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FLIR Consent Agreement
Retrospective Analysis &
Insights for Industry
Part 1
© 2018 TC Engine All Rights Reserved.
Matt Henson is an Export
Compliance Modernization
Specialist working to
address the gap between
the traditional approach to
trade compliance and
virtualization of business
processes. His focus is on
achieving Cyber
Compliance, or compliance
with laws, regulations,
standards and policies in
IT environments.
Scott Edwards is a national
expert and speaker on NIST
800-171, DFARS, and FAR
compliance and
implementation with Office
365 and Azure. Scott’s
technical experience was
honed at NASA as a Senior
Computer Engineer and
the Chief Engineer and
Engineering Manager for
the NASA Datacenter.
PRESENTERS
Follow us on Linked In.
Agenda
• Regulatory Overview
• Introduction to Consent Agreements
• FLIR Overview
• FLIR Proposed Charging Letter Review
• FLIR Consent Agreement Review
• Q&A
Regulatory Overview
REGULATING AUTHORITIES
• Export Compliance – the execution of business transactions in accordance
with the laws and regulations governing exports
EAA / IEEPA AECA
President
Congress
ITAR
USML
EAR
CCL
BIS DDTCRegulators
Regulations
Control Lists
Commercial
/ Dual Use
Items
Military
Items
ITAR Compliance
www.pmddtc.state.gov
Introduction to Consent
Agreements
What is a Consent Agreement?
www.pmddtc.state.gov
Anatomy of a Consent Agreement
Modern "Penalty and Oversight Agreements" typically include three documents:
• Proposed Charging Letter (PCL)
• The "what went wrong"
• A description of the alleged charges/violations
• Consent Agreement (CA)
• The “thou shalts"
• Commitment to compliance, applicability to mergers/acquisitions/divestitures, remedial measures,
Designated Official (DO) responsibilities (if applicable), audit requirements, whether or not the
Respondent has been debarred, and other legalese
• Order
• A summary of the PCL and CA
• Upon execution, the CA is effective and the alleged charges included in the PCL are addressed (so long as
the Respondent holds-up their end of the bargain)
HOW DO CONSENT AGREEMENTS HAPPEN?
AECA
ITAR
USML
DDTC
VSD
Directed Disclosure
• Multiple Repeat Violations
• 126.1 Countries
• SME/MDE
• Willful Violations
• Multiple Repeat Violations
• 126.1 Countries
• SME/MDE
• Willful Violations
• Multiple Repeat Violations
• 126.1 Countries
• SME/MDE
• Willful Violations
• Multiple Repeat Violations
• 126.1 Countries
• SME/MDE
• Willful Violations
DDTC perceives
systemic gaps
Risk
How do you know? Receipt of non-
standard response
BE EXTREMELY
ACCURATE &
FACTUAL IN YOUR
RESPONSES.
HOW’D THE FLIR CONSENT AGREEMENT HAPPEN?
• 18 VSDs
• Directed Disclosures
• Multiple corrective action failures
• Repeat discovery and disclosure of violations
• Disclosed activity continued in violation of the ITAR (1 instance of “willful
violation”)
• Significant Military Equipment (SME)
• 126.1 Countries (Iran, Cuba, Iraq*, Lebanon*, & Vietnam*)
• Issues are “not localized to a specific facility, product line, sales territory, or
authorization type. (i.e., “systemic gaps”)
• 347 alleged ITAR Violations “resulting from Respondent’s inadequate internal
controls and commitment to compliance”
• $30 million penalty
HOW’D THE FLIR CONSENT AGREEMENT HAPPEN?
In DDTC’s words:
•Significant compliance program and internal control
deficiencies that directly contributed to the violations
•Deficient ITAR expertise and senior leadership oversight
•Failure to effectively investigate, uncover, and disclose
violations
•Frequency and repetitive nature of the same violations
•Failure to implement remedial compliance measures
(“corrective actions”) represented to the Department
MITIGATING FACTORS
In DDTC’s words:
•Submitted 18 VSDs
•Entered into an agreement with DDTC
•Instituted a number of self-initiated compliance program
improvements during the course of DDTC’s review
If your company is in DDTC’s crosshairs, you must
stand-up a Trade Compliance Improvement Program
to mitigate Consent Agreement risk.
FLIR Company Overview
FLIR OVERVIEW
•Positions itself as “the world leader in the design,
manufacture, and marketing of thermal infrared cameras”
•Founded in 1978
•Acquisitions in 1990, 1998 (Sweden), & 2003
•Total Revenue: ~$1.8 billion USD (2017)
•3,000+ employees
•3,740 licenses authorizing $9.9 billion in exports over 5 years
MY ASSUMPTIONS ABOUT FLIR
•Highly autonomous businesses
•Limited corporate resources (people/capabilities) and
governance
•Disparate networks and systems
•Decentralized policies, processes, and controls
FLIR Proposed Charging Letter
HOW DDTC VIEWED THE VIOLATIONS
•DDTC’s Categorization:
• Foreign Person Employment
• License Management
• Part 130 Payments
• Additional charges for violations resulting from Respondent’s
inadequate controls and commitment to compliance
PROPOSED CHARGES
• Cyber Compliance – failures in IT systems
• Licensing – failures in obtaining, using, and
maintaining licenses & exemptions
• Shipping – failures in physical shipments of
items
• Part 130 – failures to provide required
reporting
• Trade Show Security – failure to physically
safeguard items
• Corrective Actions – failure to implement
PROPOSED CHARGES – CYBER COMPLIANCE
April 2008 – August 2012 – 4 VSDs
• Disclosed unauthorized exports to DN/TCN employees from over 15 countries (including
Iran, Iraq, and Lebanon)
• Violations occurred at domestic and overseas locations
• In reliance upon reported corrective actions, DDTC closed without further action
June 2014 - VSD
• Full scope of violations not previously reported (Cuba & Vietnam)
• Corrective actions not implemented (confirming nationalities and terminating unauthorized
access)
• Did not collect DN/TCN attributes of personnel at one subsidiary (FLIR AB of Sweden)
• IT Provisioning & Unauthorized Access
Background
PROPOSED CHARGES – CYBER COMPLIANCE
June 2014 VSD - IT Provisioning & Access Controls
US Persons Mixed Users
ITAR = No
ITAR = Yes
Low-Mod
Low Low-Mod
High
PROPOSED CHARGES – CYBER COMPLIANCE
Illegal Exports
• Unauthorized reexports of technical data in IT
Systems
• Continued to allow unauthorized reexports of
technical data
• Allowed 126.1 nationals to access technical data
Record Keeping
• Failure to maintain technical data
reexport records on IT systems (logs)
PROPOSED CHARGES – EXPORT LICENSING
License Application
• Misrepresented and/or omitted material facts
• Failed to disclose citizenship or permanent
Residency
• Attempted use of ineligible party
License Use
• Violation of terms & conditions
• Unauthorized reexport/change of end-use
License Maintenance
• Failure to reflect corporate restructuring
PROPOSED CHARGES – SHIPPING
Temporary Export Shipments
• Failure to obtain endorsements by U.S. Customs (temp)
Shipping Statements
• Misidentification as EAR
• Failure to properly incorporate export control statement
• Failure to ensure freight forwarder correctly identified
SME in EEI filings
Illegal Exports
• Exports to foreign person employees from 126.1
countries
• Exported without license
Record-keeping
• Failure to properly maintain records
PROPOSED CHARGES – PART 130
License Applications
• Failures to disclose fees & commissions
Record-keeping
• Failure to maintain records
Reporting
• Failure to provide required report updates
PROPOSED CHARGES – TRADE SHOWS
Loss or Theft
• Failure to properly safeguard
PROPOSED CHARGES – CORRECTIVE ACTIONS
Corrective Actions
• Failure to stop ongoing violation
• Inaccurate information concerning corrective actions
pertaining to foreign person employees
MY ASSUMPTIONS ABOUT FLIR’S COMPLIANCE PROGRAM
•Legacy export compliance program designed for
yesterday’s paradigm
•The focus is on Physical Domain Controls:
•Physical Location Controls – e.g. TCPs, Signage, etc.
