Definition of inductive and deductive research approaches & type of research

1. Jagannath University
Department of Geography and Environment
Definition of inductive and deductive
research approaches & type of research
Group 02
Syed Abul Basher – M23060201108
Md.Zahidul Islam – M23060201109
Mohammad Iqbal Hossain – M23060201110
Sumona Rani – M23060201111
Shahrin Akhter – M23060201112
Md.Iqbal Faruque – M23060201113
Ashif Rahman – M23060201114

2. Table of Content
 What is research
 Type of research
 Qualitative research
 Quantitative research
 Difference between qualitative and quantitative research
 Inductive approaches
 Deductive approaches
 Comparison between both approaches
 Importance of those approaches
 Conclusion

3. What is Research
 The word research is originated from the old French word “ Recerchire”.that means
search again
 According to M.Nurul Islam,
Research is a scientific method of answering a research question, solving a research
problem or generating new knowledge through a systematic and orderly collection
,organization and analysis of data with a goal of making the findings of research useful
in decision making.

4. Types of Research
There is Two types of Research
- Fundamental Research
- Applied Research

5. Type of Research
Research
Fundamental
Research
Applied
Research

6. Fundamental Research /Applied Research
Fundamental/Basic Research Applied Research
Basic Research is Sponsored by n agency or organization
advance of Knowledge
Applied research is sponsored by an agency with a vested
interested in the result
Result in basic research are the property of society and the
research community
Applied research result become the property of sponsor
Studies related to basic research rely on the established
reputation of the researcher and are totally under their control
Studies related to applied research follow explicit terms of
reference developed by the sponsor to serve the sponsor needs
Research reports are targeted to other specialized researcher in
the same field
Research report are intended to be read and understood by lay
person
Source: A introduction to research method by M. Nurul Islam

7. Inductive Approaches
 Inductive research is a method in which the researcher collects and analyzes data to
develop theories, concepts or hypotheses based on patterns and observation seen in
the data.
 Steps of inductive research process:
Observation
Pattern
Tentative
Hypothesis
Theory

8. Advantages & disadvantages of
inductive approaches
Advantages
 Rules learners discover for
themselves (student-centered) how to
use, when to use some structures than
rules they have been presented with.
This makes the rules more
meaningful, memorable and acquire.
 Students participate in the learning
process more actively, rather than
being simply passive listeners:
therefore students are more attentive
and more motivated.
 Students work things out for
themselves and it prepares them for
greater self reliance and autonomy.
Disadvantages
 Much time and energy are spent while
working out rules with students.
 The time taken to work out a rule may
be at the expense of time spent in
putting the rule to some sort of
productive practice.
 It can demand teachers to work on
planning a lesson.
 An inductive approach frustrates
students who would prefer simply to
be told the rule.

9. Deductive Approaches
 Deductive research is a type of research in which the researcher starts with a theory,
hypothesis or generalization and then tests it though observations and data
collection.
 Steps of deductive research approaches:
Theory
Hypothesis
observation
confirmation

10. Comparison between Inductive &
Deductive approaches
Inductive Approaches
 Inductive approaches is the process of
moves from specific observation to
broader generalization.
 Involves moving from specific to
general.
 A bottom up approaches.
 Its fast and easy to use.
 The truth of premises dose not
necessarily guarantee the truth of
conclusion.
 Based on patterns and connections.
Deductive Approaches
 Deductive approaches is the process
of start of general statements to reach
a logical conclusion.
 Involves moving from general to
specific.
 A top down approaches.
 The conclusion has to be true if the
premises are true.
 Comparatively more complex and its
consume more time.
 Based on facts , truths or rules.

11. Conclusion
 Inductive research and deductive research are two different types of research with
different starting points, goals, method and ways of looking at data.
 Inductive research uses specific observations and patterns to come up with new
theories. Besides deductive research starts with a theory or hypothesis and tests it
through observation
 Both approaches have advantages as well disadvantages and can be used in various
type of research depending on the question and goal.

12. Any Question?
Thank you