The document discusses the impact of population growth on economic development in India. It begins by providing background on global and Indian population growth rates. The research aims to analyze how rapid population growth affects India's economic development and to suggest measures to control population expansion. The methodology involves a regression analysis of variables like population growth, unemployment, human resource development, and trade openness on GDP growth. The results found that high population growth can slow economic development by making it difficult to productively employ the labor force and increasing demand for resources. However, correlation can be positive if population increases are proportionate to available resources and people have skills to efficiently use resources. In conclusion, uncontrolled population growth poses more of a constraint than benefit to developing countries like India

1. Impact of Population
Growth on
Economic
Development in
India
MJP ROHILKHAND UNIVERSITY BAREILLY
RESEARCH
RESEARCH SCHOLAR NAME NASEER AHMAD
DEPARTMENT OF ECONOMICS
PROPOSAL

2. Population is the resource of labor force. The larger the size of population,
the larger will be the labor force. Labor alone cannot produce anything. If
other resources required for production are also available in sufficient
quantity then a labor force is productive assets for a country. If other
resources are not available in sufficient quantities then large labor force can
become an obstruction to faster economic growth. Some countries
particularly the developing countries have fast growth rate of
population. This paper intends to highlight how the fast growth of
population affects the economic development of the country and it also tries
to suggest some measures to control population explosion so that economic
development may not be hindered.
The main aim of this work is to find the effects of rapid population growth
on economic developmentin India.
INTRODUCTION

3. In initial stages of human history as well as pre-history, the human population grew at a snail’s
speed till 17th century (i.e. .002% per year) with advancement in science, agriculture and
industry the population growth began to accelerate. It took mankind more than a million years
to reach the first billion around the year 1800. By the year 1900, a second billion was added
and the twentieth century has added another 3.7 billion. The present world population is
estimated at 6.8 billion. Every four days the world population increases by one million. India,
the largest democratic country in the world covers 2.4% of the total land of the world and 16%
of the total world population inhabits in it. Every year about 1.6 crores persons are added to its
population. According to the United Nations Fund on Population Activities (UNFPA) the world
population increases by about 78 crores every year, India contributes about one-fifth of this
growth. According to 2011 census, India now has a population of 1.2 billion comprising 624
million males and 587 million females. This is an increase of 181 million people since the
census 2011 which is nearly equivalent to the population of Brazil
Population is also considered human capital an important factor of economic growth and
development, as well as one of the sources of competitive advantages. In order to attain highly
skilled human capital, countries should improve their labor skills, knowledge and techniques
by investing more in education, science and technology [
KEYWORDs - Population growth, Economic development, Economic progress, Developed and
developing countries

4. Literature Review :
Many researchers analyzed the relationship between population growth
and economics development variables in the past.
Xiujian Peng (2002). examined the relationship between rise in the
productivity of population growth and the labor divison. She found that the
change is productivity is not explained by the growth of population. But she
found that division in labour has increased the productivity. She also
explained that the increase in population of a
nation helps the improvement in division of labor in a country.
Gill (1992) investigated the relationships between population growth and
economic development for the economy of India. He concluded that
population growth is good but up to some extent, while large population
growth caused pressure on resources within the economy. Large
population growth has negative impact on economic development.

5. Kothare(1999) investigated the relationships between population
growth and economic development of the indian economy. of 1988 to
1998. He concluded that India is one of the world’s fastest growing
economies, primarily due to the rise in population growth creating a
positive effect on its long run economic growth. India is now ranked
one of the top producers in agriculture and is a top nation in terms of
GDP in a developing country. In many cases, economists are correct in
saying that population growth has a positive effect on economic
growth of a nation. In reality, economists might say, "If it weren’t for
its high populations India would still be a suffering developing nation.
According to Aguirre (1999), ―There are many debates going on
the impact of huge population growth of a nation. The approach for
almost all of them is different and their motivation is different too. A
working knowledge of the parties and their underlying philosophies will
allow one to shift through the diverse rhetoric and hold them up to the
light of scientific data.

6. Research Objective:
The main objective of the study is following
(1) to analyse the impact of population growth rate on economic
development in India
(2) doing the regression analysis of different variables which act as
indicators for economic development and the population growth.
(3) we plan to compare the results with the other studies.
(4)how do human resources make an impact on economic development
of the country.

7. Research Methodology
Different papers use different models to explain the theory. For our
paper we are going to use the model of Sher Ali (2009).
Y = ß 0 + ß 1 PG + ß 2 UN + ß 3 HRD + ß 4 TOP + µ(F)
Y = GDP Growth
POG = Population growth
UN = unemployment rate
HRD = Human Resource Development
TOP = trade openness
µ = White noise error term

8. Data collection and tools
The data for this model are collected from different sources like Reserve
Bank of India (RBI), National Sample Survey Organization (NSSO),
Heritage, Population Census. We have used the regression analysis to
find out the estimates of these coefficients. The World Bank data is also
used to re-verify the data

9. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION
The above analysis shows that high growth rate of population has slowed down the pace
of economic development in the developing countries. On the basis of above argument
my hypothesis holds true that population growth is constraint for development. It is
found that the fast increasing population makes the task of absorbing the labor force in
productive activities all the more difficult. So large increase in population is more a
liability than an asset in the developing countries. It has also been also examined that
increasing demand for agricultural land, firewood, dwelling units’ etc. results in
deforestation which adversely affects soil fertility, causes floods and affects the climate. It
can be concluded large size of population and its fast rate of growth increases the
consumption needs. This increases consumption expenditure. So saving rate and capital
formation does not increase much. A part of resources mobilized by such economies are
eaten away by fast growing population. Despite this conclusion I want to express that the
correlation between population growth and economic development could be favorable
only when increasing population is proportionate to resources available in country and
resources are to be exploited in its full capacity, in effective and efficient manner by the
skillful, talented human resources in the countries like India.

10. REFERENCES
1- Sodhganga website
2- Mamoria, C.B.- Growth of Population in India.
3- Journal Pratiyogita Darpan- Indian Economy.
4- Published by indian government - Indian Census 2001 and 2011.
5- Research gate website