1. TECH FEST 2014
Tobacco or smoking is big problem in
the world now a days. Many premature death occur by the use of tobacco
also occur big economic loss.
Smoking refers to the inhalation and
exhalation of fumes from burning tobacco in cigars, cigarettes and pipes.
People use tobacco by cigarette, cigar, betel etc. Among of this 80%
peoples are use with cigarette.
Fig: Absorption of nicotine by different process.
Why People use tobacco ?
When peoples are use tobacco nicotine
reach blood passes from the lung to the brain within seven seconds and
immediately stimulates the release of many chemical messengers such as
acetylcholine, epinephrine, serotonin, dopamine and beta-endorphin. The
release of neurotransmitters and hormones are responsible for most
psychoactive effects. Serotonin is responsible for good feeling and
acetylcholine reduces pain.
Introduction
Statistical data on Tobacco use
Every cigarette contain 9 mg nicotine. There is enough nicotine in 4-5
cigarettes to kill an average adult if ingested whole.
It also contain Ambergris, radioactive lead and polonium. Hydrogen
cyanide which is used as a genocidal chemical agent during world war II.
Chemicals contain in tobacco
5.4 million people death annually worldwide because of tobacco related
diseases. Per day 14000 people and Per 8 second a human life is lost for
tobacco use.
In Bangladesh the data also cross the red
mark. Every year 95000 people died by
tobacco related diseases.
Tobacco related diseases:
Tobacco accounts for produce cancer.
At least 30% of all cancer produce by the
tobacco. Most of the case occur lung cancer. People normally use tobacco
by smoking. Cigarette contain huge amount of nicotine and radio active
compounds. Which are absorbed by lungs, when people come to sunlight
radioactive compounds produce radiation and cancer occur.
In Bangladesh 1.2 million people are affected by lung cancer.
Tobacco linked with an increase risk of other cancer like-
 Larynx
 Oral cavity
 Nose
 Pharynx
 Esophagus
 Stomach
 Pancreas
 Kidney
 Bladder
 Ovary
 Colorectal
Heart Disease
Tobacco causes atherosclerosis or hardening
of the arteries. This condition is a buildup
of fatty substances in the arteries. Fat and
plaque block the blood flow and create
narrowing of the arteries. This results in
heart disease.
Hazard of Tobacco use
Agricultural hazard:
Tobacco also create hazard in agriculture
system. No other crops can be cultivated where tobacco are cultivate. The
land totally destroy for tobacco cultivation. No insect can be alive near the
tobacco plant so no fertilization occur of other crops. When tobacco leaves
are burned so much smoke come out which are bad for the nature and other
plants. Which may create the lacking of food in the world. For large
cultivation of tobacco the lands of other plants are going to narrow.
Approximately 4.2 million hectare land
are use for tobacco all over the world. China is largest user of land for
tobacco approximately 2.1 million hectare.
Bangladesh also use huge land for
tobacco cultivation. Bangladesh is a country with
large amount of population. If the cultivation land
of food make narrow by cultivation of tobacco
may be create big food problem in future.
Bangladesh had 9.57 million hectare
cultivation land in which approximately
38000 hectare land are use for tobacco.
Tobacco companies are provided loan to
the farmers for cultivation tobacco but do not give loan for other crops. Thus
farmers are interested to cultivation tobacco.
Impotence:
Tobacco is a major risk factor for peripheral
vascular disease, which narrows the blood
vessels that carry blood to different areas
of the body. Blood vessels to the penis may
be affected, resulting in erectile dysfunction.
80% impotence occur by tobacco use.
Economic hazard
Tobacco or cigarettes have no useful element for health. Purchases of
tobacco affect the total economic system. Money used for tobacco are
totally wasted.
Every year 1.7 trillion, every day 15
billion and every minute 3 million cigarettes are sold.
By using tobacco people affect with
tobacco related diseases. Treatment cost of tobacco related diseases is very
high. Most recently show that tobacco attributable economic cost of
America are estimated $332.5 billion. This totally includes-
 Direct medical care of adults.
