- Pierre Sanoguet-RiveraWK11ProjSanoguetP

Population Health
Prof. Ross
Walden
University
The McAllen Health Project
Good Nutrition Better Health
Sanoguet, P.J.

2
Introduction
Interesting and well written information about McAllen
“McAllen is a city located at the southern tip of Texas in an area known as the Rio Grande Valley. Only
about five miles fromthe Mexican border,McAllen is situated along U.S.Route 83,which connects the
Valley to West Texas. Othermajor highways servicing the city include U.S. Route 281 and Texas State
Highway 107.Regional air transportation is available at MillerInternational Airport, which offers
frequent daily flights to major hubsin Houston, Dallasand Mexico City.
Developer John McAllen settled in the Rio Grande Valley in the late 1800s and established a town site in
1904 known as West McAllen.Shortly thereafter, other developersstarted a nearby town which they
named East McAllen. The two groups eventually joined forces and in 1911 the City of McAllen was
incorporated.Overthe next several centuries, McAllen experienced steady growth and by the 1970s saw
an increase in industrial trade and manufacturing brought about by activation of the Free Trade Zone
(FTZ). The passing of the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) in the 1990senhanced the
impact of the FTZ, resulting in the creation of several thousand new jobsin both the U.S. and Reynosa,
Mexico. Over the last three decades, McAllen has transformed into the regional Valley leaderin
commerce and government and has become home to a large number of national businesses.”
The evolution of McAllen city overthe last decades has incorporated newindustries, food chains,
traditions, social, health and economic determinantsto the population of this city. People are getting
used to the new order of services, availability and habits.Everything is changing constantly in a
developing city like McAllen and that includes healthcare technology and services. McAllen city as it is
transforming into a newculture mixed with American – Latino individuals, becoming more active in
commerce and stepping on better education outcomes, more job opportunities and othersocial challenges
that faces every big city nationwide, has also raised the health statusawareness challenge in order due to
new disease problems, treatments and population chronic diseases. However, there are programs for

3
almost any health problemin Texas, but that has not stopped the new census results which does not look
well for the McAllen healthcare delivery challenge outcomes. There is need of a programwith depth
enough, patient centered that mixes with the patient’s life and reality assuring a better health plan with
close guidance and support.

4
Data Collection Worksheet Template
Name: Pierre James Sanoguet
Final Project Initiative Proposal: Smoking Cessation and Well Nutrition Awareness
Data collection information appreciated
Indicators Data
Data Source
(Cite appropriately)
Overall
population of
area of focus
128,705
Population
under the age
of 5
5,500
Population
over the age
of 65
12,398
Population of
male and
female
Male (61,021)
Female (67,614)

5
Ethnic
backgrounds
White (11.6%)
Black (0.8%)
Hispanic (84.1%)
Asian (2.9%)
Mixed (0.4%)
Other (0.1%)
Percentage of
non-native
speaking
population/
households
99.7%
Education
levels
Did Not Complete High School 24.93%
Completed High School 22.18%
Some College 20.44%
Completed Associate Degree 5.47%
Completed Bachelors Degree 18.84%
Completed Graduate Degree 5.26%

6
Income
levels
38,223
Poverty level 23.8%
Indicators Data
Data Source
(Cite appropriately)
Life
expectancy
78.45
Infant
mortality
17 per 100,000
5 most
common
causes of
mortality
1. Heart Disease
2. Cancer
3. Diabetes
4. Stroke
5. Lung Diseases
5 most
common
causes of
chronic
diseases
1. High Blood Pressure
2. High Blood Cholesterol
3. Smoking
4. Over Weight and Obesity
5. Asthma
1. Failure to control speed

7
5 most
common
causes of
accidents
2. Driver Inattention
3. Failure to drive in a single
lane
4. Unsafe Lane change
5. Following too closely
Young Population
It is important to state that we are going to analyze Mc Allen City, a small city from a big
state like Texas compared to the rest of the United States average percentages of different
categories, demographics and statistics. First the population of McAllen is around 130,000
persons. From that population around 13,000 are senior citizens which mean that 10 percent is in
advanced age or beyond 65 years old and USA average is 14.5 %, also Mc Allen has around 5%
of population under 5 years of age very near to the nations percentage of 6.2%, which could be a
good thing because we have a young population with good chances of fresh minds, jobs and
development, but a young population could mean less life expectancy it all depends.
Again, good summary of your data throughout this section
Ethnicity and Gender Background
With a 52.5% the female population dominates over male population, equivalent to around 5
thousand more women than men. Representation of ethnic groups is very low except for the
Hispanic group which represents around 85% of the population in McAllen. The following group