•Physical Access Controls – e.g. Foreign Person Employment,
Visitor Controls, Badging, Locks, etc.
•Physical Transfer Controls – e.g. Freight Shipments, Courier
Shipments, and Hand-carry
28
•Characteristics of FLIR’s Legacy Export Compliance
Program:
•Paper policy dependent
•Tribal knowledge dependent
•User behavior dependent
•Manually executed
•Opaque
• Manual execution leads to lack of visibility, which leads to…
• Lack of oversight
•Geared for Physical Domain Controls
•Decentralized 29
MY ASSUMPTIONS ABOUT FLIR’S COMPLIANCE PROGRAM
•They generally don’t know:
• What their data is,
• Its value,
• Where it is located,
• Who has access,
• When it’s being transferred, and to whom, or
• Whether or not location, access, and transfers are export compliant
•They lack visibility into our cyber assets and transactions
•They lack cyber compliance capabilities
30
MY ASSUMPTIONS ABOUT FLIR’S COMPLIANCE PROGRAM
Legacy Approach to Export Controls
Business Cycle
Classify & control
time of export
shipment
Data exchanged with Customers
Data exchanged with Vendors
If your external data exchanges
look like this, you have significant
risk.
Legacy Approach to Export Controls
Business Cycle
Data exchanged internally
If your internal data exchanges
look like this, you have significant
risk.
Classify & control
time of export
shipment
If the previous slides described your compliance program,
you’re company is at risk of becoming the next FLIR.
33
WORD OF CAUTION
FLIR Consent Agreement
CONSENT AGREEMENT OVERVIEW
Consent Agreement Terms, Conditions, and Requirements are described in 27 paragraphs:
1. Parties to the CA
2. Department of State (DOS) has jurisdiction
3. Respondent's commitment to compliance & remedial
measures
4. Incorporation of CA requirements into new acquisitions
5. 60 day prior notification of sale/restructuring
/merger/divestiture
6. Ensure adequate staffing for ITAR compliance with clearly
defined lines of authority and career paths
7. Internal Review of ITAR compliance resources (120 days)
8. Appointment of Designated Official & DO Responsibilities
9. Strengthened corporate compliance procedures & training
10. Self-assessment of functional processes (60 day status
report, and final report 120 days after receiving DDTC input)
11. Implementing Policies & Procedures called for paragraph 8
12. Comprehensive automated export compliance system
13. Two external audits required
14. Audit 1 (within 12 months)
15. Audit 2 (within 36 months)
16. Penalty - $30 million
17. Can't charge back to the government or claim as tax
deduction
18. Misappropriation and/or failure to properly track funds
19. Debarment – fulfill CA provisions or face debarment
20. Onsite reviews by DOS
21. Understandings
22. Acknowledgement of nature and seriousness of alleged
offenses
23. Signing resolves civil penalties and administrative
sanctions with respect to civil violations
24. Waiver of rights and additional monetary penalty for
failure to implement CA
25. Written certification to DDTC
26. Documents made public
27. Effective upon execution of the Order
16. PENALTY
$30 million total
• $15 million to be paid in installments
• $15 million to be reinvested in remedial measures
• $5 million credit for work performed
$10 million total / 3000 employees = $3,333.00 per employee
CONSENT AGREEMENT OVERVIEW
Consent Agreement Terms, Conditions, and Requirements are described in 27 paragraphs:
1. Parties to the CA
2. Department of State (DOS) has jurisdiction
3. Respondent's commitment to compliance & remedial
measures
4. Incorporation of CA requirements into new acquisitions
5. 60 day prior notification of sale/restructuring
/merger/divestiture
6. Ensure adequate staffing for ITAR compliance with clearly
defined lines of authority and career paths
7. Internal Review of ITAR compliance resources (120 days)
8. Appointment of Designated Official & DO Responsibilities
9. Strengthened corporate compliance procedures & training
10. Self-assessment of functional processes (60 day status
report, and final report 120 days after receiving DDTC input)
11. Implementing Policies & Procedures called for paragraph 8
12. Comprehensive automated export compliance system
13. Two external audits required
14. Audit 1 (within 12 months)
15. Audit 2 (within 36 months)
16. Penalty - $30 million
17. Can't charge back to the government or claim as tax
deduction
18. Misappropriation and/or failure to properly track funds
19. Debarment – fulfill CA provisions or face debarment
20. Onsite reviews by DOS
21. Understandings
22. Acknowledgement of nature and seriousness of alleged
offenses
23. Signing resolves civil penalties and administrative
sanctions with respect to civil violations
24. Waiver of rights and additional monetary penalty for
failure to implement CA
25. Written certification to DDTC
26. Documents made public
27. Effective upon execution of the Order
4. & 5. MAD IMPLICATIONS
4. Acquisitions
• CA requirements incorporated into any acquisition within 6
months
5. Mergers
• CA requirements apply to any merger, restructuring, or
acquisition
• 60 days prior notice with signed acknowledgement of purchaser
CONSENT AGREEMENT OVERVIEW
Consent Agreement Terms, Conditions, and Requirements are described in 27 paragraphs:
1. Parties to the CA
2. Department of State (DOS) has jurisdiction
3. Respondent's commitment to compliance & remedial
measures
4. Incorporation of CA requirements into new acquisitions
5. 60 day prior notification of sale/restructuring
/merger/divestiture
6. Ensure adequate staffing for ITAR compliance with clearly
defined lines of authority and career paths
7. Internal Review of ITAR compliance resources (120 days)
8. Appointment of Designated Official & DO Responsibilities
9. Strengthened corporate compliance procedures & training
10. Self-assessment of functional processes (60 day status
report, and final report 120 days after receiving DDTC input)
11. Implementing Policies & Procedures called for paragraph 8
12. Comprehensive automated export compliance system
13. Two external audits required
14. Audit 1 (within 12 months)
