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2. Chapter Summary
-Three topographical
zones:
•Indus and Ganges
Basins
•Peninsula
•Northern mountainous
zone
http://www.designforunity.com/free-photos/453-2/ganga-sunset-wallpaper-1440x900.jpg

3. -Four varna classes:
•Brahmin (priests and scholars)
•Kshatriya (warriors)
•Vaishya (merchants)
•Shudra (peasants and laborers)
-One other class is called the Untouchables because they
did the dirtiest work in the empire.
http://pujas.com/images/casteimage1.gif

4. -Prominent religions:
•Jainism-stressed the importance of
nonviolence
•Buddhism-focused on the Four Noble
Truths; followed the Eightfold Path, divided
into Mahayana and Theravada Buddhism
•Hinduism-dominant religion, worshipped
Vishnu, Shiva, and Devi
http://stephen-knapp.com/images/996StandingVisnu.jpg

5. • Mauryan Empire (324-184 B.C.E.): founded by
Chandragupta; ruled by Ashoka; capital at
Pataliputra; practiced Buddhism
• Gupta Empire (320-550 C.E.): model of the
Mauryan Empire; had important trade routes
and exploited agricultural productivity;
eventually fell due to ineffective control over
kingdoms; an example of a theater-state;
practiced Hinduism
http://annoyzview.files.wordpress.com/2012/02/chanakya5.jpg

6. -Southeast Asia’s three geographical regions:
•Indochina mainland
•Malay peninsula
•Islands on an east-west axis in the Pacific Ocean
-Occupied Burma, Thailand, Laos, Cambodia, Vietnam,
Malaysia, and Singapore
-Most inhabitants settled in forests or along riverbanks.
-Political units, made up of the heads of leading families,
controlled the use of water.
-Influenced largely by Indian religion and culture.

7. Wall painting from the caves at Ajanta
• Fifth or sixth century C.E.
• Gupta Period
• Natural caves were used as decoration
• Depicts Mahajanaka, Sivali, and the royal
court

9. Mahabharata
• Epic poem
• Portrays strong and resourceful women,
particularly Draupadi
• Preserves useful information about early Indian
society
• Eight times longer than the Greek Iliad and
Odyssey
• Depicts the conflict between the Pandavas and
Kauravas

11. Women
• Treated like the
shudra
• Couldn’t own or
inherit property
• Practiced sati
http://capariwar.com/wp-content/uploads/indian-women.jpg

12. Nam-Myoho-Renge-Kyo
• Tina Turner converted to Buddhism in 1974
• Buddhism helped her overcome personal
struggles
• The phrase reflects the beliefs of Nichiren
Daishonin
• Practicing this chant reveals Buddhahood
through a series of emotions

13. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oos8ifUhjEw

14. के अं त
(The End)