2. Nicholas
Machiavelli
(1532 AD)
Sepsis: hectic fever,
in its beginning,
is difficult to recognise but
easy to cure;
in the course of time,
it becomes easy to recognise
but difficult to cure
3. Sepsis: physiologic, pathologic, and
biochemical abnormalities induced by
infection
More than $20 billion of total US hospital
cost in 2011
estimates: sepsis is a leading cause of
mortality & critical illness worldwide
18. PCT: Prohormon (Calcitonin), released into
circulation in response to bacterial infection
sensitivity 88%
specificity 81%
19.
20.
21. But, there is no Procalcitonin investigation to
establish sepsis definition
So, no need to wait for Procalcitonin result to
initiate resuscitation
22.
23.
24.
25.
26.
27. 3-hour Bundles
Measure Lactate level
Obtain cultures prior to administration of antibiotics
Administer broad spectrum antibiotics
Administer 30 mL/kg crystalloid for hypotension or lactate > 4 mmol/L
“Time of presentation” is defined as the time of triage in ED, or, if presenting from
another venue, from the earliest chart notation consistent with all elements of severe
sepsis or septic shock ascertained through chart review
28. 6-hour Bundles
Apply vasopressors* to maintain MAP > 65 mmHg
Re-assess volume status & tissue perfusion**
Re-measure lactate if initial lactate elevated
*for hypotension that does not respond to initial fluid resuscitation
** In the event of persistent hypotension (MAP < 65 mmHg) or lactate > 4 mmol/L
29. Physician think
they do a lot for a
patient when they
give his disease a
name
Emmanuel Kant (1743-1804)