classification of the veneers, materials, indications, veneer preparation, veneers vs crowns, cost

1. Veneers

2. introduction
• In dentistry, a veneer is a thin layer of material placed over a tooth. It
is normally used to improve the smile of a patient or to protect a
tooth’s surface. The two main types are normally used, them being
composite and porcelain veneers.
• The latter are a very popular tool amongst clinics in recent years. They
can be used to restore a tooth that has been fractured or discolored.
Also, some patients use them in multiple teeth to replicate the smile
of famous people. Others may have malpositioned teeth that appear
crooked or have worn away the edges with constant grinding.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lufZyqPe5sY

3. definition
• Veneers are a type of prosthetic restoration in the form of thin shells.
They are permanently glued to the front of the teeth with the help of
special composite cements, helping achieve natural alignment and
shape of the tooth. They help hide imperfections, such as
discolouration, small cracks or chipped teeth. The biggest advantage
of veneers, as opposed to teeth whitening procedures, is the instant
effect – we can enjoy a bright white smile immediately after leaving
the dentist.
• Veneers are a great solution for patients with a diastema problem.
Once you place them on, the problem disappears immediately.

4. classification• Labial Surface Coverage:
a) No incisal involvement
b) Feathered incisal edge
c) Incisal overlap
• Interproximal preparations:
a) No contact point involvement
b) Contact point level
c) Passed contact point
• Methods of production:
a) Indirect veneers
b) Direct veneers
• Materials:
a) Ceramic
b) Lithium disilicate (very thin and relatively very strong porcelain)
c) Da Vinci (Very thin porcelain)
d) Mac (High resistance to stains and relatively strong)
e) Acrylic (No longer in use for quality work)
f) Composite
g) Nano Ceramic

5. Types of veneers
Types of veneers depend on the material from which they were made. Currently on
the market we can find acrylic, composite and porcelain veneers.
• Acrylic veneers are made of an artificial material, which is the acrylic polymer.
They are not as durable and should only be used as temporary replacements.
• Composite and porcelain veneers are best to ensure a beautiful smile for a long
time.
• Composite veneers are made of a material similar to the one used to fill cavities.
They are not as aesthetically pleasing as porcelain veneers, but they cost less.
Composite veneers last between 2 and 5 years.
• Porcelain veneers provide the best aesthetic effect and the greatest durability.
They reflect light rays just like real teeth, making them virtually unrecognisable as
implants. High resistance to abrasion, discolouration and the sticking of plaque
means that after the treatment we will enjoy a beautiful smile for up to 10 years.

6. indications
Veneers are routinely used to fix:
1. Dental malposition, allowing the patient to give an illusion of
straight teeth when an orthodontic treatment isn’t required.
2. Spaces between front teeth.
3. Malformations in enamel.
4. Stained teeth
5. Fractures that can’t be reconstructed with other methods but don’t
require dental crowns.
6. Malocclusions.

7. advantages
• There are no side-effects to the use of porcelain veneers and they
adapt to your mouth perfectly, that’s why it has become one of the
most demanded dental procedures.
• They can change teeth shape, color and position. It’s a non-invasive
treatment, as they’re placed on top of enamel and fit perfectly on the
patient’s original dental structure.
• Veneers last long periods of time depending on how you take care of
them. The only inconvenient is the time required to carry out the
treatment, because they are pieces designed and created especially
for each patient.

8. Contraindications
Contraindications for veneer placement include:
1. Insufficient tooth substrate (enamel for bonding)
2. Labial version
3. Excessive interdental spacing
4. Poor oral hygiene or caries
5. Parafunctional habits (clenching, bruxism)
6. Moderate to severe malposition or crowding

9. Working procedure
• At the first appointment, the dentist will discuss the pros and cons of
veneers, answer all questions and concerns, as well as carry out a dental
examination and pre-qualify the patient for the right treatment. With the
help of special diagnostic models(wax-up), the patient will be able to see
approximately what the final result will look like. Before implanting
veneers, it is necessary to treat any cavities, remove plaque and tartar.
• Implanting veneers is a multi-stage process that requires several visits to
the dentist. At the first visit, the doctor takes impressions needed to
prepare the implants. The teeth are then polished with diamond stones to
ensure the veneers will stick to the tooth surface. To avoid unnecessary
pain, local anaesthesia is administered. Patients leave the office with
temporary veneers that allow them to comfortably wait several days for
the final product.

10. Working procedure
• The veneers are implanted during the next visit. Temporary veneers
are removed, the contact surface of the implant with the tooth
enamel is once again cleaned, and finally, using special composite
cements, the veneer is placed on the tooth.
• Only thing left is to ensure a normal bite and provide
recommendations to the patients. After this procedure, oral hygiene
doesn’t differ significantly from caring for natural teeth. There are no
contraindications to brushing, flossing or using mouthwash. An
appointment for a follow-up visit is also set.
• After leaving the dentist chair, patient can enjoy a new, bright white
smile.

11. Types of veneer preparations
There are four basic preparation designs for porcelain
laminate veneers:
• a) Window
• b) Feather
• c) Bevel
• d) Incisal Overlap

12. Working procedure- video
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ukvJSiHxwxE

13. Current Veneer Technologies
• a) Lumineers
• b) Smile Infinity®

14. Veneers vs crowns
• Both crowns and veneers are forms of dental restoration. They work by
adding a covering to an existing tooth to improve its appearance or
function. The main difference between a veneer and a crown is how much
of the original tooth is removed, how thick the material covering the tooth
is, and how much of the tooth is covered. Both crowns and veneers are
effective in improving the aesthetic appearance of teeth.
• A veneer is usually made of wafer-thin porcelain and is bonded to the front
of a tooth. The porcelain is color-matched to your natural teeth. Veneers
are strong but brittle, and sharp or repeated impacts can dislodge or crack
them.
• A crown encases the entire tooth. It can be made of metal, porcelain or a
combination of both. It is usually around double the thickness of a veneer,
making it more durable and resistant to cracking than a veneer.

15. Veneers vs crowns- differences in tooth
preparation
• Veneers are considered a more conservative treatment than crowns. Less
of the tooth needs to be removed in order to place a veneer. Your dentist
will usually just remove a thin layer of tooth enamel from the front of the
tooth and will not normally need to touch the core or the back of the
tooth.
• Crowns require between 60% and 75% of the existing visible tooth to be
trimmed away before the crown is placed. This typically means two to four
times as much tooth reduction as veneers.
• There is sometimes a grey area in the preparation required for veneers and
crowns. Occasionally, in situations where veneers are being used to correct
alignment, teeth being prepared for veneers may be accompanied with the
more aggressive trimming characteristic of crowns. This can create some
confusion between which type of treatment is being used.

16. cost
The total cost of veneers will vary, depending on:
• possible initial dental treatment;
• number of veneers implanted;
• the city and the dental office;
• the type of veneers used.
• As for composite veneers, be prepared to spend several hundred PLN
per tooth. Porcelain veneers are more expensive and prices start at
PLN 1,000.