Islamic Architecture 2016

1. NAME:Muatasimah Billah Bt. Saleh
STUDENT ID:0316071
TITLE:Hadith And Architecture (& its relation to Tawhid)
MOSQUE:Al-Hasanah Mosque, Bangi
APA REFERENCE RESEARCH
METHOD
MAIN OBJECTIVE PAPER TITLE TOPIC/DISCUSSION REMARKS
- Studies
- Surveys
Toseekand
understandingofthe
architectural
interpretationfrom the
values of the alQuran
andSunnah
Architectural
interpretation
from the
values of the
al Quranand
Sunnah
 Themosque
purelybasedon
the principleof
Islam (Al Quran
andHadith).
1. Themosque
basedon the
conceptofunity,
balance,and
harmonythat are
the pillarsof Islamic
ethics.
2. Mosquedoesnot
relateto certain
religious
monumentsor
elementof design
but it relates to
humanculture,
interaction,comfort,
andenvironment.
Abdelrahman,E. (2010).
TheinfluenceofHadith
on the architectureof
earlycongregational
mosques.University of
Leeds.
- Openin-
depthinterview
Tounderstandthe
influenceofHadithon
the architectureofearly
congregationalmosques
Theinfluence
of Hadīth on
the
architectureof
early
congregational
mosques
 Thereasons
behindthe role
of Ḥadīth in
shapingmosque
1. Therearefew
aspectsof influence
of the Quranon the
mosques.
2. Theinfluenceof
Ḥadīth onmosque
architectureisin
contradictionwith
the fact that the idea
of the mosqueitself
is intrinsicallya
result of Ḥadīth
teachings.
ISLAM AND
ARCHITECTURE
Architectural
interpretationfrom
the values of the al
Quranand
sunnah.(n.d.).
Retrieved June11,
2016,from
https://www.acade
mia.edu/2451718/I
SLAM_AND_ARC
HITECTURE_Arch
itectural_interpreta
tion_from_the_val
ues_
f_the_al_Quran_a
nd_sunnah?auto=
download

2. Rasdi,M. T.H. M.
(1998).Themosqueas
a community
developmentcentre:
programme and
architecturaldesign
guidelinesfor
contemporaryMuslim
societies.Penerbit
UTM.
- Review of
current
literature
Tounderstandthe
functionof the mosque
andits concept
Themosque
as a
community
development
centre
 Relationshipof
the mosqueand
the Hadith
1. Thestrategy in
developinga
mosqueissaid to
be adoptby the
teachingsofthe
Quranandthe
Sunnahof the
Prophetin every
aspectof lives.
2. Theworkis an
attempttowards
definingthe
frameworkfor the
architectural
planninganddesign
of mosquesto cater
for the present
lifestyles of Muslims
whosesystem of
values is deeply
rootedin the
teachingsofthe
Prophet.
3. Theexternalidea
of the mosque is
shownto bea
reflectionof the
Prophet’s
conceptionofthe
mosqueasa center
of the Muslim
communityandnot
as a buildingmainly
for the performance
of ritual worship.
4. In orderto
identifythe external
ideaof the mosque,
it is importantto
considerthe
Prophet’s
conceptionofthe
mosqueduringhis
lifetime.

3.  Theideaof the
Mosquefrom
the Al- Hadith.
Theprophet’s
saying about
Mosques
5. TheQuranand
the hadithare used
to identify the early
functionsof the
mosque.
1. Thekey wordsin
Hadithstate that a
mosqueismeantfor
the purposesof “the
remembranceof
Allah, prayer and
the recitationof the
Quran.
2. TheHadith
reinforced theidea
that a mosque
shouldfunctionas
an educational
centrefor the
community.It also
pointsto the use of
the mosqueasa
socialcentre for
communityto
gather.
3. It is quoted from
the Hadiththat a
mosqueissacred
andits cleanliness
mustbe preserved
well.
4. Themosque
shouldbe simple
andhumbleasto
representmodesty.
Soomro,A. R., &
Awawda, H. M.(2014).
Usingessenceof
Islamic architectureasa
referencefor shapping
today’s contemporary
Islamic architecture.
ScienceInternational
Lahore,26(3), 1337-
1349.
- Analysis
- Research
Identifying the values of
Quran andHadithin
termsof ideology
Usingessence
of Islamic
Architecture
As a
Reference
Thephilosophicaldepth
of the Islamic
Architecture
1. Thevalues from
QuranandHadith
cannotbe
cancelledorignored
in the processof
thinkingabout
architectureandany
fieldof knowledge.
2. Thissystem is
linkedwith three
termsin Islam,

