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1. THE MUNRO
SYSTEM
H A R D E F F O R T BY K R I S H N A G A R G

2. • Munro system is also known as ryotwar or royatwari system .
• According to this system the revenue is directly
collected from peasant or cultivators and thus the
British made a huge profit on it than the zamindari
system because in that system the zamindar also took
11 percent of total cultivatons but in ryotwari system
total cultivatons went to British government.

3. • This system was adopted because the britishers felt that there were no
traditional zamindars and settlement had to be made.
• This system was also established because after Mahalwari system during
the late 18th century when there was increases in agriculture the
britishers felt that they should remove zamindars because according the
agreement the britishers could not increase the taxes

4. This system of land revenue was instituted in the late 18th century by Alexander Read and Sir Thomas
Munro (who was the Governor of Madras in 1820). This was practised in the Madras and Bombay areas
( western and southern areas) , as well as Assam and Coorg provinces.

5. Fig 1.1 Is of Sir Thomas Munro who was the Governor of
Madras in 1820.
Fig 1.2 is of Alexander Read

6. The step in which munro system
was carried out in India is as
follow:-
1. When munro system was
introduced all the land in
villages was were measured
properly and then revenue was
fixed.
2.Then revenue was collected with
the help of local Hereditary officer .
3. There was periodical assessment
of land revenue .
Fig 1.3 is of instruments used for measuring land