15. Audit 2 (within 36 months)
16. Penalty - $30 million
17. Can't charge back to the government or claim as tax
deduction
18. Misappropriation and/or failure to properly track funds
19. Debarment – fulfill CA provisions or face debarment
20. Onsite reviews by DOS
21. Understandings
22. Acknowledgement of nature and seriousness of alleged
offenses
23. Signing resolves civil penalties and administrative
sanctions with respect to civil violations
24. Waiver of rights and additional monetary penalty for
failure to implement CA
25. Written certification to DDTC
26. Documents made public
27. Effective upon execution of the Order
6. & 7. TC RESOURCES
6. TC Resources
• Ensure adequate resources are dedicated to ITAR compliance
• Establish policies and procedures governing TC resources
• Ensure lines of authority, performance evaluations, and career paths
7. Resource Study
• Within 120 days, Respondent and Designated Official (DO) shall
conduct a review and establish an action plan for addressing
resource issues.
Resources
WorkloadsRisks
Conduct a time study
CONSENT AGREEMENT OVERVIEW
Consent Agreement Terms, Conditions, and Requirements are described in 27 paragraphs:
1. Parties to the CA
2. Department of State (DOS) has jurisdiction
3. Respondent's commitment to compliance & remedial
measures
4. Incorporation of CA requirements into new acquisitions
5. 60 day prior notification of sale/restructuring
/merger/divestiture
6. Ensure adequate staffing for ITAR compliance with clearly
defined lines of authority and career paths
7. Internal Review of ITAR compliance resources (120 days)
8. Appointment of Designated Official & DO Responsibilities
9. Strengthened corporate compliance procedures & training
10. Self-assessment of functional processes (60 day status
report, and final report 120 days after receiving DDTC input)
11. Implementing Policies & Procedures called for paragraph 8
12. Comprehensive automated export compliance system
13. Two external audits required
14. Audit 1 (within 12 months)
15. Audit 2 (within 36 months)
16. Penalty - $30 million
17. Can't charge back to the government or claim as tax
deduction
18. Misappropriation and/or failure to properly track funds
19. Debarment – fulfill CA provisions or face debarment
20. Onsite reviews by DOS
21. Understandings
22. Acknowledgement of nature and seriousness of alleged
offenses
23. Signing resolves civil penalties and administrative
sanctions with respect to civil violations
24. Waiver of rights and additional monetary penalty for
failure to implement CA
25. Written certification to DDTC
26. Documents made public
27. Effective upon execution of the Order
8., 9., & 11 POLICIES, PROCEDURES, & TRAINING
8. Establishes Designated Official (DO) Requirement
• Appointment within 60 days
• Areas of responsibility
• Specific Duties – oversight of remedial measures/expenditures and
incorporation into business plans at the senior executive level
• Reporting – tracking of violations, 6 mo. status reports, including accounting
• Policies & Procedures
POLICY & PROCEDURE
As described in Paragraph 8:
• Staffing
• Integration into business planning
• Supplier vetting (foreign manufacturing facilities)
• Identity management (Foreign Person & DN/TCNs)
• Restricted parties screening
• Identification & classification of defense articles & services
• Identification & classification of technical data
• Export authorization management (scope, terms, conditions,
provisos, & temporary exports)
• Part 130
• Maintenance & protection of and access to technical data on
computer networks or other electronic method of storage or
transfer
• Physical security controls
• Shipping (exports, reexports, and retransfers)
• Record-keeping
• Detect, prevent, & report violations
8., 9., & 11 POLICIES, PROCEDURES, & TRAINING
9. Strengthened Compliance Program & Training (12 months)
• Instituted strengthened corporate compliance procedures
• Training
• All employees engaged in ITAR-regulated activities
• All personnel responsible for supervising employees, including managers of business
units
• Training records (who, what, when, where, how)
11. Requires the company to implement PP8 policies & procedures
CONSENT AGREEMENT OVERVIEW
Consent Agreement Terms, Conditions, and Requirements are described in 27 paragraphs:
1. Parties to the CA
2. Department of State (DOS) has jurisdiction
3. Respondent's commitment to compliance & remedial
measures
4. Incorporation of CA requirements into new acquisitions
5. 60 day prior notification of sale/restructuring
/merger/divestiture
6. Ensure adequate staffing for ITAR compliance with clearly
defined lines of authority and career paths
7. Internal Review of ITAR compliance resources (120 days)
8. Appointment of Designated Official & DO Responsibilities
9. Strengthened corporate compliance procedures & training
10. Self-assessment of functional processes (60 day status
report, and final report 120 days after receiving DDTC input)
11. Implementing Policies & Procedures called for paragraph 8
12. Comprehensive automated export compliance system
13. Two external audits required
14. Audit 1 (within 12 months)
15. Audit 2 (within 36 months)
16. Penalty - $30 million
17. Can't charge back to the government or claim as tax
deduction
18. Misappropriation and/or failure to properly track funds
19. Debarment – fulfill CA provisions or face debarment
20. Onsite reviews by DOS
21. Understandings
22. Acknowledgement of nature and seriousness of alleged
offenses
23. Signing resolves civil penalties and administrative
sanctions with respect to civil violations
24. Waiver of rights and additional monetary penalty for
failure to implement CA
25. Written certification to DDTC
26. Documents made public
27. Effective upon execution of the Order
10. SELF-ASSESSMENT
10. Self-Assessment
• Internal assessment of functional processes to evaluate compliance
• Conducted under the review of a functional/process expert who is
independent of Trade Compliance
• Plan do within 60 days of the date of the Order
10. SELF-ASSESSMENT - FUNCTIONS
HR IT Finance Legal
Executive
Mgmt.