4. Tawhid,thespiritual
relationbetweenthe
Creatorand His
slaves, andKhilafa,
(the conceptof
coexistencewith
nature.)
Spahic,O. (2011).
ProphetMuhammad’s
observations and
guidanceonthe
constructionof
buildings.Insights.
- Review of
current
literature
Tounderstandthe
conceptandformation
of the architecturein
relationto the Qu’ran
andthe prophet.
Guidanceof
the Prophet
Muhammad
on the
constructionof
buildings
 TheQur’anand
the Prophet’s
sunnah
(traditions)as
the foundationof
Islamic
architecture
1. TheQur’anand
sunnahapproachto
architectureserve
as an everlasting
sourceof inspiration
anda catalyst for
matchlessingenuity.
2. TheQur’anand
sunnahdo not
speakabout
howthe ways
mosquesareto be
designed,
but they speak
aboutmosque
activitiesand many
other issuesthat are
pertinentto the
mosque
andso must be
consideredwhen
designingmosques.
Nor dothey speak
abouthow to make
buildings
environment
friendly, but they are
very muchconcern
aboutthe meaning
and
significance ofthe
environmentand
our manyduties
towardsand rights
over it. Nor do they
speakabout howto
makebuildings
perfectlysafe,
secureandclean,
but they are
categorical in

5. Questions:
1. What do you feel uponenteringthe mosque?
2. Whichpart of the mosquecanyou feel the presenceoratmosphereofTawhid? Why?
3. Doesthe aesthetic designofthe mosquegives off the Tawhidpresence?
4. Do you think the designof the mosquereflectsthesunnahof the prophet’sin termsof modestyand
simplicity?
5. Do you think the mosque’sprivacyis enough?Especiallyfor the women?
6. What do you feel whenpraying insidethemosque?
7. Do you prefer praying at homeor at the mosque?Why? Does it give a feelingof closerto God (Allah)?
8. Do you think the design/decorationofthemosque isdistracting?
9. Do you think it’s a good idea to have an educationalcenterinsideamosque? Why?
10. What do you think of the environmentof the mosque?
11. Is thereany significantspaceofthe mosquethat you like the most?Why?
12. In your opinion,doyou think the size, design,and environmentof the mosquereflectsthesunnahof the
Prophet?
Linkto papers:
1.
https://www.academia.edu/2451718/ISLAM_AND_ARCHITECTURE_Architectural_interpretation_from_the_values_o
f_the_al_Quran_and_sunnah
2. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/1696/
3.
https://books.google.com.my/books?hl=en&lr=&id=2tCkVZgHiLkC&oi=fnd&pg=PR13&dq=The+Mosque+as+a+Com
munity+Development+Centre:+Programme+and+Architectural+&ots=gnYVzM8_cv&sig=BZp1AiKLgfIdwCNdH440_F
8M9iQ&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=The%20Mosque%20as%20a%20Community%20Development%20Centre%3A
%20Programme%20and%20Architectural&f=false
4. http://www.sci-int.com/pdf/6110965871337-1349-ALI%20RAZA%20SOOMRO-FINAL.pdf
5. http://irep.iium.edu.my/3399/2/PakistanProphet'sAttitudeArchitecture.pdf
establishingsafety,
securityand
cleanlinessamong
the most important
principlesinIslam

