Cardiac tamponade and cardiac contusion are two conditions caused by trauma to the heart region. Cardiac tamponade is caused by an accumulation of blood under pressure in the pericardial space, usually due to a penetrating precordial injury. This leads to reduced ventricular filling and decreased cardiac output. Diagnosis is made using echocardiography. Treatment involves pericardiocentesis or pericardiotomy to drain fluid from the pericardial space. Cardiac contusion is caused by blunt trauma to the chest, which damages heart cells and can lead to myocardial necrosis or valve rupture. Symptoms include chest pain and arrhythmias. Treatment focuses on monitoring in the ICU, managing arrhythmias

1. TAPONAMIENTO Y CONTUSION CARDIACA Presentado a : Dr. Manuel de la Cruz Patología Quirúrgica I. Por: Rafael López González 2008-0247

4. TAPONAMIENTO CARDIACO SOLO PRESENTE DE 10 -40 %

6. HIPOTENSION

7. RUIDOS CARDIACOS APAGADOS

8. RX: ENSANCHAMIENTO SILUETA CARDIACA

9. ECOCARDIOGRAFIA: LIQUIDO PERICARDICO

10. ELEVACION DE PVC (PRESION VENOSA CENTRAL) CON DISTENSION DE LAS VENAS DEL CUELLO

11. CIANOSIS EN CABEZA Y CUELLO

13. CateterizacionCardiaca—a tube-like instrument inserted into the heart through a vein or artery (usually in the arm or leg) to detect problems with the heart and its blood supply

14. Rx. De Pecho—a test that uses radiation to take a picture of structures inside the body, especially bones

15. CT —a type of x-ray that uses a computer to make pictures of structures inside the chest

16. MRI — a test that uses magnetic waves to make pictures of structures inside the chest

17. AngiografiaCoronaria—x-rays taken after a dye is injected into the arteries; allows the doctor to look for abnormalities in the arteries

19. Esternotomía mediana o toracotomía Representación esquemática de la técnica de pericardiotomía percutánea con doble balón. 1: Pericardio parietal. 2: Cavidad pericárdica. 3: Catéteres con balón expandidos para producir la ventana pericárdica.

22. TAQUICARDIA PERISITENTE

23. ARRITMIA – SOPLO CARDIACO

24. EKG: CAMBIOS ISQUEMICOS, EXTRASISTOLES, FIBRILACION

25. ISOENZIMAS CARDIACAS ELEVADAS (CPK)

26. ANGIOGRAFIA VENTRICULAR CON RADIONUCLIDOS

28. TRATAMIENTO DE LAS DISRITMIAS

29. MANEJO DEL SHOCK CARDIOGENICO