Trade
Compl.
Property
Operational Functions
Support and Management Functions
Business
Development
Supply
Chain
QualityProduction Logistics
Aftermarket
Support
Marketing SalesEngineering
SUPPORT & MANAGEMENT PROCESSES
Hiring
Onboarding
Recruiting
Job Formulation
Promotions
Transfers
Deployment
Termination
Network Admin
Server Admin
App Admin
Admin Admin
User Admin
Cyber Security
AR
Payments
AP
Bus. Ptnr. Mgmt.
Receipts
Mergers
Acquisitions
Divestitures
JVs
Legal Entity Mgmt.
Support
Comms
Planning
Strategy
Structure Mgmt.
Property Mgmt.
Physical Security
Facility Mgmt.
EAM
TVP
JCM
RPL
IIED
AAM
CAM
TPM
TCPM
HR IT Finance Legal
Executive
Mgmt.
Trade
Compl.
Property
SUPPORT & MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS
HR IT Finance Legal
Executive
Mgmt.
Trade
Compl.
Property
EMS
Entity Mgmt.
System EMS
Entity Mgmt.
SystemAR
Accounts
Receivable
AP
Accounts
Payable
HCM
Human
Capital Mgmt.
REM
Real Estate
Mgmt.
AD
Active
Directory
DMZ
De-Militarized
Zone
IDM
Identity
Mgmt.
EPE
Electronic Policy
Engine
EAM
Export Authorization
Mgmt.
JCM
Jurisdiction,
Classification & Marking
RPL
Restricted Party
List Screening
OPERATIONAL FUNCTIONS & PROCESSES
Public Release
Trade Shows
Conferences
Briefings
Demos
Quotes
Bids
Proposals Sales
Proposals
Quotes
Bids
Bus. Ptnr. Mgmt.
Contracts
Purchases
RFP
RFQ
RFI
Bus. Ptnr. Mgmt.
Sub-Contracts
Production Runs
Capacity Offload
Scrap
Non-Conformance
Supplier Cert.
Supplier Qual.
RTV
Destruction
Shipping
Customs Filing
Customs Clearance
Receiving
Bus. Ptnr. Mgmt.
MRO
RMA
Replace
IRD
NPI
ECO
Config. Mgmt
Business
Development
Supply
Chain
QualityProduction Logistics
Aftermarket
Support
Marketing SalesEngineering
OPERATIONAL SYSTEMS
CRM
Customer Rel.
Mgmt.
CMS
Contract
Mgmt.
IWS
Internet
Website ERP
Ent. Res.
PlanningERP
Ent. Res.
Planning
RFX
Request
For X
SRM
Supplier Rel.
Mgmt.
MES
Mfg. Exec.
System
ERP
Ent. Res.
Planning
ERP
Ent. Res.
Planning
QAS
Qual. Ass.
System
LMS
Log. Mgmt.
System
ERP
Ent. Res.
Planning
BPS
Business Purs.
System
QBP
Quotes, Bids,
& Proposal
Business
Development
Supply
Chain
QualityProduction Logistics
Aftermarket
Support
Marketing SalesEngineering
ERP
Ent. Res.
Planning
PLM
Product
Lifecycle
Mgmt.
CONSENT AGREEMENT OVERVIEW
Consent Agreement Terms, Conditions, and Requirements are described in 27 paragraphs:
1. Parties to the CA
2. Department of State (DOS) has jurisdiction
3. Respondent's commitment to compliance & remedial
measures
4. Incorporation of CA requirements into new acquisitions
5. 60 day prior notification of sale/restructuring
/merger/divestiture
6. Ensure adequate staffing for ITAR compliance with clearly
defined lines of authority and career paths
7. Internal Review of ITAR compliance resources (120 days)
8. Appointment of Designated Official & DO Responsibilities
9. Strengthened corporate compliance procedures & training
10. Self-assessment of functional processes (60 day status
report, and final report 120 days after receiving DDTC input)
11. Implementing Policies & Procedures called for paragraph 8
12. Comprehensive automated export compliance system
13. Two external audits required
14. Audit 1 (within 12 months)
15. Audit 2 (within 36 months)
16. Penalty - $30 million
17. Can't charge back to the government or claim as tax
deduction
18. Misappropriation and/or failure to properly track funds
19. Debarment – fulfill CA provisions or face debarment
20. Onsite reviews by DOS
21. Understandings
22. Acknowledgement of nature and seriousness of alleged
offenses
23. Signing resolves civil penalties and administrative
sanctions with respect to civil violations
24. Waiver of rights and additional monetary penalty for
failure to implement CA
25. Written certification to DDTC
26. Documents made public
27. Effective upon execution of the Order
12. AUTOMATED SYSTEM
12. Comprehensive Automated Export Compliance System
• Strengthen internal controls and enhance oversight
• Track decision from initiation to conclusion of a request for export,
reexport, or retransfer
• Initial identification of technical data and technical assistance proposed to
be disclosed to any Foreign Persons
• Means of alerting users to ITAR requirements on electronic transmissions of
controlled data
• Training to all employees to ensure all technical data exports are authorized
in accordance with compliance policies & procedures
12. AUTOMATED SYSTEM
There is no silver bullet
System of systems approach is required
• Business Partner Management
• Identity Management
• Restricted Parties Screening
• Jurisdiction, Classification, & Marking
• Export Authorization Management
• Export Transaction Management (visitors, travel, shipments, tech data
transfers, access controls)
• Incident Management
• Corrective Action Management
• Business Intelligence
Q&A

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FLIR Consent Agreement Analysis - Part 1

  • 1. FLIR Consent Agreement Retrospective Analysis & Insights for Industry Part 1 © 2018 TC Engine All Rights Reserved.
