Unveiling the Characteristics of Political Institutions_ A Comprehensive Anal...
Group project
1. By: Kevin White, Yah Kamei, Mohammad Bokahri, and
Markus Wakefield
2. Research Question
How did Scientist help Japan recover it’s human
dignity through innovations in health and medicine
after the Atomic bombing of Hiroshima and Nagasaki?
3. History
December 1941, following the bombing of Pearl
Harbor, the United States Officially joined WWII
By 1942, the U.S. government started the Manhattan
project.
the Manhattan project was a secret government
operation designed to build and test an atomic bomb
4. History
The decision was made on August 6, 1945 at 8:15 am, to
drop the first atomic bomb in Hiroshima, Japan
The bomb exploded 2,000 feet off away from the ground
and instantly killed 80,000 people
On August 9, 1945 another bomb was dropped, this time in
Nagasaki, Japan
In total, the two bombs killed over 160,000 people.
Radiation from the bombs had lasting effects that still
impact the lives of Japanese people today
5. Health Effects
First two weeks: burns from rays and flames, and
wounds (trauma) from blast and falling structures
3rd week through 8th week: loss of hair, anemia, loss
of white cells, bleeding, diarrhea.
3rd and 4th months: disfiguration, severe scar
formations (keloids), blood abnormalities, sterility
(both sexes), and psychosomatic disorders.
Present Day: leukemia, A-bomb cataracts, and cancers
of thyroid, breast, lungs, salivary glands, birth
defects, including mental retardation
6. A-Bomb Illness
Acute Stages
Primary
Flash Burns
Secondary
scorch, contact, and
flame burns
A-Bomb Trauma
injuries sustained
from flying
debris, burial under
rubble, and blast
compression
7. A-Bomb Illness
A-bomb Radiation Illness
cell death, inhibited cell division, abnormalities of
intracellular molecules and membranes
Actively regenerating and proliferating cells are most
sensitive to radiation
young blood cells, lymphocytes, sperm, ovaries are most
sensitive; next are mucosal epithelial cells of the mouth, the
esophagus, and stomach, and epithelial cells of the eye
lens, and cells forming the hair
8. A-Bomb Illness
Blood Injuries
nausea, vomiting, general malaise.
loss of hair, marked malaise, persistent fever, decrease of
white blood cells, followed by anemia
decrease of blood platelets, gingivitis (bleeding
gums), oropharyngitis, and skin perpura
9. Scientist Relief
The Atomic Bomb Casualty Commission (ABCC) was a
commission established in 1946 by Harry S. Truman
conduct investigations of the late effects of radiation
among the atomic-bomb survivors in Hiroshima and
Nagasaki
because it was heavily supported by the United
States, the ABCC was generally mistrusted by most
survivors and Japanese alike
So it was erected purely for scientific research and
study, not as a provider of medical care
10. Scientist Relief
The ABCC also drew on the work of Japanese
scientists, who were already studying the survivors
there were four causes of injury in the bombed cities:
Heat
Blast
primary radiation
radioactive poisonous gas
11. Scientific Relief
Answered the Question:
What does strong radioactive energy do to the human body?
Answer:
Damages blood, then hematopoietic organs such as bone
marrow, spleen, and lymph nodes. All are destroyed or
damaged severely. Lungs, intestines, liver, kidney etc are
affected and their functions disturbed as a result
These discoveries on the effects of the bomb helped set the
foundation for the creation of new drugs and medicine to
help the Japanese people
