Tubo-ovarian abscesses are collections of pus in the fallopian tubes or ovaries that can develop from pelvic infections. They require prompt diagnosis and treatment with intravenous antibiotics and sometimes surgery. The article reviews the diagnosis and management of tubo-ovarian abscesses, noting that ultrasound is useful for diagnosis but CT scan may be needed for complex cases, and that treatment involves IV antibiotics with surgery sometimes needed for drainage if the patient does not improve within 48 hours of starting antibiotics.