  • 2. Matt Henson is an Export Compliance Modernization Specialist working to address the gap between the traditional approach to trade compliance and virtualization of business processes. His focus is on achieving Cyber Compliance, or compliance with laws, regulations, standards and policies in IT environments. Scott Edwards is a national expert and speaker on NIST 800-171, DFARS, and FAR compliance and implementation with Office 365 and Azure. Scott’s technical experience was honed at NASA as a Senior Computer Engineer and the Chief Engineer and Engineering Manager for the NASA Datacenter. PRESENTERS Follow us on Linked In.
  • 3. Agenda • Regulatory Overview • Introduction to Consent Agreements • FLIR Overview • FLIR Proposed Charging Letter Review • FLIR Consent Agreement Review • Q&A
  • 5. REGULATING AUTHORITIES • Export Compliance – the execution of business transactions in accordance with the laws and regulations governing exports EAA / IEEPA AECA President Congress ITAR USML EAR CCL BIS DDTCRegulators Regulations Control Lists Commercial / Dual Use Items Military Items
  • 8. What is a Consent Agreement? www.pmddtc.state.gov
  • 9. Anatomy of a Consent Agreement Modern "Penalty and Oversight Agreements" typically include three documents: • Proposed Charging Letter (PCL) • The "what went wrong" • A description of the alleged charges/violations • Consent Agreement (CA) • The “thou shalts" • Commitment to compliance, applicability to mergers/acquisitions/divestitures, remedial measures, Designated Official (DO) responsibilities (if applicable), audit requirements, whether or not the Respondent has been debarred, and other legalese • Order • A summary of the PCL and CA • Upon execution, the CA is effective and the alleged charges included in the PCL are addressed (so long as the Respondent holds-up their end of the bargain)
  • 10. HOW DO CONSENT AGREEMENTS HAPPEN? AECA ITAR USML DDTC VSD Directed Disclosure • Multiple Repeat Violations • 126.1 Countries • SME/MDE • Willful Violations • Multiple Repeat Violations • 126.1 Countries • SME/MDE • Willful Violations • Multiple Repeat Violations • 126.1 Countries • SME/MDE • Willful Violations • Multiple Repeat Violations • 126.1 Countries • SME/MDE • Willful Violations DDTC perceives systemic gaps Risk How do you know? Receipt of non- standard response BE EXTREMELY ACCURATE & FACTUAL IN YOUR RESPONSES.
  • 11. HOW’D THE FLIR CONSENT AGREEMENT HAPPEN? • 18 VSDs • Directed Disclosures • Multiple corrective action failures • Repeat discovery and disclosure of violations • Disclosed activity continued in violation of the ITAR (1 instance of “willful violation”) • Significant Military Equipment (SME) • 126.1 Countries (Iran, Cuba, Iraq*, Lebanon*, & Vietnam*) • Issues are “not localized to a specific facility, product line, sales territory, or authorization type. (i.e., “systemic gaps”) • 347 alleged ITAR Violations “resulting from Respondent’s inadequate internal controls and commitment to compliance” • $30 million penalty
  • 12. HOW’D THE FLIR CONSENT AGREEMENT HAPPEN? In DDTC’s words: •Significant compliance program and internal control deficiencies that directly contributed to the violations •Deficient ITAR expertise and senior leadership oversight •Failure to effectively investigate, uncover, and disclose violations •Frequency and repetitive nature of the same violations •Failure to implement remedial compliance measures (“corrective actions”) represented to the Department
  • 13. MITIGATING FACTORS In DDTC’s words: •Submitted 18 VSDs •Entered into an agreement with DDTC •Instituted a number of self-initiated compliance program improvements during the course of DDTC’s review If your company is in DDTC’s crosshairs, you must stand-up a Trade Compliance Improvement Program to mitigate Consent Agreement risk.
  • 15. FLIR OVERVIEW •Positions itself as “the world leader in the design, manufacture, and marketing of thermal infrared cameras” •Founded in 1978 •Acquisitions in 1990, 1998 (Sweden), & 2003 •Total Revenue: ~$1.8 billion USD (2017) •3,000+ employees •3,740 licenses authorizing $9.9 billion in exports over 5 years
  • 16. MY ASSUMPTIONS ABOUT FLIR •Highly autonomous businesses •Limited corporate resources (people/capabilities) and governance •Disparate networks and systems •Decentralized policies, processes, and controls
  • 18. HOW DDTC VIEWED THE VIOLATIONS •DDTC’s Categorization: • Foreign Person Employment • License Management • Part 130 Payments • Additional charges for violations resulting from Respondent’s inadequate controls and commitment to compliance
  • 19. PROPOSED CHARGES • Cyber Compliance – failures in IT systems • Licensing – failures in obtaining, using, and maintaining licenses & exemptions • Shipping – failures in physical shipments of items • Part 130 – failures to provide required reporting • Trade Show Security – failure to physically safeguard items • Corrective Actions – failure to implement
  • 20. PROPOSED CHARGES – CYBER COMPLIANCE April 2008 – August 2012 – 4 VSDs • Disclosed unauthorized exports to DN/TCN employees from over 15 countries (including Iran, Iraq, and Lebanon) • Violations occurred at domestic and overseas locations • In reliance upon reported corrective actions, DDTC closed without further action June 2014 - VSD • Full scope of violations not previously reported (Cuba & Vietnam) • Corrective actions not implemented (confirming nationalities and terminating unauthorized access) • Did not collect DN/TCN attributes of personnel at one subsidiary (FLIR AB of Sweden) • IT Provisioning & Unauthorized Access Background
  • 21. PROPOSED CHARGES – CYBER COMPLIANCE June 2014 VSD - IT Provisioning & Access Controls US Persons Mixed Users ITAR = No ITAR = Yes Low-Mod Low Low-Mod High
  • 22. PROPOSED CHARGES – CYBER COMPLIANCE Illegal Exports • Unauthorized reexports of technical data in IT Systems • Continued to allow unauthorized reexports of technical data • Allowed 126.1 nationals to access technical data Record Keeping • Failure to maintain technical data reexport records on IT systems (logs)
  • 23. PROPOSED CHARGES – EXPORT LICENSING License Application • Misrepresented and/or omitted material facts • Failed to disclose citizenship or permanent Residency • Attempted use of ineligible party License Use • Violation of terms & conditions • Unauthorized reexport/change of end-use License Maintenance • Failure to reflect corporate restructuring