8
would be the white non Hispanic population with around 10% followed by the Asian population
with around 3% of the total population. Compared to the USA ethnic background it must be said
that MC Allen city is one of the core cities for Hispanic population living and migration,
obviously there are some factors that make Mc Allen a strategic place to Hispanic ethnicity
control due to its closeness to the border with Mexico and the immigration issue. Also Spanish is
way more useful in Mc Allen than English; more than 60 percent of the population talks Spanish
rather than English. Also the Black ethnicity is very low more than usual in other states of USA.
The Mexican culture is very active in this south part of Texas which makes it a blend of
American culture with Hispanic Mexican culture with new and shared traditions by each group.
Education and Incomes
Education in Mc Allen is in current developing with new updates and infrastructure of
Universities and colleges. Because many of the population are people coming from Mexico
many of them come in search of work for their families. That is slowly changing since their sons
are growing up being American citizens eligible to receive grants and financial aid to study in
American schools and colleges. Compared back in time to other census the education is getting
better, in this current time Mc Allen city beats the average of population in the USA that have
some college, but falls way back when talking about people who has earned associates diplomas,
bachelors degree or post graduate degrees. The main problem to this could be financial situation
and lack of resources. United States average for bachelors and post graduate degrees is around
35% and 30% respectively, Mc Allen percentages for bachelors and post graduate degrees are
18.8% and 5.6%. clearly written

9
Incomes in Mc Allen per capita are 22,000 a year, the average. While a household should be
around 35,000. Compared this to the USA average of income per capita and households, Mc
Allen is a below the poverty level city. Mc Allen city is one of the poorest cities in United States
that is in current development. The poverty level in the USA is 15.4% and Mc Allen’s is no
lower than 22%. Since we are lack of people earning good salaries which is reflected in the
education analysis, is no wonder why the city is under the poverty level. Incomes are higher as
education gets higher, a population with low education averages rarely if possible can be above
the poverty level.
Life Expectancy and Main Causes of death
Life expectancy in Mc Allen is around 78.5 years a very slight difference from the nationals
average which is 78.8. This not being a significant difference in life duration can be explained
through the main causes of death provoked by chronic illness and accidents. The main cause of
death in Mc Allen is the same as in the whole USA; heart disease. Followed by cancer, diabetes,
strokes and lung diseases. Diabetes is a bit up in places in the Mc Allen population compared
with the national list of main causes of death, probably because the Mexican diet and high
carbohydrates nutrition. The main factors to these chronic diseases are obesity, high blood
pressure, high cholesterol, asthma and smoking. All these diseases are could be affecting the life
expectancy average from going up and many of them could be prevented. As for car accidents
the top 5 main reasons are due to driver’s negligence in driving.
“The educated differfromthe uneducated asmuch asthe living fromthe dead”.
-Aristoteles
Great quote!

10
That been said, there is no more power than to educate the population and hope that all goes
right, we can educated people but we can’t control their will, we can’t control their lifestyles and
traditions. Maybe if we get deep enough in the community through visuals, charts and other
creative ideas that require participation of the society, the learning process and awareness could
be much more effective. The goal of this inniative is to attack directly the smoking habit, one of
the main reasons of cancer and heart diseases through high blood pressure and blood vessels
wounds; and promoting good nutrition avoiding sodas, greasy food and other harmful foods and
in exchange provide a supplement for these foods that doesn’t have a severe impact on health.

