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CSS Preprocesory
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Michal Krchnavy
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Uvod do CSS preprocesorov LESS, SCSS, SASS. Ich vlastnosti, a priklady pouzitia.
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CSS Preprocesory
1.
© ANASOFT 2016 CSS
PREPROCESORY Michal Krchňavý Senior .NET Developer
2.
© ANASOFT 2016 AGENDA •
CSS preprocesory • čo to je? • druhy a porovnanie • ako nám vedia pomôcť • čo dokážu • Ako ich vieme použiť vo Visual studiu • Ako ich použiť v projekte moderne a cool
3.
© ANASOFT 2016 DRUHY
A POROVNANIE • LESS • SASS -> Syntax SCSS (Sassy CSS) - v3 • SASS -> Syntax SASS (Syntactically Awesome Stylesheets) • starý syntax • bez zátvoriek, silne závisel od odsadzovania textu • inšpirovaný zo syntaxe 'Haml' • Sample: https://cdn.tutsplus.com/net/uploads/legacy/421_sass/1.png • Stylus • Jade 24.6.2016 3
4.
© ANASOFT 2016 DRUHY
A POROVNANIE • LESS • *.less • ccs 14000 github stars • väčšia komunita • http://lesscss.org/ • online playground: http://lesstester.com/ • podporuje kompiláciu v prehliadači pomocou less.js • Bootstrap v <= 3 • najjednoduchší na naučenie • SCSS • *.scss • ccs 8000 github stars • http://sass-lang.com/ • online playground: http://www.sassmeister.com/ • teraz už aj Bootstrap (V4), Foundation • Stylus • *.styl • http://stylus-lang.com/ • online playground: http://stylus-lang.com/try.html 05.11.2013 4
5.
© ANASOFT 2016 DEMO
#1 Jednoduché demo (nech viete o čom hovorím) prazdne: http://codepen.io/zemacik/pen/beBoKa?editors=1100 LESS hotove: http://codepen.io/zemacik/pen/OXbxPX?editors=1100 SCSS hotove: http://codepen.io/zemacik/pen/beBoxa?editors=1100 5
6.
© ANASOFT 2016 VLASTNOSTI
A DEMO #2 • Premenné • Mixiny • Extend • Vnáranie, a rodič • Vnáranie media queries • Matematické funkcie • Funkcie na prácu s farbami • Podmienky, cykly • @import 6
7.
© ANASOFT 2016 AKO
BUILDOVAŤ • špeciálne UI aplikácie • napr. Prepros, CodeKit, Koala a ďalšie. • editory a IDE • natívna podpora alebo rozšírenia • Grunt, Gulp, Webpack a iné .... • príkazový riadok • nutnosť mať vhodné nástroje • Stylus a LESS (Javascript), SASS (Ruby) • kompilácia v prehliadači (LESS) 7
8.
© ANASOFT 2016 VÝHODY/
NEVÝHODY Výhody: • znovupoužiteľnosť blokov • zlepšujú kvalitu kódu • spravovateľnosť, a organizácia • metodiky organizácie CSS kódu: OOCSS, BEM, SMACSS • rýchlosť vývoja • rýchlejšie písanie kódu (mixiny, premenné) • použitie existujúcich knižníc • frameworky ako Bootstrap, Foundation • mixin knižnice: Bourbon, Compass nebo LESShat • Vlastné knižnice mixinov Nevýhody: • pridanie ďalšieho nutného kroku do build procesu • treba sa učiť ďalší jazyk / syntax 8
9.
© ANASOFT 2016 AKÝ
PREPROCESOR VYBRAŤ ? • LESS • veľmi jednoduchý na naučenie • maximálne rešpektuje povahu CSS (deklaratívnosť) • podmienky a cykly nie sú veľmi elegantné • SASS • imperatívny charakter: • podmienky a cykly odpovedajú bežným programovacím jazykom • niekedy čítať existujúce SASS je zverstvo, a ťažké na porozumenie Takže: • Pre vývojárov skôr SASS alebo Stylus • Dizajnérom a začiatočníkom LESS • Pre nás ? LESS 9
10.
© ANASOFT 2016 POUŽITIE
VO VISUAL STUDIU • Visual Studio 2013 • preprocesory štandartne neboli podporované • rozšírenie WebEssentials 2013 od Mads Kristensen • kompilácia pri uložení súboru • split view (less|css) alebo (scss|css) • jednoduché a účinné • Visual Studio 2015 • všetko je inak (podpora bola odstránená z Web essentials 2015) • Mads vytvoril ďalšie rozšírenie Web compiler • kompiluje LESS, Sass Stylus, JSX, ES6 and CoffeeScript) • na pozadí používa Task runner explorer • https://visualstudiogallery.msdn.microsoft.com/3b329021-cd7a-4a01-86fc-714c2d05bb6c • (LESS) nuget: System.Web.Optimization.Less (nie je od MS) • LessBundle v BundleConfig.cs • Grunt, Gulp - CI, Build servery - ??? 10
11.
© ANASOFT 2016 DEMO
#3 Web compiler Visual Studio 2015 extension https://github.com/zemacik/AnaWorkshop-CssPrep-Demos 11
12.
© ANASOFT 2016 DEMO
#4 Moderný spôsob https://github.com/zemacik/AnaWorkshop-CssPrep-Demos 12
13.
© ANASOFT 2016 KONIEC Ďakujem
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