  • 24. PROPOSED CHARGES – SHIPPING Temporary Export Shipments • Failure to obtain endorsements by U.S. Customs (temp) Shipping Statements • Misidentification as EAR • Failure to properly incorporate export control statement • Failure to ensure freight forwarder correctly identified SME in EEI filings Illegal Exports • Exports to foreign person employees from 126.1 countries • Exported without license Record-keeping • Failure to properly maintain records
  • 25. PROPOSED CHARGES – PART 130 License Applications • Failures to disclose fees & commissions Record-keeping • Failure to maintain records Reporting • Failure to provide required report updates
  • 26. PROPOSED CHARGES – TRADE SHOWS Loss or Theft • Failure to properly safeguard
  • 27. PROPOSED CHARGES – CORRECTIVE ACTIONS Corrective Actions • Failure to stop ongoing violation • Inaccurate information concerning corrective actions pertaining to foreign person employees
  • 28. MY ASSUMPTIONS ABOUT FLIR’S COMPLIANCE PROGRAM •Legacy export compliance program designed for yesterday’s paradigm •The focus is on Physical Domain Controls: •Physical Location Controls – e.g. TCPs, Signage, etc. •Physical Access Controls – e.g. Foreign Person Employment, Visitor Controls, Badging, Locks, etc. •Physical Transfer Controls – e.g. Freight Shipments, Courier Shipments, and Hand-carry 28
  • 29. •Characteristics of FLIR’s Legacy Export Compliance Program: •Paper policy dependent •Tribal knowledge dependent •User behavior dependent •Manually executed •Opaque • Manual execution leads to lack of visibility, which leads to… • Lack of oversight •Geared for Physical Domain Controls •Decentralized 29 MY ASSUMPTIONS ABOUT FLIR’S COMPLIANCE PROGRAM
  • 30. •They generally don’t know: • What their data is, • Its value, • Where it is located, • Who has access, • When it’s being transferred, and to whom, or • Whether or not location, access, and transfers are export compliant •They lack visibility into our cyber assets and transactions •They lack cyber compliance capabilities 30 MY ASSUMPTIONS ABOUT FLIR’S COMPLIANCE PROGRAM
  • 31. Legacy Approach to Export Controls Business Cycle Classify & control time of export shipment Data exchanged with Customers Data exchanged with Vendors If your external data exchanges look like this, you have significant risk.
  • 32. Legacy Approach to Export Controls Business Cycle Data exchanged internally If your internal data exchanges look like this, you have significant risk. Classify & control time of export shipment
  • 33. If the previous slides described your compliance program, you’re company is at risk of becoming the next FLIR. 33 WORD OF CAUTION
  • 35. CONSENT AGREEMENT OVERVIEW Consent Agreement Terms, Conditions, and Requirements are described in 27 paragraphs: 1. Parties to the CA 2. Department of State (DOS) has jurisdiction 3. Respondent's commitment to compliance & remedial measures 4. Incorporation of CA requirements into new acquisitions 5. 60 day prior notification of sale/restructuring /merger/divestiture 6. Ensure adequate staffing for ITAR compliance with clearly defined lines of authority and career paths 7. Internal Review of ITAR compliance resources (120 days) 8. Appointment of Designated Official & DO Responsibilities 9. Strengthened corporate compliance procedures & training 10. Self-assessment of functional processes (60 day status report, and final report 120 days after receiving DDTC input) 11. Implementing Policies & Procedures called for paragraph 8 12. Comprehensive automated export compliance system 13. Two external audits required 14. Audit 1 (within 12 months) 15. Audit 2 (within 36 months) 16. Penalty - $30 million 17. Can't charge back to the government or claim as tax deduction 18. Misappropriation and/or failure to properly track funds 19. Debarment – fulfill CA provisions or face debarment 20. Onsite reviews by DOS 21. Understandings 22. Acknowledgement of nature and seriousness of alleged offenses 23. Signing resolves civil penalties and administrative sanctions with respect to civil violations 24. Waiver of rights and additional monetary penalty for failure to implement CA 25. Written certification to DDTC 26. Documents made public 27. Effective upon execution of the Order
  • 36. 16. PENALTY $30 million total • $15 million to be paid in installments • $15 million to be reinvested in remedial measures • $5 million credit for work performed $10 million total / 3000 employees = $3,333.00 per employee
  • 37. CONSENT AGREEMENT OVERVIEW Consent Agreement Terms, Conditions, and Requirements are described in 27 paragraphs: 1. Parties to the CA 2. Department of State (DOS) has jurisdiction 3. Respondent's commitment to compliance & remedial measures 4. Incorporation of CA requirements into new acquisitions 5. 60 day prior notification of sale/restructuring /merger/divestiture 6. Ensure adequate staffing for ITAR compliance with clearly defined lines of authority and career paths 7. Internal Review of ITAR compliance resources (120 days) 8. Appointment of Designated Official & DO Responsibilities 9. Strengthened corporate compliance procedures & training 10. Self-assessment of functional processes (60 day status report, and final report 120 days after receiving DDTC input) 11. Implementing Policies & Procedures called for paragraph 8 12. Comprehensive automated export compliance system 13. Two external audits required 14. Audit 1 (within 12 months) 15. Audit 2 (within 36 months) 16. Penalty - $30 million 17. Can't charge back to the government or claim as tax deduction 18. Misappropriation and/or failure to properly track funds 19. Debarment – fulfill CA provisions or face debarment 20. Onsite reviews by DOS 21. Understandings 22. Acknowledgement of nature and seriousness of alleged offenses 23. Signing resolves civil penalties and administrative sanctions with respect to civil violations 24. Waiver of rights and additional monetary penalty for failure to implement CA 25. Written certification to DDTC 26. Documents made public 27. Effective upon execution of the Order
  • 38. 4. & 5. MAD IMPLICATIONS 4. Acquisitions • CA requirements incorporated into any acquisition within 6 months 5. Mergers • CA requirements apply to any merger, restructuring, or acquisition • 60 days prior notice with signed acknowledgement of purchaser
