Ocean threats and management

1. A sea of Opportunities
A SWOT of the Future of Our Seas
Luc van Hoof
January 12th, 2016

2. Today’s menu
 The Big Challenge
 Use of the seas!
 SWOT
 2050?
 2050!

3. Planet EARTH???
 70% of our world is
ocean

4. The Challenge
 Feeding the world
 Renewable energy production
 Blue Growth

5. To feed 9-10 billion people by 2050
Blue Revolution

6. Thinking of the Sea
Several images come to mind

7. Geographical area

8. Ecosystem

9. Political Area

10. Ruimte voor
Scheepvaart
Zandwinning
Windenergie
Olie & gas winning
Natuurbescherming
Aquacultuur
Recreatievissers
Visserij
Watersport
Defensie
Kabels & Leidingen
Zandsuppletie

11. Future use of the Sea
• World demand for fish & fish products
• Aquaculture
• Recreational Fisheries
• Marine Tourism
• Shipping
• Wind farms
• Oil & Gas
• Conservation

12. Its getting crowded
 More activities out at sea
 More sectors
 More stakes
 More stakeholders
 Globalisation

14. Strengths
 Lots of space
 Lots of water
 Lots of resources
 A lot of potential
● Food, feed, pharmaceuticals, energy,
transport, ingredients, materials,
minerals, nature, climate buffer
 Lots of possibilities

15. Weaknesses
 Not all waters are equal  coastal zone vs high seas
 Lack of an ocean knowledge base
 Also on the potential economic challenges
 Resilience but tipping points
 Open Access  Jurisdictions
 Lack of management of critical marine resources
 Governance, regulation and ocean policy

16. Opportunities: Blue Growth (1)
 Aquaculture
 Seagriculture
 Coastal tourism
 Marine biotechnology
 Ocean energy
 Seabed mining

17. Opportunities: Ocean Food production
Fisheries?
●Discards & Management
Sea ranching
Mari-culture
Building with Nature

18. Options
 Produce more food
 Sustainable Intensification
 Ecosystem approaches
 Ocean production
 More efficient use of food
 there is no such thing as waste
 Alternative sources of proteins
 “Ingredientisation”

19. Major threats to the world's oceans (1)
 Unsustainable fishing
 threat to ocean life, habitats, livelihoods and
food security

20. Major threats to the world's oceans (2)
 Inadequate protection
 MPAs, working policies

21. Major threats to the world's oceans (3)
 Tourism & Urban Development
 Coastlines and the coastal zone

22. Major threats to the world's oceans (4)
 Shipping
 oil spills, ship groundings, anchor damage, and
the dumping of rubbish, ballast water, and oily
waste

23. Major threats to the world's oceans (5)
 Oil & gas
 prospecting and drilling  windfarms
 Oil spills
 What to do with abandoned equipment

24. Major threats to the world's oceans (6)
 Pollution
 sewage, garbage, fertilizers, pesticides,
industrial chemicals, plastics

25. Major threats to the world's oceans (7)
 Aquaculture
 pollution the farms discharge, escaped farmed
fish, increased parasite loads, and the need to
catch wild fish as feed.

26. Major threats to the world's oceans (8)
 Climate Change
 Coral bleaching, rising sea levels, changing
species distributions

27. So where will we be in 2050?

28. 2050?
Marine Dead Zones

29. 2050!
seaweed
statice
samphire spirulina