2. Investment & Need of Investment
• The money you earn is artly s ent and the rest sav ed for
mee ng future e! enses" Instead of kee ing the sav ings idle
you may like to use savings in order to get return on it in the
future" This is called Investment"
• One needs to invest to
#" earn return on your idle resources
$" generate a s ecified sum of money for a s ecific goal in
life
%" make a rovision for an uncertain future
3. &hen to Start Inves ng
• The sooner one starts inves ng the be er" By
inves ng early you allo' your investments more m e
to gro'( increases your income( by accumula ng the
rinci al and the interest or dividend earned on it (
year a er year"year a er year"
• The three golden rules for all investors are)
#" Invest early
$" Invest regularly
%" Invest for long term and not short term
5. &here to Invest
• One may invest in)
1. Physical asseltikse real estate( gold +e'ellery(
commodi es etc
2. Financial assets such as fi!ed de osits 'ith banks( small2. Financial assets such as fi!ed de osits 'ith banks( small
saving instruments 'ith ost offices(
insurance rovident ension fund etc or securi es
market related instruments like shares( bonds(
debentures etc"
6. Short & ,ong Term O ons
for Investment
• Short Term)
#" Savings Bank -ccount
$" Money Market or ,i.uid /unds
"% /i!ed 0e osit 'ith Banks"% /i!ed 0e osit 'ith Banks
• ,ong Term)
#" 1ost Office Savings
$" 1ublic 1rovident /und
%" Bonds
2" Mutual /unds
7. Before inves ng in a Market
• Before inves ng( it is al'ays 'ise to learn the Basics
of Stock Market" &e have com iled ar cles and
tutorials on the Share Market Basics.-lso included
here e! lana on of Stock Market Terms and jargon
used by eo le involved in trading stocks andused by eo le involved in trading stocks and
shares. &hether it is Bombay Stock !change "BS #$
%a onal Stock !change "%S #$ &ondon Stock
!change "&S # or %e' (ork Stock !change "%(S # (
trading terms or more or less similar
8. &hy Trade In Stock Market
• 1. (o) do not need a lot of money to start making mone y$ )nlike b)ying
ro erty and aying a monthly mortgage.
• $" It re.uires very minimal me to trade 3 unlike building a conven onal
business
• %" It4s+fast, cashand allo's for .uick li.uida on 56ou can convert i t to cash
easily( unlike selling a ro erty or a business7"
• 2" It4seasy to learn ho' to rofit from the stock market "• 2" It4seasy to learn ho' to rofit from the stock market "
But 6ou need to have your basicsclear" 8nless you do9"you 'ill be 'as ng
your me and loosing money" 6ou need to be crystal clear of each and every
as ect of Investments( stock o ons( Stock Trading( :om any( Shares(
0ividend & Ty es of Shares( 0ebentures( Securi es( Mutual /unds( I1O(
/utures & O ons( &hat does the Share Market consis t of; <!changes(
Indices( S<BI ( -nalysis of Stocks = >o' to check on 'hat to buy;( Trading
Terms 5,imit Order( Sto ,oss( 1ut( :all( Booking 1rofit & ,oss( Short & ,ong7(
Trading O ons = Brokerage >ouses etc"
9. Stock Market System
•Primary market
•stock marketis a secondary market
• trade stock for listed cor ora ons• trade stock for listed cor ora ons
•1rogressive develo ment of stock
market
10. 1rimary Market
• The rimary market rovides the channel for sale of ne'
securi es" 1rimary market rovides o ortunity to issuers of
securi es? @overnment as 'ell as cor orate to raise resources
to meet their re.uirements of investment and or discharge
some obliga on"some obliga on"
• They may issue the securi es at face value( or at a
discount remium and these securi es may take a variety of
forms such as e.uity( debt etc" They may issue the securi es
in domes c market and or interna onal market
11. &hy :om anies need to issue shares to
1ublic
• Most com anies are usually started rivately by thei r
romoter5s7" >o'ever( the romoters4 ca ital and th e
borro'ings from banks and financial ins tu ons ma y not be
sufficient for se ng u or running the business over a long
term" So com anies invite the ublic to contribute to'ardsterm" So com anies invite the ublic to contribute to'ards
the e.uity and issue shares to individual investors"
• The 'ay to invite share ca ital from the ublic is through a
‘Public Issue’. Simply stated, a public issue is an offer to the
ublic to subscribe to the share ca ital of a com a ny" Once
this is done( the com any allots shares to the a l icants as
er the rescribed rules and regula ons laid do'n by S<BI"
12. Secondary Market
• Secondary market refers to a market 'here securi e s are
traded a er being ini ally offered to the ublic in the rimary
market and or listed on the Stock <!change" Ma+orityof the
trading is done in the secondary market" Secondary market
com rises of e.uity markets and the debt marketscom rises of e.uity markets and the debt markets
• 0ifference bet'een 1rimary and Secondary Market is
In 1rimary Market securi es are offered to ublic for
subscri on for the ur ose of raising ca ital or fund
Secondary Market is an e.uity trading venue in 'hich
already e!is ng re3issued securi es are traded among
investors"
13. <.uity Investment
• &hen you buy a share of a com any you become a shar eholder in
that com any" Shares are also kno'n as <.ui es" <.ui e s have the
oten al to increase in value over me" It also rovides your
or olio 'ith the gro'th necessary to reach your long term
investment goals" Research studies have roved that the e.ui es
have out erformed most other forms of investments in the long
term"term"
• <.ui es are considered the most challenging and the re'a rding(
'hen com ared to other investment o ons"
• Research studies have roved that investments in some shares 'ith
a longer tenure of investment have yielded far su erior returns
than any other investment"
• >o'ever( this does not mean all e.uity investments 'ould
guarantee similar high returns" <.ui es are high risk investments"
One needs to study them carefully before inves ng
14. Ty es of investors
•S eculators
•>edgers
• -rbitragers• -rbitragers
15. Im ortant Aargons
o BS Sensi ve -nde! or S %S .
o Bull Market
o Bear Market
o 0elivery
o Intraday
o 0ematerialiBa on
o ,ong Buy
o Short SellingShort Selling
o Sto ,oss
o 1or olio
o Tick SiBe
o -veraging
o Booking 1rofit or ,oss
o :rash 3 :urciuts
o Right Issue
o Stock bonus
o Stock S lit
16. Aargons
SN1 :NC NI/T6 DE
Ni y :NC #EE
Ni y Aunior
/uture Inde!
/uture :ontract
Margin
1remium1remium
0iscount
Market lot
Roll over
O ons
:all
1ut
,ong 1osi ons
Short osi ons
<! iry