Presentation of different type financial instruments to fight global warming.
Emission Trading.
Markets.
Trading objects:
- EUA (EU Emission Allowances)
- CER (Certified Emission Reductions.
3. Globally there are TWO main СО2 restricting
mechanisms
CO2
The Kyoto
Protocol
EMET
(European
Model for
Emission
Trading)
4.
5.
6. Phase І (2005-
2007)
• 40% of СО2
emission
issuers in EU
• 100% cost-
free quotas
Phase ІІ (2008-
2012)
• Scandinavia ,
Liechtenstein
and others
• Min. 90% cost-
free quotas
Phase ІІІ (2013-
2020)
• Other non-EU
countries and
other
continents
• Mainly trading,
but cost-free
quotas as well
7.
8.
9.
10.
11. Problems in the allocation of free quotas!
Necessity to improve methods of verifying the
actual emissions!