11
SWOT Analysis
SWOT analysis is an examination of an organization’s internal strengths and weaknesses,
its opportunities for growth and improvement, and the threats the external environment presents
to its survival. Originally designed for use in other industries, it is gaining increased use in
healthcare (ACHE).
SWOT analysis provides of good summary of the topics
Initiative
The McAllen Health Project is an initiative directed to the McAllen resident citizens, all
health care and nutrition specialized facilities to focus on the malnutrition issue causing alarming
rises in diabetes and heart chronic disease diagnostics. The initiative includes a program where
the patient will benefit to receive professional assistance about malnutrition and attack the main
reasons to this cause which can be numerous. The patient will be able to construct an action plan
according to his necessities and health priorities supported by nutritionists, nurses and other
capable and professional figures. Patients will be categorized by health status like urgent
attention patients or non urgent, this will be determined by physical exams standards according
to their age, height, weight and life style.
Determinants
Social – The McAllen city population is experiencing for the first time new technology,
internet use in almost everything, more job opportunities, economic and educational growth and

12
therefore more challenges, social pressure, competence, lack of services or resources, situations
and events that can cause mental health and physical health to be misguided. Many people
suffering from obesity are linked to anxiety disorders. Also McAllen city is one of the primary
Hispanic areas to migrate, creating a mixing of Hispanic – American culture, traditions and
habits.
Economic – The economic factor in McAllen city plays a key role, about 25% of the population
is under the poverty level. McAllen is one of the poorest cities in the nation and the poorest in
the Texas state. However, it is expected to change in the near future since McAllen has overcome
their education outcomes deficits and right now is above the average compared with other cities
in Texas in High School achievement percent of the population, and has come very close to the
average percent for bachelors and doctoral degrees completed in the population. It is believed
that a city with high education will also have higher economic status.
MHP Plans, Events and Tools
MHP (The McAllen Health Project) is a new tool for the community to reach better
health outcomes and less health spending in health conditions. Giving free brochures,
orientations and participate in other organizations events will help MHP get along with in the
community. MHP program initiation can start with some of the items below:
 Provision of educational material
 Community activities
 Visit schools and universities
 Provide possible replacement habits

13
 Provide accurate and precise information where, how and when to find advice and proper
counseling for patients with conditions out of our reach.
SWOT of Initiative
SWOT analysis encourages a preview of the possible strengths, weaknesses,
opportunities and threats about a new business, healthcare or nonprofit program nor organization.
Weaknesses
 Shortage of staff and healthcare prepared leaders. (Right now there is shortage of
physicians, nurses and other in Hospitals, Community clinics and pharmaceutics)
Strengths
 Community participation
 Visual educational material
 Follow up and continuum of help services and develop a strategic plan convenient
for each patient.
Threats
 Financial funding
 Patient follow up must be voluntary
Opportunity

14
 It gives the community a opportunity to maximize and increase health status and
quality by starting a process of new life styles, awareness and the backup
necessary to achieve the desired outcomes.
Funding
As a nonprofit organization the MHP could qualify for tax exemptions. The main funding
come from the government since the project is helping to a cause that will lower the government
spending in chronic diseases treatments. Also the funding could come from charities, foundations
and private business that want to sponsor the cause. NGO’s like the International Diabetes
Federation and The Heart Federation could play a key role in the funding of the McAllen Health
Project.
Agree that this would be an excellent NGO – very meaningful to the community

15
Project Evaluation
“The McAllen Health Project”
Pierre J Sanoguet
Walden University
Introduction to Population Health
October 23, 2015

16
Initiative
Malnutrition is a common phenomenon almost everywhere; it does not just refer to low
quantities of ingestion but also the consumption of food with low nutritional properties or
harmful additives. Malnutrition outcomes are mostly related to obesity, from there comes many
other complications including the heart disease and diabetes if not corrected. The McAllen
Health Project is a program committed to assure the population of McAllen an opportunity to be
educated about malnutrition outcomes in their health and how much it can drain their finances in
possible future chronic diseases. The program will be free of charge to residents of McAllen; it
will have a screen process to identify high risk candidates of chronic diseases that need to make
urgent adjustments to their nutrition style. The program will help to make an action plan and
follow up for the patient according to his necessities and daily duties. The McAllen Health
Project is a prevention care tool to decrease the high percentages of chronic diseases in McAllen
city, in this case diabetes and heart disease.
Your rationale for the project is well stated and this section is substantively written
Pilot Study
 Goals
 Provide educational tools to the community about malnutrition and its effects.
 Educate and provide the community with resources that lead to health and
nutritional improvements in their lives.
 Create and develop an action plan for users that fits best to their necessity and
availability according to their income, health, beliefs, and location.

