Recommended
More Related Content
Similar to Cardiovascular DRUGS.pptx
Similar to Cardiovascular DRUGS.pptx (20)
More from JifamyFundalFaeldin
Recently uploaded
Recently uploaded (20)
Cardiovascular DRUGS.pptx
- 2. What drug is given to decrease central sympathetic outflow and norepinephrine release in noradrenergic nerve endings but notorious in causing rebound hypertension? A. Guanabenz B. Guanfacin C. Clonidine D. Amlodipine
- 4. Control of blood pressure ⢠Physiologically, in both normal and hypertensive individuals, blood pressure is maintained by moment-to-moment regulation of cardiac output and peripheral vascular resistance, exerted at three anatomic sites: ⢠Arterioles ⢠Postcapillary venules (capacitance vessels) ⢠Heart ⢠Kidney
- 8. ⢠Methyldopa ⢠Clonidine ⢠Guanabenz/Guanfacine Activate central a2 adrenoceptors ⢠Decrease central sympathetic outflow ⢠Decrease norepinephrine release in noradrenergic nerve endings
- 9. Side effects ⢠Methyldopa: DEAD- HeNS ⢠Depression ⢠EPS ⢠Anemia (hemolytic) ⢠Drug fever ⢠Hepatitis ⢠Nightmares ⢠Sedation â˘Clonidine: DDS-R ⢠Dry mouth ⢠Depression ⢠Sedation ⢠Rebound hypertension
- 10. What drug is given to decrease central sympathetic outflow and norepinephrine release in noradrenergic nerve endings but notorious in causing rebound hypertension? A. Guanabenz B. Guanfacin C. Clonidine D. Amlodipine
- 11. What drug is given to decrease central sympathetic outflow and norepinephrine release in noradrenergic nerve endings but notorious in causing rebound hypertension? A. Guanabenz B. Guanfacin D. Amlodipine
- 12. â˘Adz experienced tremor, slurred speech, and akathesia. Which of the following anti- hypertensive medication is the culprit of this manifestation? A. Reserpine B. Guanfacin C. Guanabenz D.All of the above
- 13. ⢠Reserpine- Blocks vesicular amine transporter in noradrenergic nerves ⢠Guanethidine- replaces norepinephrine in the vesicles Reduces sympathetic activity Side effects: mild diarrhea GIT cramps increases gastric acid secretion sedation lassitude nightmares severe mental depression EPS
- 14. â˘Adz experienced tremor, slurred speech, and akathesia. Which of the following anti- hypertensive medication is the culprit of this manifestation? A. Reserpine B. Guanfacin C. Guanabenz D.All of the above
- 15. â˘Adz experienced tremor, slurred speech, and akathesia. Which of the following anti- hypertensive medication is the culprit of this manifestation? B. Guanfacin C. Guanabenz D.All of the above
- 16. ⢠Amy has to undergo Total Abdominal Bilateral Salpingo-Oophorectory, intraoperatively her BP shoots up to 160/100. What particular beta blocker must be given to Amy? A. Betaxolol B. Metoprolol C. Atenolol D. Esmolol
- 20. ⢠Amy has to undergo Total Abdominal Bilateral Salpingo-Oophorectory, intraoperatively her BP shoots up to 160/100. What particular beta blocker must be given to Amy? A. Betaxolol B. Metoprolol C. Atenolol D. Esmolol
- 21. ⢠Amy has to undergo Total Abdominal Bilateral Salpingo-Oophorectory, intraoperatively her BP shoots up to 160/100. What particular beta blocker must be given to Amy? A. Betaxolol B. Metoprolol C. Atenolol
- 22. â˘Annina was hypertensive, she was given with a calcium channel blocker. Which calcium channel blocker must be given to her? A. Felodipine B. Verapamil C. Diltiazem D. Any of the above
- 24. Calcium Channel Blockers Mechanism of Action: Inhibition of calcium influx into arterial smooth muscle cells Antihypertensive Anti-arrhythmic Anti-anginal
- 25. DIHYDROPYRIDINE -dipine ⢠more selective as vasodilator ⢠reflex SNS activation with slight tachycardia NON- DIHYDROPYRIDINE -Verapamil - Diltiazem ⢠Cardiac depressant
- 26. â˘Annina was hypertensive, she was given with a calcium channel blocker. Which calcium channel blocker must be given to her? B. Verapamil C. Diltiazem D. Any of the above
- 27. ⢠Amy 27 years old, G1 at 25 weeks age of gestation complained of stiff neck and dizziness. She check her BP and ranges from 140-150/90-100 mmHg. She seek consult and urinalysis was done with 3+ proteinuria. What is the drug of choice to her condition that dilates arterioles but not veins? A. Methyldopa B. Hydralazine C. Nitroprusside D. Both A and B
- 30. ⢠Amy 27 years old, G1 at 25 weeks age of gestation complained of stiff neck and dizziness. She check her BP and ranges from 140-150/90-100 mmHg. She seek consult and urinalysis was done with 3+ proteinuria. What is the drug of choice to her condition that dilates arterioles but not veins? A. Methyldopa C. Nitroprusside D. Both A and B
- 32. ACE INHIBITOR
- 33. â˘ALL are prodrugs â˘ALL are eliminated in the KIDNEYS
- 35. ARBS
- 37. Renin Antagonist
- 38. ⢠Innabels is diabetic and has gout. Which of the following diuretic is are contraindicated with Innabels? 1. Furosemide 3. Hydrochlothiazide 2. Spironolactone 4. Eplerenone A. 1,2 B. 1, 3 C. 3 only D. ALL OF THE ABOVE
- 41. LOOP of HENLE â˘Reabsorption of Sodium, Potassium, chloride via the NKCC2 carrier â˘Major site of magnesium and calcium reabsorption â˘Thick ascending limb is impermeable to water.