  • 39. CONSENT AGREEMENT OVERVIEW Consent Agreement Terms, Conditions, and Requirements are described in 27 paragraphs: 1. Parties to the CA 2. Department of State (DOS) has jurisdiction 3. Respondent's commitment to compliance & remedial measures 4. Incorporation of CA requirements into new acquisitions 5. 60 day prior notification of sale/restructuring /merger/divestiture 6. Ensure adequate staffing for ITAR compliance with clearly defined lines of authority and career paths 7. Internal Review of ITAR compliance resources (120 days) 8. Appointment of Designated Official & DO Responsibilities 9. Strengthened corporate compliance procedures & training 10. Self-assessment of functional processes (60 day status report, and final report 120 days after receiving DDTC input) 11. Implementing Policies & Procedures called for paragraph 8 12. Comprehensive automated export compliance system 13. Two external audits required 14. Audit 1 (within 12 months) 15. Audit 2 (within 36 months) 16. Penalty - $30 million 17. Can't charge back to the government or claim as tax deduction 18. Misappropriation and/or failure to properly track funds 19. Debarment – fulfill CA provisions or face debarment 20. Onsite reviews by DOS 21. Understandings 22. Acknowledgement of nature and seriousness of alleged offenses 23. Signing resolves civil penalties and administrative sanctions with respect to civil violations 24. Waiver of rights and additional monetary penalty for failure to implement CA 25. Written certification to DDTC 26. Documents made public 27. Effective upon execution of the Order
  • 40. 6. & 7. TC RESOURCES 6. TC Resources • Ensure adequate resources are dedicated to ITAR compliance • Establish policies and procedures governing TC resources • Ensure lines of authority, performance evaluations, and career paths 7. Resource Study • Within 120 days, Respondent and Designated Official (DO) shall conduct a review and establish an action plan for addressing resource issues. Resources WorkloadsRisks Conduct a time study
  • 41. CONSENT AGREEMENT OVERVIEW Consent Agreement Terms, Conditions, and Requirements are described in 27 paragraphs: 1. Parties to the CA 2. Department of State (DOS) has jurisdiction 3. Respondent's commitment to compliance & remedial measures 4. Incorporation of CA requirements into new acquisitions 5. 60 day prior notification of sale/restructuring /merger/divestiture 6. Ensure adequate staffing for ITAR compliance with clearly defined lines of authority and career paths 7. Internal Review of ITAR compliance resources (120 days) 8. Appointment of Designated Official & DO Responsibilities 9. Strengthened corporate compliance procedures & training 10. Self-assessment of functional processes (60 day status report, and final report 120 days after receiving DDTC input) 11. Implementing Policies & Procedures called for paragraph 8 12. Comprehensive automated export compliance system 13. Two external audits required 14. Audit 1 (within 12 months) 15. Audit 2 (within 36 months) 16. Penalty - $30 million 17. Can't charge back to the government or claim as tax deduction 18. Misappropriation and/or failure to properly track funds 19. Debarment – fulfill CA provisions or face debarment 20. Onsite reviews by DOS 21. Understandings 22. Acknowledgement of nature and seriousness of alleged offenses 23. Signing resolves civil penalties and administrative sanctions with respect to civil violations 24. Waiver of rights and additional monetary penalty for failure to implement CA 25. Written certification to DDTC 26. Documents made public 27. Effective upon execution of the Order
  • 42. 8., 9., & 11 POLICIES, PROCEDURES, & TRAINING 8. Establishes Designated Official (DO) Requirement • Appointment within 60 days • Areas of responsibility • Specific Duties – oversight of remedial measures/expenditures and incorporation into business plans at the senior executive level • Reporting – tracking of violations, 6 mo. status reports, including accounting • Policies & Procedures
  • 43. POLICY & PROCEDURE As described in Paragraph 8: • Staffing • Integration into business planning • Supplier vetting (foreign manufacturing facilities) • Identity management (Foreign Person & DN/TCNs) • Restricted parties screening • Identification & classification of defense articles & services • Identification & classification of technical data • Export authorization management (scope, terms, conditions, provisos, & temporary exports) • Part 130 • Maintenance & protection of and access to technical data on computer networks or other electronic method of storage or transfer • Physical security controls • Shipping (exports, reexports, and retransfers) • Record-keeping • Detect, prevent, & report violations
  • 44. 8., 9., & 11 POLICIES, PROCEDURES, & TRAINING 9. Strengthened Compliance Program & Training (12 months) • Instituted strengthened corporate compliance procedures • Training • All employees engaged in ITAR-regulated activities • All personnel responsible for supervising employees, including managers of business units • Training records (who, what, when, where, how) 11. Requires the company to implement PP8 policies & procedures
  • 45. CONSENT AGREEMENT OVERVIEW Consent Agreement Terms, Conditions, and Requirements are described in 27 paragraphs: 1. Parties to the CA 2. Department of State (DOS) has jurisdiction 3. Respondent's commitment to compliance & remedial measures 4. Incorporation of CA requirements into new acquisitions 5. 60 day prior notification of sale/restructuring /merger/divestiture 6. Ensure adequate staffing for ITAR compliance with clearly defined lines of authority and career paths 7. Internal Review of ITAR compliance resources (120 days) 8. Appointment of Designated Official & DO Responsibilities 9. Strengthened corporate compliance procedures & training 10. Self-assessment of functional processes (60 day status report, and final report 120 days after receiving DDTC input) 11. Implementing Policies & Procedures called for paragraph 8 12. Comprehensive automated export compliance system 13. Two external audits required 14. Audit 1 (within 12 months) 15. Audit 2 (within 36 months) 16. Penalty - $30 million 17. Can't charge back to the government or claim as tax deduction 18. Misappropriation and/or failure to properly track funds 19. Debarment – fulfill CA provisions or face debarment 20. Onsite reviews by DOS 21. Understandings 22. Acknowledgement of nature and seriousness of alleged offenses 23. Signing resolves civil penalties and administrative sanctions with respect to civil violations 24. Waiver of rights and additional monetary penalty for failure to implement CA 25. Written certification to DDTC 26. Documents made public 27. Effective upon execution of the Order
  • 46. 10. SELF-ASSESSMENT 10. Self-Assessment • Internal assessment of functional processes to evaluate compliance • Conducted under the review of a functional/process expert who is independent of Trade Compliance • Plan do within 60 days of the date of the Order
  • 47. 10. SELF-ASSESSMENT - FUNCTIONS HR IT Finance Legal Executive Mgmt. Trade Compl. Property Operational Functions Support and Management Functions Business Development Supply Chain QualityProduction Logistics Aftermarket Support Marketing SalesEngineering
