NBFCs are non-banking financial companies that provide banking services like lending and accepting deposits but do not have a full banking license. They help with objectives like attracting foreign grants, providing long-term credit, capital formation, developing financial markets, generating employment, and mobilizing funds/resources. There are different types of NBFCs including chit fund companies, mutual companies, loan companies, investment companies, housing finance companies, hire purchase companies, equipment leasing companies, and residual NBFCs.