7. • Asthma burden: 1 in 250 deaths
worldwide
• ~300 million suffer
• Isolated communities and urban
environments
• 15 Million DALYs---similar to
diabetes
100
50
0
0.1 1 10 100
Particle Diameter (micrometer)
Cumulative %
Premixed Solution Pedal Power
Aerocart Mixed Solution Pedal Power
Premixed Solution Compressor
Aerocart Mixed Solution Compressor
Pure DI-Water Compressor (Control)
Pedal Powered Nebulizer
$7 in parts. 10 minutes to make.
Jose Gomez-Marquez, E. Megally, H. G. Krarup, J. Hickman, J. Hu, J. Shoemaker.
Respiratory Drug Delivery 2008, Vol 2, pp 631-634
24. UNITED NATIONS
CAMP
FIRST FATALITY
Today’s Epidemiology:
Climate Science for
Disease Outbreaks
SEPTIC
PITS
25. SEPTIC
PITS
UNITED NATIONS
CAMP
FIRST FATALITY
Today’s Epidemiology:
Climate Science for
Disease Outbreaks
We don’t have a weather forecasting system
for disease outbreaks.
26. Real Time Epidemiology:
Crowdsourced Diagnostics
Distributed sensors
• Real-time
• Distributed
• Affordable
• Multiplatform
• Verifiable
Dx Bx Sx
A Handheld Test is
deployed in the field…
Provides early disease
“weather map”
DIAGNOSTICS BEHAVIORAL SYSTEMS
52. "Innovation can’t happen without accepting the risk
that it might fail. The vast and radical innovations of the
mid-20th century took place in a world that, in retrospect,
looks insanely dangerous and unstable. Possible
outcomes that the modern mind identifies as serious risks
might not have been taken seriously — supposing they
were noticed at all — by people habituated to the
Depression, the World Wars, and the Cold War, in times
when seat belts, antibiotics, and many vaccines did not
exist. "
— Neal Stephenson, Innovation Starvation