  • 48. SUPPORT & MANAGEMENT PROCESSES Hiring Onboarding Recruiting Job Formulation Promotions Transfers Deployment Termination Network Admin Server Admin App Admin Admin Admin User Admin Cyber Security AR Payments AP Bus. Ptnr. Mgmt. Receipts Mergers Acquisitions Divestitures JVs Legal Entity Mgmt. Support Comms Planning Strategy Structure Mgmt. Property Mgmt. Physical Security Facility Mgmt. EAM TVP JCM RPL IIED AAM CAM TPM TCPM HR IT Finance Legal Executive Mgmt. Trade Compl. Property
  • 49. SUPPORT & MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS HR IT Finance Legal Executive Mgmt. Trade Compl. Property EMS Entity Mgmt. System EMS Entity Mgmt. SystemAR Accounts Receivable AP Accounts Payable HCM Human Capital Mgmt. REM Real Estate Mgmt. AD Active Directory DMZ De-Militarized Zone IDM Identity Mgmt. EPE Electronic Policy Engine EAM Export Authorization Mgmt. JCM Jurisdiction, Classification & Marking RPL Restricted Party List Screening
  • 50. OPERATIONAL FUNCTIONS & PROCESSES Public Release Trade Shows Conferences Briefings Demos Quotes Bids Proposals Sales Proposals Quotes Bids Bus. Ptnr. Mgmt. Contracts Purchases RFP RFQ RFI Bus. Ptnr. Mgmt. Sub-Contracts Production Runs Capacity Offload Scrap Non-Conformance Supplier Cert. Supplier Qual. RTV Destruction Shipping Customs Filing Customs Clearance Receiving Bus. Ptnr. Mgmt. MRO RMA Replace IRD NPI ECO Config. Mgmt Business Development Supply Chain QualityProduction Logistics Aftermarket Support Marketing SalesEngineering
  • 51. OPERATIONAL SYSTEMS CRM Customer Rel. Mgmt. CMS Contract Mgmt. IWS Internet Website ERP Ent. Res. PlanningERP Ent. Res. Planning RFX Request For X SRM Supplier Rel. Mgmt. MES Mfg. Exec. System ERP Ent. Res. Planning ERP Ent. Res. Planning QAS Qual. Ass. System LMS Log. Mgmt. System ERP Ent. Res. Planning BPS Business Purs. System QBP Quotes, Bids, & Proposal Business Development Supply Chain QualityProduction Logistics Aftermarket Support Marketing SalesEngineering ERP Ent. Res. Planning PLM Product Lifecycle Mgmt.
  • 52. CONSENT AGREEMENT OVERVIEW Consent Agreement Terms, Conditions, and Requirements are described in 27 paragraphs: 1. Parties to the CA 2. Department of State (DOS) has jurisdiction 3. Respondent's commitment to compliance & remedial measures 4. Incorporation of CA requirements into new acquisitions 5. 60 day prior notification of sale/restructuring /merger/divestiture 6. Ensure adequate staffing for ITAR compliance with clearly defined lines of authority and career paths 7. Internal Review of ITAR compliance resources (120 days) 8. Appointment of Designated Official & DO Responsibilities 9. Strengthened corporate compliance procedures & training 10. Self-assessment of functional processes (60 day status report, and final report 120 days after receiving DDTC input) 11. Implementing Policies & Procedures called for paragraph 8 12. Comprehensive automated export compliance system 13. Two external audits required 14. Audit 1 (within 12 months) 15. Audit 2 (within 36 months) 16. Penalty - $30 million 17. Can't charge back to the government or claim as tax deduction 18. Misappropriation and/or failure to properly track funds 19. Debarment – fulfill CA provisions or face debarment 20. Onsite reviews by DOS 21. Understandings 22. Acknowledgement of nature and seriousness of alleged offenses 23. Signing resolves civil penalties and administrative sanctions with respect to civil violations 24. Waiver of rights and additional monetary penalty for failure to implement CA 25. Written certification to DDTC 26. Documents made public 27. Effective upon execution of the Order
  • 53. 12. AUTOMATED SYSTEM 12. Comprehensive Automated Export Compliance System • Strengthen internal controls and enhance oversight • Track decision from initiation to conclusion of a request for export, reexport, or retransfer • Initial identification of technical data and technical assistance proposed to be disclosed to any Foreign Persons • Means of alerting users to ITAR requirements on electronic transmissions of controlled data • Training to all employees to ensure all technical data exports are authorized in accordance with compliance policies & procedures
  • 54. 12. AUTOMATED SYSTEM There is no silver bullet System of systems approach is required • Business Partner Management • Identity Management • Restricted Parties Screening • Jurisdiction, Classification, & Marking • Export Authorization Management • Export Transaction Management (visitors, travel, shipments, tech data transfers, access controls) • Incident Management • Corrective Action Management • Business Intelligence
  • 55. Q&A

Editor's Notes

  1. Export Administration Act (EAA) - International Emergency Economic Powers Act (IEEPA) – Export Administration Regulations (EAR) – Bureau of Industry Security (BIS) - Commerce Control List (CCL) Arms Export Control Act (AECA) – Directorate of Defense Trade Controls (DDTC) – International Traffic in Arms Regulations (ITAR) – United States Munitions List (USML)
  2. §120.7   Significant military equipment. (a) Significant military equipment means articles for which special export controls are warranted because of their capacity for substantial military utility or capability. (b) Significant military equipment includes: (1) Items in §121.1 of this subchapter which are preceded by an asterisk; and (2) All classified articles enumerated in §121.1 of this subchapter. [58 FR 39283, July 22, 1993, as amended at 62 FR 67275, Dec. 24, 1997]  Back to Top §120.8   Major defense equipment. Pursuant to section 47(6) of the Arms Export Control Act (22 U.S.C. 2794(6) note), major defense equipment means any item of significant military equipment (as defined in §120.7) on the U.S. Munitions List having a nonrecurring research and development cost of more than $50,000,000 or a total production cost of more than $200,000,000.
  3. U.S. export compliance regimes were designed to address the proliferation threats and risks of the Cold War. Thus, they are geared to enforce controls in the physical domain.
  4. U.S. export compliance regimes were designed to address the proliferation threats and risks of the Cold War. Thus, they are geared to enforce controls in the physical domain.
  5. In summary, the community is ill-equipped to meet either the business or export compliance challenges of our globally-networked, information-driven economy.
  6. In summary, the community is ill-equipped to meet either the business or export compliance challenges of our globally-networked, information-driven economy.