seizure classification and different types of seizures.

1. Seizure and its classification
International League Against Epilepsy
2017

2. What is a seizure?
• A seizure represents the
clinical expression of
abnormal, excessive,
synchronous discharges of
neurons residing primarily
in the cerebral cortex.
– intermittent
– usually self-limited,
– lasting seconds to a few
minutes
– status epilepticus.
• A sudden, involuntary,
time-limited alteration
in behavior,
– Motor activity,
– Autonomic function,
– Consciousness, or
– Sensation.

3. Seizure types (ILAE- 2017)
• Focal onset
– Aware
– Impaired awareness
– Motor onset
– Non motor onset
• Focal to bilateral tonic-clonic
• Generalized onset
– Motor
• Tonic-clonic
• Other motor
– Non motor (absence seizure)
• Unknown onset
– Motor
• Tonic clonic
• Other motor
– Non motor
– Unclassified

4. Focal onset seizures
• These seizures can often be subtle or unusual
and may go unnoticed or be mistaken for any
thing from being intoxicated to daydreaming.
• 60% of people with epilepsy have focal onset.
– Focal aware
– Focal impaired awareness (person may appear
confused , vague or disoriented.

5. Classify this seizure: History

7. Types of generalized onset seizure
• Absence seizure:
– Sudden lapse of awareness and responsiveness
• Staring spells or day dreaming
• Tonic clonic
• Myoclonic:
– Sudden single jerks of a muscle or a group of muscle
last no more than a second or two.
• Tonic
• Atonic
• Clonic

8. Seizure history

9. What type of seizure is this?

10. Generalized motor onset
stiffening/jerking/tonic clonic

11. What type of seizure is this?

12. Generalized non motor onset
brief changes in awareness/ staring / lipsmacking

13. What type of seizure is this?

14. Generalized motor myoclonic….

15. Focal motor, with awareness

16. Focal motor with awareness….

21. Generalized non-motor

22. Mimicking seizure