −
● Higher education
● Scientific research and development
● Technological development
● Advancement of agricultural system
● Development of space science and technology
● Development of medical science and technology
● Development of infrastructure

27. ● Information and communication technology
● Development of various fields of engineering (including software, chemical,
mechanical, civil, electrical, electronic, etc.)
● Likewise, India has strong scientific and technological base that spreads
across the country in the form of academic institutions, research and
development laboratories, advanced medical center (with research facilities),
experimental centers, and different advanced industries. Because of the
development in all spheres of Science and technology, today, India is
unquestionably a leading developing country in the world.

28. ● Science & Technology and Industry in India
● Over the recent past, Science and Technology has made tremendous contribution
towards the settlement of industries in India.
● Starting from the micro level to the macro level, research and development in the
field of technology has created an ideal niche for the overall growth of the
economic condition of the country. The perceptible examples are the development
of Atomic Energy, Space Science, dozens of successful satellite systems,
advanced medical technologies, etc.
● After the independence, it was not possible for India to depend on other countries
for various aspects of development; therefore, the development of indigenous
technology was indispensable for the overall development of a country.
● Thankfully, today, Indian technologies and companies are as competent as in
other developed countries. India is also a lead in various fields, and is a tough
competitor for other countries.

29. ● If we discuss about the skilled human resources, many Indians are at top-
notch positions in leading companies.
● Indian industries started flourishing post 1990, i.e., the landmark era.
Globalization, liberalization, and privatization, facilitated this growth. The
industries catering to Information & Technology, Atomic Energy, Automotive,
Biotechnology, Nanotechnology, Pharmaceutical, Petroleum, etc. have
increased at global level.
● On the other hand, the Government of India has also made sizable investment
in the field of research and development to encourage the advancement of
Indian economy.

30. ● For consistent and efficient growth, various initiatives have been taken by establishing the following organizations −
● Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR) center
● Department of Science and Technology (DST)
● All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMA)
● Aryabhatta Research Institute of Observational Sciences (ARIES)
● Central Drug Research Institute
● Centre for the Study of Developing Societies
● Central Electronics Engineering Research Institute
● Central Food Technological Research Institute
● Central Glass and Ceramic Research Institute (CGCRI)
● Central Institute of Agricultural Engineering
● Central Institute of Brackish Water Aquaculture
● Central Soil Salinity Research Institute
● Indian Institute of Engineering Science and Technology (IIEST)
● Indira Gandhi Centre for Atomic Research (IGCAR)
● Institute of Economic Growth
● Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology (IGIB)
● National Institute of Electronics & Information Technology (NIELIT)
● National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research
● National Institute of Oceanography (NIO)
● Likewise, there are dozens of other such scientific research centers, which have been set up for the overall
economic growth of the country.

31. Science & Technology and Society in India
● The growth, peace, and security of a society is directly related to the
development of the technology; as Science and Technology in a way
influences the development as well as security of the society.

32. ● Consider the following points to understand how the security of a society is directly related to the
development of the technology −
● CCTV Camera at various locations (especially at public places) is one of the best examples of
keeping crime under surveillance and it also provides a sense of security to the people.
● Because of the advancement in technology, today, there is a reduce in communication gap; people
have the information of where their near and dear ones are and are just a phone call away at times
of need.
● The job of the police has become easier, as police can trace criminals easily.

33. Besides, because of the advancement of technology, today, most of the villages in India have
electricity, road, and can avail for essential facilities.
People, who are residing in even very remote part of the country, have the benefit of entertaining
themselves and upgrading their knowledge through the different programmes broadcast on television
(with dozens of channels).
Telecommunications network towers have been set up at the remotest of the remote regions too.
Therefore, Science and Technology is like a boon for the overall scientific and economic development
of the country.