This presentation focuses on sharing analysis undertaken on the growth of area cleared for, or planted with industrial plantations from 1975 to 2010 across Indonesian Borneo determined by visual inspection of >182 Landsat images. It also discusses the trajectory of land cover changes before industrial plantations establishment to identify whether plantations have been established on: 1) intact forests, 2) logged forests; 3) very degraded forests; or 4) smallholder agricultural areas. Finally, the proportion of 2000-2010 deforestation (loss of old-growth natural forest cover) caused by industrial plantations and by small farmers is analyzed. The implications of these findings for the large versus small-scale debate will be discussed.

1. Who drives deforestation in Kalimantan
? The small or the big
Dr. David L.A. Gaveau

2. Preliminary assessment of the contribution of large industries to
deforestation
- Dataset used for deforestation was generated by Broich and Hansen.
It is an annual dataset tree cover loss between 2000-2010
- We transformed the tree loss into loss of natural forest by removing all tree loss
Pixels that fell outside of the forest area in year 2000 using a 2000 forest cover
Map from MoF
- We then only measured the deforestation under forest areas that were
developed for industrial plantations (IOPP, ITP and Mining) between 2000-2010.
- Because the deforestation dataset is annual, it picks up tree fall from logging
and logging roads. But, this not deforestation. This is degradation. We excluded
Those degradation pixels if they fell within 700m of logging roads created between
2000-2010

3. 6.5 million ha planted in Indutrial Oil Palm
1 million ha planted in industrial timber plantations
180,000 ha of mining open mining (coal)

5. 1.42 million ha of natural
forestLost between
2000-2010 ; 4.2% (0.42 % yr-1)
In 1990-2000 about
8 million h lost
(5 times higher)

7. 200000 El ninio 06-07
180000
160000
El ninio 02-03
Area of deforestation (x1000ha)
140000
120000 Industry
driven
100000
smallholder
80000 and fires
60000
40000
20000
0

8. 30
mean patch size (ha)
25
20 Industry
driven
15
smallholder
10
and fires
5
0
2000-20012001-20022002-20032003-20042004-20052005-20062006-20072007-20082008-20092009-2010

9. 1975 forest non forest map

10. 2010 landcover map

11. Total logged area since the 1970s

12. 6.5 million ha planted in Indutrial Oil Palm
1 million ha planted in industrial timber plantations

13. 1982-83 forest fires

14. 1997-98 forest fires

16. Thank-you