17
 Decrease the percentages of diabetes and heart diseases due to malnutrition in
McAllen population.
 Create awareness to possible development of other chronic diseases.
 Understanding that being in risk of chronic diseases or having a chronic disease
could lead to financial instability due to the cost for treatments.
 Objectives
 Focus to achieve meetings with healthcare facility directors, CEO’s and other
healthcare leaders in order to provide educational resources to staff, nurses,
physicians and other healthcare assistant professionals about the program during
the first year.
 Provide educational material with contact and brief general information about the
program and malnutrition along with the program initiation.
 Keep records of patients for statistical analysis once a year.
 Encourage referrals and expansion of the program with the annual data analysis
results.
 Every 5 years compare the data since the beginning of the term versus the end of
the 5 year term. Determine how efficient the program has been improving
McAllen population’s health and the impact in public and private spending for
diabetes and heart disease during the program contribution.

18
Why take action?
The population of McAllen is in the border of two cultures that merges at that location,
therefore diets and nutrition is amplified in many diversities including junk food. The
consumption of McAllen population in restaurants is above the average for the rest of the Texas
state average (City-Data.com). Being one of the poorest cities in Texas, the high usage of
restaurants and fast food chains make no sense. Only meaning that the population needs to be
educated about the problem of malnutrition and explain why are they more vulnerable than other
Outcomes
•Lower Malnutrition
•Create conscience about chronical diseases dueto malnutrition
•Lower the high percentages in the populationofdiabetes and heart diseases for 2020.
•Improve lifestyles to healthier and better outcomes.
•A healthy community is a happycomunitty.
Population Group
•Any adults from18 years and older residentof the McAllen limits.
Inputs
•Directors, dietitians,nutritionist,nurses and staff
•Funding - Private,government or public funds
•Educational media
•Technological devices - computers, phones, software, test machines and others.
Outputs
•Time for each session
•Action plan followup
•Program Usage and demand

19
cities mostly because of their Hispanic ethnicity roots. Dealing with a preventive care action to
avoid obesity, malnutrition and metabolic disorders due to ingestion of inappropriate food could
greatly decrease the numbers of diabetes and heart disease because these mentioned above are
the first step to fall in a chronic disease situation. Also these could mean improvement for the
Texas government and public funds administration since around 45% percent of McAllen
population uses federal health program Medicare, the spending per individual is rising 16%
compared to the state average, the top city in obesity in the whole nation is McAllen-Edinburg
area and with the most reported cases of diabetes at 18.9% of the population. Agree the
uniqueness of location provides different problems than in other cities and towns
Audience
The
McAllen
Health
Project
Healthcare
facilities and
organizations
leaders
Community
clinics, schools,
universities,
open public
areas
Charities,
government and
private sector
investors.
Public and
Private sector
insurance
managers

20
Evaluation of Pilot Study
To determine that the prototype of The McAllen Health Project is well aligned with the
expected outcomes and goals, some tools would be useful. In this case the RCM and Six Sigma
industry based techniques for improvement would add some important features to the pilot study
development. The Reliability Centered Maintenance technique is based on follow up and
monitoring of your work, what to do at unexpected results and understanding the risk for an
organization. More empirical, statistical, experimental and quality observant is the Six Sigma
technique which leads to achieve a record of entries, usage or any other measurable activity
within a business that could affect the way it works. Six Sigma main values are to reduce cost,
improve customer satisfaction, reduce pollution and process cycle time. Also software like IBM
SPSS would help to organize and analyze the data as it comes in. The McAllen Health Project is
a project that will deal with a population around 150,000 persons which 18.9% percent suffer
from diabetes and around 40% are obese which fires up the risk of heart disease. It is one of the
unhealthiest cities in the United States nation, in the state with most uninsured group of people.
Who is helping to the cause?
The Children Hospital Association of Texas (CHAT) is a nonprofit organization to
advance children pediatrics outcomes including decreasing child obesity. Even when the “The
McAllen Health Project” is focused on adult population it is important their contribution since
obesity could be a problem from child ages. Looking for a same goal are the “Nutrition, Physical
Activity and Obesity Prevention Program” is a division of the Control Disease Center (CDC)
which goal is to educate about the risk of overweight and obesity to restructure the nutrition