6. Interview Questions (Translated in Malay) :
Name :Mohd Arif
Umur : 28
Jantina : Lelaki
Tauhid : Konsep yang mempercayai bahawa Tuhan it hanya satu. Bermakna mengEsakan Allah. Dari
sudut penghayatan dalam kehidupan, ia membawa erti mengenal, berikrar, mengakui, mempercayai dan
meyakini bahawa sesungguhnya sembahan yang benar dan berhak disembah ialah hanya Allah
Subhanahuwata’ala semata-mata.
Soalan :
1. Apa yang anda rasa apabila memasuki masjid?
Rasa tenang.
2. Bahagian masjid yang manakah anda dapat merasakan kehadiran dan suasana Tauhid?
Mengapa?
Saf pertama kerana fadilat banyak.
3. Adakah reka bentuk estetik masjid ini mengeluarkan kehadiran Tauhid itu?
Tak semua.
4. Adakah anda fikir reka bentuk masjid in mencerminkan sunnah nabi dari segi kesopanan
dan keserhanaan?
Ikut maslahat sekarang, ya.

7. 5. Anda anda fikir privasi masjid ini cukup? Terutama bagi wanita?
Untuk lelaki cukup. Untuk perempuan juga kerana sekarang mereka sudah tambah cermin gelap di
bahagian sisi dinding dalam ruang solatmereka, jadi mereka tidak kelihatan.
6. Apa yang anda rasa apabila berdoa di dalam masjid? Perasaan itu bagaimana?
Rasa senang dimakbulkan dan hati terasa sayu.
7. Adakah anda lebih suka berdoa di dalam rumah atau di masjid? Mengapa? Adakah ia
memberi rasa lebih dekat kepada Allah?
Di masjid kerana suasana malaikat. Ya, ia memberi rasa lebih dekatkepada Allah.
8. Adakah anda fikir reka bentuk/hiasan masjid ini menganggu?
Tidak.
9. Anda ada fikir ia adalah idea yang baik untuk mempunyai pusat pendidikan di dalam
masjid? Mengapa?
Idea yang baik kerana mengimarahkan rumah Allah.
10. Apa yang anda fikir tentang persekitaran masjid?
Bersih dan banyak kemudahan.
11. Adakah terdapat mana-mana ruang dalam masjid ini yang anda paling suka? Mengapa?
Tiada. Semua tempat sama kerana semua dapatitikar dan pahala.
12. Pada pendapat anda, adakah saiz, reka bentuk dan alam sekitar masjid itu mencerminkan
sunnah Rasullah?
Kalau ikut betul betul zaman nabi memang tiada, tapi kerana maslahat zaman ini ia diperlukan.

8. Name :Othman Nawawi
Umur : 45
Jantina : Lelaki
Tauhid : Konsep yang mempercayai bahawa Tuhan it hanya satu. Bermakna mengEsakan Allah. Dari
sudut penghayatan dalam kehidupan, ia membawa erti mengenal, berikrar, mengakui, mempercayai dan
meyakini bahawa sesungguhnya sembahan yang benar dan berhak disembah ialah hanya Allah
Subhanahuwata’ala semata-mata.
Soalan :
1. Apa yang anda rasa apabila memasuki masjid?
Rasa tenang dan rasa syukur.
2. Bahagian masjid yang manakah anda dapat merasakan kehadiran dan suasana Tauhid?
Mengapa?
Saf pertama/hadapan di tempat solatkerana fadilatnya lebih.
3. Adakah reka bentuk estetik masjid ini mengeluarkan kehadiran Tauhid itu?
Hanya sebahagian sahaja.
4. Adakah anda fikir reka bentuk masjid in mencerminkan sunnah nabi dari segi kesopanan
dan keserhanaan?
Ya.
5. Anda anda fikir privasi masjid ini cukup? Terutama bagi wanita?
Masih ada ruang yang perlu diperbaiki lagi.Terdapatsetengah tempatyang ada kurang privasi
kerasa dinding bahagian di tempatitu berlubang *batu bercorak*
6. Apa yang anda rasa apabila berdoa di dalam masjid? Perasaan itu bagaimana?
Rasa lebih khusyu’. Doa dimakbulkan dan rasa ketenangan.

