The distribution of fight time and break time has been determined for National Silat competition (Shapie et al., 2008). Typically 62.6% of the bout is spent in fight time with 30.0 action periods of 15.3 s being performed with break periods averaging 8.4 s. This suggests that Silat exponents are accustomed to numerous of high force intensity action alternating with lower intensity movements throughout match. This information gives an indication of the nature of work and recovery periods within this level of the sport. However, the intensity of the work periods within any sport depends on the nature of the activity being performed. Therefore, the purpose of the current case study was to describe the detailed activity that occurs during the fight time of a Silat bout. #drnizamshapie #senigayungfatani #fatanimalaysia #majlissilatmalaysia #senisilatmalaysia #psgfm

1. The 3rd International Workshop of the International Society of Performance Analysis of Sport
University of Lincoln, 6th-7th April 2009
Activity during action time in international Silat competition
Mohamad Nizam Mohamed Shapie1,2,3, Jon Oliver2, Peter O’Donoghue2 and Richard Tong2
1Seni Silat Malaysia, Ministry of Culture, Arts and Tourism, Malaysia
2Cardiff School of Sport, University of Wales Institute Cardiff, Cyncoed Campus, Cardiff, Wales, CF23 6XD, UK.
3Sport Centre, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
The distribution of fight time and break time has been determined for
National Silat competition (Shapie et al., 2008). Typically 62.6% of the bout is
spent in fight time with 30.0 action periods of 15.3 s being performed with break
periods averaging 8.4 s. This suggests that Silat exponents are accustomed to
numerous of high force intensity action alternating with lower intensity movements
throughout match. This information gives an indication of the nature of work and
recovery periods within this level of the sport. However, the intensity of the work
periods within any sport depends on the nature of the activity being performed.
Therefore, the purpose of the current case study was to describe the detailed
activity that occurs during the fight time of a Silat bout.
Introduction
Methods
A DVD recording of a single national bout was entered into the Focus X2
system (Elite Sports Analysis, Delgaty Bay, Scotland) and the system used to
identify 14 different types of event performed by the 2 contestants as well as the
start and end of action periods.
An intra-operator reliability study revealed that the strength of agreement for
action was moderate (k = 0.44), the athlete performing the action was moderate
(k = 0.47) and the outcome of an action was fair (k = 0.25). The chronologically
recorded sequence of events was exported into Microsoft Excel for further
analysis.
The events were classified into 3 broad types : Block, Kick and Other.
Shapie, M.N.M., Oliver, J., O’Donoghue, P.G. and Tong, R. (2008), Distribution of fight time and break
time in international Silat competition, In Performance Analysis of Sport VIII (Edited by Hokelmann, A.
and Brummond, M.), 667-672.
Results
Table 1 shows the actions performed during the contest and their
outcomes. Clearly the table indicates that kick and punch were the two important
skills that needed by the Silat exponent. Table 2 shows the frequency profile of the
2 contestants. A chi square test of independence revealed that the two contest
performed a different profile of actions during the bout (c2
2 = 39.8, p < 0.001) with
the blue contestant performing more kicks and less blocks proportionately than
the red contestant. The match was won by the blue contestant. A chi square test
of independence also revealed no significant association between an action
performed by a contestant and the previous action that they performed (c2
4 = 7.6,
p = 0.108). The red contestant performed 0.34 events per s of fight time while the
blue contestant performed 0.33.
Discussion
The data about the nature of the activity performed within fight periods
can be combined with the analysis done by Shapie et al. (2008) to provide a
detailed description of the demands of the sport and assist in the development of
specific training programmes. The approach used here would be useful to apply
to other sports whose work and rest periods have been investigated to give a
greater understanding of the type and frequency of action within the work
periods.
The match shows that 57 % of the actions were contributed by kick and
punch actions. These indicated that a good ability of kicking and punching are
important for every contestant that involve in Silat competition. Interestingly ,
82.4% of the punch hit the target. While, only 12.9 % of the kick hit the target.
Thus it is important to know that punching is the most important skill that
identical for Silat exponent because of high percentage of hitting the target.
Others actions contribute of 20.3% of the actions. Here the others
actions was the off fight-contact actions that performed by silat exponents once
the referee has started the fight and also after performed more than 4 kinds of
attack and defence in a row between both of the exponents. The aerobic
sources contribute to the energy required during the off fight-contact period in a
round of Silat match. Off fight-contact actions is a low intensity event where both
of the silat exponents performing low activity actions such as “sikap pasang”
posture or coming close to each other using Silat step pattern “pola langkah”.
Block techniques is the common actions in Silat with 100% hit target.
This mean both of the silat exponent are good in using blocking techniques in
dealing with any attacks. The red exponents work action (121 actions) was
greater than blue exponents (116 actions). It was also showed that the red
exponents less kick compare to blue exponent. This is identical for this match as
the red exponent was shorter than blue exponent. Thus, the perfect skill for red
exponent was to score point using hand (to close the reach from being kick). In
contrast, the blue exponent strike more using kick. With 2:1 ratio of work to rest
in Silat match, it is important to determine the perfect skills that contribute to
score points besides developing the energy system that involved in Silat
competition.
Conclusion
The results of this study complement those of the broad work and rest
study undertaken by Shapie et al. (2008). It is recommended that those
developing conditioning elements of training programmes for Silat athletes are
aware of the frequency and spread of durations of action and rest periods within
Silat bouts as well as the nature of the activity that is performed within the action
periods. The approach adopted in the current paper should be used to explore
the nature of work performed in other sports where the frequency and duration of
high intensity activity periods fails to provide sufficient information to fully
characterise the demands of the sport.
Table 2. Frequency profile of two contestants
Table 1. Actions and outcomes recorded.
Contestant Block Kick Other Total
Blue 5 76 35 116
Red 21 31 69 121
Total 26 107 104 237
Action Outcome
Hit elsewhere Hit Target Miss opponent N/A Total
Block & Kick 8 1 9
Block & Punch 1 1 2
Block & Swipe 1 1
Block 14 14
Catch 3 2 5
Dodge 1 1
End Round 3 3
Flick Kick 6 6
Flick Punch 3 3
Kick 76 13 12 101
Others 48 48
Punch 4 28 2 34
Self release 3 3
Start Action 31 31
Start Break 31 31
Start Round 3 3
Swipe 1 4 5
Topple 1 3 1 5
Total 90 63 25 127 305