 Lost productivity due to premature deaths.
 Lost productivity due to exposure to secondhand smoke.
Fig: Tobacco attributable cost of America.
Annual healthcare cost attributable to
tobacco related illness in Bangladesh Tk 50.9 billion including Tk 5.8
billion to treat the diseases caused by exposure to secondhand tobacco
smoke.
In addition to tobacco use leading to
sizable health care costs the premature deaths and disability caused by
tobacco result in significant lost productivity. In most high income
countries these costs are about the same or slightly higher then the health
care costs caused by tobacco use. Conservative estimates for Bangladesh
similarly find that the lost productivity costs due to tobacco use are
somewhat higher than the health care costs.
A very conservative estimate of the
economic costs of tobacco use in Bangladesh is Tk 110 billion which is
over 3% of GDP.
Fig: Economic costs of tobacco use in Bangladesh.
Findings basis of Bangladesh perspectives
 We burning billion of money with tobacco every year.
 Average health condition of Bangladeshi peoples are not well as result
we can not consume harmful effects of nicotine products.
 Bangladesh is a developing country so economic conditions are not well
for treatments when people affected by tobacco related diseases.
 Even we have no available lands for cultivation of our main crops. If we
cultivate tobacco as a result our fertile land will be narrow and also
diminished fertility of our cultivation lands.
 Most of the peoples are Muslims in Bangladesh so the habit of tobacco
use do not match with our moral values.
Acknowledgement
Thanks for the contribution of our Honorable teacher to help us to
designing and prepare this poster.
Mr. Md. Josim Uddin.
Lecturer
Department of Pharmacy, IIUC
Reference
1. http://www.cancer.org/cancer/cancercauses/tobaccocancer/cigarettesmoking/cigarette-
smoking-illness-and-death
2. http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SH.PRV.SMOK.MA
3. http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SH.PRV.SMOK.FE
4. http://www.cancer.org/cancer/cancercauses/tobaccocancer/questionsaboutsmokingtobacc
oandhealth/questions-about-smoking-tobacco-and-health-tob-and-economy
5. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Smoking#Health_effects_and_regulation
6. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cultivation_of_tobacco
7. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tobacco_smoking#Methods
8. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nicotine#Addiction
About 3 billion people are using tobacco all over the world. In which 49%
male and 11% female use tobacco. 8oooo to 100000 kids also start tobacco
use in a day world wide.
%of tobacco user in different countries-
Fig: %of tobacco user in different countries.
In Bangladesh about 76.8 million people
are use tobacco by smoking and smokeless. In which 46% male and 2%
female. Most of them are use tobacco with cigarette. Big percentages of
people suffer for tobacco related diseases.
Department of Pharmacy, IIUC
Md.Ibrahim Tarek,
Tobacco alarming, An Open Secret
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Argentina Austria Bangladesh Germany Greece Japan China India Nepal
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%of Tobacco use in different countries
Male
Female
Conclusion
From top of the view we can concluded
that if we can able to banned the use of tobacco products as a result we shall
be healthier and we can also save national economy.
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
Male Female
Percentage of tobacco user in world
Male Female
0.00%
10.00%
20.00%
30.00%
40.00%
50.00%
60.00%
70.00%
80.00%
90.00%
Lung cancer Oral cancer Pulmonary
tuberculosis
Chronic obstructive
pulmonary disease
Ischamic heart
disease
Stroke Laryngeal cancer
%of diseases caused by tobacco in BD
$0.00
$20.00
$40.00
$60.00
$80.00
$100.00
$120.00
$140.00
$160.00
$180.00
$200.00
Direct medical care of adults Premature deaths Exposure to secondhand smoke.
Billiondollar
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Total economic costs of tobacco use Cost of treatment related with tobacco diseases Cost of treatment of diseases by secondhand smoke
BillionTaka