9. 7. Adakah anda lebih suka berdoa di dalam rumah atau di masjid? Mengapa? Adakah ia
memberi rasa lebih dekat kepada Allah?
Di masjid. Masjid rumah Allah dan tempat yang paling suci berbanding di rumah. Ya, terasa lebih
dekatkepada Allah.
8. Adakah anda fikir reka bentuk/hiasan masjid ini menganggu?
Tidak menganggu.
9. Anda ada fikir ia adalah idea yang baik untuk mempunyai pusat pendidikan di dalam
masjid? Mengapa?
Ya, kerana mengikutsunnah nabi. Selain itu, tujuan atau kegunaan masjid adalah untuk belajar.
10. Apa yang anda fikir tentang persekitaran masjid?
Alhamdulillah, persekitarannya baik. Mesra pengguna dan memudahkan Jemaah.
11. Adakah terdapat mana-mana ruang dalam masjid ini yang anda paling suka? Mengapa?
Ruang solat kerana dapat semangatuntuk beribadah.
12. Pada pendapat anda, adakah saiz, reka bentuk dan alam sekitar masjid itu mencerminkan
sunnah Rasullah?
Hampir. Masih perlu diperbaharui.

10. Report
Abstract
Islamic architecture is combination of both Islam and architecture. The meaning is architecture that purely
based on the principle of Islam (Al Quran and Hadith). This meaning is widely accepted compare to other
understanding, which is - architecture produce in the Muslim country and only Muslim society possesses it.
For example, minarets, arches, and dome are some of architectural elements that associated with Islam
and known as Islamic architecture. Islamic architecture is based on the concept of unity, balance, and
harmony that are the pillars ofIslamic ethics. It does notrelate to certain religious monuments or elementof
design butitrelates to human culture, interaction, comfort, and environment. It is the architecture where the
form serves its specific function (functional architecture.)
This projectincludes the research and study ofliterature on Hadith and Architecture and the influence on
Al-Hasanah mosque in Bangi. In order to understand the social and physical framework ofHadith and
Architecture, it is important to analyze and understand the Islamic legal system and its relation to hadith.
Through its concept, sources and method ofapplication, this system is the origin ofthe principles ofthese
frameworks. Based on the study, analysis and interviews, this research mainly discuss on the influence of
Hadith and its relations to the Islamic Architecture.
Introduction
What is Architecture? – Architecture is an art and science ofdesigning buildings. In other word, it is an act
of re-shaping the existing natural environmentto suit the need and comfortofhumankind.
According to the Islamic Tawhid, constructed buildings are meantnotonly to meetsome ofthe necessary
requirements in relation to man’s existence on earth, but also to facilitate, foster and stimulate his ibadah
practices entrusted to him by Allah, thus helping him to elevate his status to a dignity above other creation
and honorably live up to his reputation as the steward ofcreation.
Hadith + Architecture
Hadith is a collection oftraditions containing sayings ofthe prophetMuhammad that, with accounts of his
daily practice (the Sunnah), constitute the major source ofguidance for Muslims apart from the Quran. His
sayings, actions and expressions are a fountain of guidance for the believers. The Hadith is the second
pillar after the Quran upon which every Muslim rests his faith. As mostMuslims are aware, the life example
of the ProphetMuhammad is the basis for the beliefs and laws of Islam.

11. Architecture is not only to be looked at, itis also, and that is more important, to be experienced,feltand
emotionally attached to. ProphetMuhammad (SAW) viewed architecture neither as a sheer religious
ceremony nor a completely and solely secular business.
In fact, it is a combination ofboth, in that Islam is a complete way oflife and there is no human activity in
Islam that is ever devoid ofa spiritual connotation, as well as in that there is no religious ritual that is
directly linked to any architectural activity. Hadith contains many references to the use and functions ofthe
mosque during Prophet’s time.