- 49. ⢠Innabels is diabetic and has gout. Which of the following diuretic is are contraindicated with Innabels? 1. Furosemide 3. Hydrochlothiazide 2. Spironolactone 4. Eplerenone A. 1,2 B. 1, 3 C. 3 only D. ALL OF THE ABOVE
- 50. ⢠Innabels is diabetic and has gout. Which of the following diuretic is are contraindicated with Innabels? 1. Furosemide 3. Hydrochlothiazide 2. Spironolactone 4. Eplerenone A. 1,2 B. 1, 3 D. ALL OF THE ABOVE
- 52. Angina Pectoris â˘Strangling or pressure-like pain due to cardiac ischemia â˘Substernal But may radiate to neck, shoulder, arm, epigastrium Types: â˘Effort/ Classic Angina â˘Vasospastic/Variant/ Prinzmetal angina
- 54. GENERAL APPROACH TO MANAGEMENT
- 57. Release of NO within muscle cells is probably due to the action of mitochondrial enzyme aldehyde dehydrogenase 2
- 61. ⢠Nicorandil ⢠Nicotinamide nitrate ester ⢠Decreases preload and afterload ⢠Provides myocardial protection by activation of cardiac potassium ATP channels ⢠Ranolazine ⢠Reduces a late sodium current that facilitates calcium entry via the sodium- calcium exchanger ⢠reduces diastolic tension, cardiac cotractility and work ⢠SE: prolongs the QT interval in patients with CAD
- 62. ⢠Trimetazidine ⢠pFOX inhibitors because they partially inhibit fatty acid oxidation pathway in myocardium ⢠Allopurinol ⢠Xanthine oxidade inhibitor ⢠prolongs exercise time in patients with atherosclerotic plaque.
- 63. ⢠Ivabradine ⢠relatively selective If, sodium channel blockers ⢠reduces the heart rate by inhibiting the hyperpolarization- activated Na channels ⢠efficiency is similar with calcium channel blockers and beta blockers ⢠Fasudil ⢠inhibitor of smooth muscle Rho kinase
- 64. â˘Intermittent claudication â˘Obstruction of blood flow by atheromas in large and medium arteries
- 65. Treatment ⢠Control of hyperlipidemia, hypotension, obesity, diabetes ⢠Cessation of smoking ⢠Physical therapy and exercise training ⢠Percutaneous angioplasty with stenting ⢠antiplatelets
- 69. EFFECT PINCD ⢠Positive Inotropic= Increases Contractility ⢠Negative Chronotropic= Decrease HR ⢠Negative Dromotropic Effect= DEcrease the Conduction system
- 70. What is its effect on.... â˘Atrial Muscle â˘Purkinje and Ventricular muscle â˘AV Node
- 71. â˘VED- RAQ Verapamil Electrolyte Abnormality- HYPO K,Mg; HYPERCa Diuretics Renal Failure Amniodarone Quinidine
- 72. Toxicity V-A-N-D-A â˘Vomiting â˘Arrhythmia â˘Nausea â˘Diarrhea â˘Altered level of consciousness- confusion, visual disturbances
- 73. Treatment of digitalis toxicity â˘Correction of K and Mg â˘Antiarrhythmic drugs â˘Digoxin Antibodies
- 75. ACE INHIBITOR
- 76. â˘ALL are prodrugs â˘ALL are eliminated in the KIDNEYS
- 78. ARBS
- 80. Renin Antagonist
- 81. OTHER HELPFUL DRUGS â˘B1 Agonist- Dobutamine, Dopamine â˘Beta Blockers- Only if there is Marked Tachycardia â˘PDE5 Inhibitor: Sildenafil; Do NOT COMBINE WITH NITRATES â˘Novel Therapy- ARNI- LCZ696
Editor's Notes
- Constriction of arterioles increases resistance, which causes a decrease in blood flow to downstream capillaries and a larger decrease in blood pressure.
- VMAT-
- Bradykinin substance P and neuro peptide gamma
- compete with OAT 1 in eliminating uric acid
- xanthine oxidase- enzyme that contribute to oxidative stress and endothelial dysfunction
- pain occuring in skeletal muscles, especially in the legs, during exercise and disappears with rest
- Bradykinin substance P and neuro peptide gamma