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- 1. Relationships between Tunisians and Libyans Jon Gresham Centre d'Etudes Maghrebines a Tunis Tunisia http://www.Facebook.com/LibyanResearch http://www.Facebook.com/TunisMigration
- 4. - Western Libya = More Education -Cross Tabs of Education x Location: ---English is better ---Read Newspapers ---More Facebook, More Internet (Literate) ---Use Facebook for local news ---Less Educated use YouTube (Orality) Other Libyan Findings: Education Does Matter
- 5. - Migrants open to new ideas -Migrants less traditional, less religious -Migrants less motivated by money & work -Migrants want to be owner, not employee -Migrant women cover for cultural reasons, not religious More Education Does Matter for Migrants
- 6. - Priority Solutions Proposed - -More Buildings - -More Teacher Training - -Better Methods & Materials - -More Public Support for Education - -Internationalize Education - Similar to Secretariat of Education! Education Impact
- 7. Case Study --Ahmad, Law Student in Tunisia --No English, No French --Depends on others --Vocabulary, Theory, Analysis Education: Language & Thinking
- 8. -400,000 to 1 million Libyans total -80,000 Libyan medical patients -2,000 Libyan basic school students -3,000 Libyans cross the border daily (each way) Libyans in Tunisia
- 9. -100,000 Tunisians worked in Libya (unskilled or semi-skilled) -1,000 Tunisian companies registered -70% of the returnees would return (IOM) -up to 500,000 jobs for Tunisians Tunisians in Libya
- 10. -1 million underemployed Libyans -Learn together, survey, share. -Many quality surveys. -In Tunisia, talk freely and openly. UNKNOWN: how many are from tourism, medical treatment, business, education, or political refugees Join research in Tunisia
- 11. -Many well-trained graduate students -Paper-and-pen: E8-12/survey -Online: E4/survey (Careful!) -Commercial: E15-30/survey UNKNOWN: how many are from tourism, medical treatment, business, education, or political refugees Research Costs in Tunisia
- 12. Relationships between Tunisians and Libyans Jon Gresham Centre d'Etudes Maghrebines a Tunis Tunisia http://www.Facebook.com/LibyanResearch http://www.Facebook.com/TunisMigration
Editor's Notes
- 3 years of studying migration from Tunisia 10 years studying migration to and from Europe. This project: Libyans in Tunisia and Tunisians who work with Libyans. Goal: facilitate Human Security in both countries. better jobs for Tunisians working in Libya, better personal relationships between Libyans and Tunisians Contribute questions and ideas.
- We compare Tunisian and Libyan opinions. Tunisia is part of the long-term Libyan solution. Geographical and cultural proximity. Huge numbers of Libyans and Tunisians cross illegally into Europe. Hope for money and lives lost? Respondents 950 Tunisians 105 Libyans: 60% in West, 40% in East, some in the South. We balance data by interviewing Tunisians and Libyans.
- Findings. 1. Give ideas. You are experts in different areas of Libyan studies. Please get with me tonight or during a break or send me an email. 2. Here are the reasons that Tunisians have told us that they migrate. Money, Jobs, Education, Adventure. Libyans no similar patterns. Except tourists looking for adventure, and entertainment. 3. Baseline. no unexpected results. 4. Tunisians. Correlation between education and migration. higher level of education = career and job. 5. Tunisians 12 years of education. Libyans 7 ( UNDP). 6. Tunisians low opinion about uneducated Libyans. Tunisians understand; Libyans cannot.
- About our findings. Education Matters: Cross-Tabs of Region of the Country x Education = --English is spoken better. --Better educated read newspapers. --More Facebook and more Internet. --Facebook for local news. --Less educated use YouTube for news.
- More. Better-educated respondents held significantly similar views on certain factors: *migrants are more open to new ideas. *migrants are less religious and less traditional. *Migrants are less interested in money or business or work or education as reasons to migrate abroad. *Migrants are more likely to start their own business than to be employed by somebody else. *More education meant less motivation to migrate to make money or find job or career opportunities. *Migrant women cover themselves more for cultural reasons, not religious.
- Back to education. Almost everybody uses Facebook. Educated write on Facebook daily--written. Less Educated use YouTube—oral communication. Stability related to: Priority Impacts 1. Build buildings. 2. Train teachers. 3. methods and materials. 4. increase public support for education—mandatory attendance longer 5. internationalize education: foreign languages, foreign teachers, foreign accountability. ] Same were included by Libyan Secretariat of Education and Scientific Research.
- Here is a story to illustrate this challenge. Ahmad is a university student from Libya who is working on a graduate degree in Tunisia. He speaks and understands no English and no French. He is attempting to study an aspect of international law, and he is trying to do this in the Arabic language. Sadly, he found that there simply is not much information available in Arabic that addresses internationalization of law that would serve to develop the legal systems in Libya. He is studying in Tunisia where almost everything at a high academic level is written in French or English. Ahmad is dependent on others to collect and translate material for him because he does not know how to find material on the Internet, even though he can use Facebook and read what his friends are saying. He is unable to use a computer to go on to the Internet and look for material relevant to his topic in Arabic or any other language. Second, even if Ahmad was provided with material in Arabic, he lacks essential vocabulary and the theoretical concepts to deal with new content even in Arabic. And he is untrained to think critically about how to procure and analyze large amounts of material, how to extract fact from opinion, and how to think critically about what kind of material would support his own research and the writing of his thesis. Even though Ahmad is intelligent, his main issues are the inability to deal with foreign languages coupled with a further inability to procure, manage, decipher, process, and synthesize what material he was able to find.
- Libyans in Tunisia. * *There are between 400,000 and 1 million LIbyans are in Tunisia, most without registration. * there are 80,000 Libyan medical patients in Tunisia. *There are 2,000 Libyan basic school students in Tunisia. *There are 3,000 Libyans each day traversing the border between Libya and Tunisia.
- Tunisians in Libya. *100,000 Tunisians working in Libya in unskilled or semi-skilled service fields. *1,000 Tunisian companies registered In Libya *70% of the returnees surveyed by the IOM would return *up to 500,000 jobs for Tunisians in LIbya
- *Join in research in Tunisia, longterm social science research *access a pool of maybe 1 million Libyans who are mostly unemployed. It is simple to engage with them, learn from them, and survey them. It is simple to get hundreds of quality surveys in a very short amount of time. they can talk freely and openly. how many are in categories of tourism, medical treatment, business, education, or political refugees. That data has not been collected and could be very important for addressing human security needs in Libya and Tunisia
- Research Costs: As a side note, for your information, many well-trained Tunisian graduate students available to work, paper-and-pen survey results cost about E8-12/survey in small quantities Set up online surveys cost about E4/survey Commercial online survey companies quoted me E15-30 per completed survey
- 3 years of studying migration from Tunisia 10 years studying migration to and from Europe. This project: Libyans in Tunisia and Tunisians who work with Libyans. Goal: facilitate Human Security in both countries. better jobs for Tunisians working in Libya, better personal relationships between Libyans and Tunisians Contribute questions and ideas.