21
habits through all Texas locations and cities, using Disease control centers to offer help for obese
people as part of “Healthy People 2020” goals.
This section is well written – good critical thinking that demonstrates an organized program
Community Partnerships
Non governmental organizations (NGOs) are entities that does not form part of the
government or a for profit private business. However these organizations may be funded by
many providers like the government, individuals, business or foundations. Most of NGO’s goals
are related to the community well being and life style run primarily by volunteers. Also some of
them have so much influence and alliances that they have a big voice in the policy making
process, some of them make publications to disperse ideas or events using the media. As an
administrator I would consider to have the IDF as an ally, the IDF is the International Diabetes
Federation. Since McAllen city is one of the top places in the United States nation with diabetes
incidence, the IDF and the McAllen Health Project could join resources to fight against the high
percentages of diabetes. Presenting the pilot study of the program to the IDF committee probably
would call their attention to help in the distribution of education of the McAllen Health Project
and fill the healthcare environment with knowledge about new tools including the program.
Possible barriers for a successful partnership with the IDF could be lack of explanation or
communication difficulties between parts, the IDF is a extensive organization and they have
multiple partnerships with other international NGO’s, foundations, healthcare facilities and other
high standard organizations in order to keep a trustful information flowing in and out the
organization. The McAllen Project must be carefully explained, well defined and be ready to
answer to challenging structure, funding and objective barriers that may drive away the idea of a

22
successful program worthy of partner with as a recognized international organization committed
to the wellness of the diabetes population and the prevention awareness process for the
community.
Social Change
The impact of MHP in the community is planned to be measured by keeping record of
individuals using the program. Every year an average will be calculated to compare the annual
increase or decrease in patient usage of the program for purposes of efficiency of the program.
Every five years the results from the beginning until the end of the term will be compared to
determine if the program is actually contributing to decrease diabetes and heart chronic disease
incidence.
Hi Pierre,
I thoroughly enjoyed reading your excellent paper. You addressed all of the assignment
objectives. Someday we will be reading about the McAllen Health Project.
References

23
 Texas State Nutrition, Physical Activity, and Obesity Profile. (n.d.). Retrieved October
27, 2015, from http://www.cdc.gov/obesity/stateprograms/fundedstates/pdf/texas-state-
profile.pdf
 Long Live Texans. (n.d.). Retrieved October 27, 2015, from
http://www.longlivetexans.com/index.php/more-info/co-texas-programs
 McAllen, Texas. (n.d.). Retrieved October 27, 2015, from http://www.city-
data.com/city/McAllen-Texas.html
 McAllen-Edinburg-Mission Texas Household Income. (n.d.). Retrieved October 27,
2015, from http://www.deptofnumbers.com/income/texas/mcallen/
 Good Health Habits the Norm in Slimmest U.S. Metro Areas. (n.d.). Retrieved October
27, 2015, from http://www.gallup.com/poll/126362/Good-Health-Habits-Norm-
Slimmest-Metro-Areas.aspx?g_source=mcallen
diabetes&g_medium=search&g_campaign=tiles
 Schweikhart, S., & Dembe, A. (n.d.). The Applicability of Lean and Six Sigma
Techniques to Clinical and Translational Research. Retrieved October 27, 2015, from
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2835466/

24
 Leon, A., Davis, L., & Kraemer, H. (n.d.). The Role and Interpretation of Pilot Studies in
Clinical Research. Retrieved October 27, 2015, from
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3081994/
 Texas Child Death Rate. (n.d.). Retrieved September 22, 2015, from
http://www.worldlifeexpectancy.com/usa/texas-child-death-rate
 12 Leading Causes of Texas Car Accidents, According to the TDOT. (n.d.). Retrieved
September 22, 2015, from http://www.daspitlaw.com/Personal-Injury-
Blog/2014/March/The-12-Leading-Causes-of-Texas-Car-Accidents.aspx
 Population. (n.d.). Retrieved September 22, 2015, from
http://www.mcallenchamber.com/Business-Community/Population
 McAllen, TX Education Level Profile and Enrollment Statistics- CLRSearch. (n.d.).
Retrieved September 22, 2015, from
http://www.clrsearch.com/McAllen-Demographics/TX/Education-Level-and-Enrollment-
Statistics
 Race and Ethnicity in McAllen, Texas (City). (n.d.). Retrieved September 22, 2015, from
http://statisticalatlas.com/place/Texas/McAllen/Race-and-Ethnicity

25
 USA Life Expectancy. (n.d.). Retrieved September 22, 2015, from
http://www.worldlifeexpectancy.com/usa/life-expectancy
 United States Census Bureau. (n.d.). Retrieved September 22, 2015, from
http://quickfacts.census.gov/qfd/states/00000.html
CATEGORY
EXCELLENT – above
expectations
GOOD – met
expectations
FAIR – below
expectations
POOR – significantly
below expectations or
missing
SCORE
Community Needs
Assessment
Synthesize keypoints
related to a community
The paper shows depth in
critical thinking when addressing
the key points related toa
community needs assessment.
The paper fully addresses
the key points related to
a community needs
assessment.
The paper lacks depth or
clarity ofthekey points
related to a community
needs assessment.
The paper does not
address a community
needs assessment,is
inaccurate,missing, oris of
poor quality.
40

26
CATEGORY
EXCELLENT – above
expectations
GOOD – met
expectations
FAIR – below
expectations
POOR – significantly
below expectations or
missing
SCORE
needs assessment including
Data, SWOT, Initiativeand
Program.
(40 points possible)
(36–40 points)
(32–35 points) (28–31 points) (0–27 points)
Community Engagement
Plan
Explain howthecommunity
needs assessment andthe
proposedprograminitiative
will achieve andcontribute
to community engagement
The paper shows critical thinking
and problem solving in its
explanation ofhow the
community needs assessment
and the proposed program
initiative willachieve and
contribute tocommunity
engagement.
(54–60 points)
the key points in its
community needs
assessmentand the
proposedprogram
engagement.
(48–53 points)
clarity inits explanation
ofhow the community
needs assessment and
the proposedprogram
initiative willachieve
and contributeto
community engagement.
(42–47 points)
The paper does not
address how the
community needs
assessmentand the
proposedprogram
engagement, is inaccurate,
missing, or is ofpoor
quality.
(0–41points)
60
Considerationsfor Social
Change
Explain howthecommunity
needs assessment andthe
proposedprograminitiative
contribute tosocial change
once implemented inthe
community
The paper shows critical thinking
and problem solving in its
community needs assessment
and the proposed program
initiative contribute tosocial
change once implementedin
the community.
(54–60 points)
the key points in its
community needs
assessmentand the
proposedprogram
initiative contribute to
socialchangeonce
implementedin the
community.
(48–53 points)
clarity inits explanation
ofhow the community
needs assessment and
the proposedprogram
socialchangeonce
implementedin the
community.
(42–47 points)
The paper does not
address how the
community needs
assessmentand the
proposedprogram
socialchangeonce
implementedin a
community, is inaccurate,
missing, or is ofpoor
quality.
(0–41 points)
60
Writing
Paper is well organized,uses
scholarlytone, contains original
writing andproper
paraphrasing, follows APAstyle,
contains very fewor no writing
and/or spelling errors, andis
fully consistent withgraduate
level writing style.
(36–40 points)
Paper is mostly
consistent withgraduate
level writing styleand
may have some spelling,
APA, and writing errors.
(32–35 points)
Paper is somewhat
consistent withgraduate
level writing styleand
may have some spelling,
APA, and writing errors.
(28–31 points)
Paper is well below
graduatelevel writing style
expectations for
organization, scholarly
tone, APAstyle,and
writing, or shows heavy
relianceon quoting.
(0–27 points)
40
Instructor comments: Hi Pierre,
I thoroughly enjoyed reading yourexcellent paper. You addressed all of the assignment objectives. Someday we will be
reading about the McAllen Health Project.
Throughout the course you have been developing your project related to a community needs assessment. Your paper
illustrates that you understand the purpose ofthis project. Thank you – and the best to you in yourfuture classes.
Total Score (200 possible points): 200
points

- Pierre Sanoguet-RiveraWK11ProjSanoguetP

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