ISEED INSTRUMENTATION TRAINING COURSE.pdf

INSTRUMENTATION TRAINING COURSE
FIELD INSTRUMENT TRAINING COURSES
FOR
1
MISR FERTILIZERS PRODUCTION COMPANY
PREPARED BY : ENG / EHAB AMAN
ENG / Ibrahim Elsaid

CONTENTS
INSTRUMENT OVERVIEW
TEMPERATURE MEASURMENTS
OVERVIEW…………………………………………………………………………………………..
THERMOMETER…………………………………………………………………………………..
THERMOCOUPLE………………………………………………………………………………….
RESISTANCE TEMPERATURE DETECTORS (RTD‘S)………………………………….
TEMPERATURE TRANSMITTERS ……………………………………………………………
PRESSURE MEASUREMENT
OVERVIEW…………………………………………………………………………………………..
LOCAL PRESSURE INDICATOR………………………………………………………………
PRESSURE TRANSMITTER……………………………………………………………………
2
Tag Number classifications

FLOW MEASUREMENT
OVERVIEW……………………………………………………………………………………………..
FLOW ORIFICE………………………………………………………………………………………..
VENTURI…………………………………………………………………………………………………
LEVEL MEASUREMENT
OVERVIEW………………………………………………………………………………………………
PRESSURE OR DIFFERENTIAL PRESSURE………………………………………………..
FLOAT OR DISPLACER……………………………………………………………………………..
SIGHT GLASSES………………………………………………………………………………………
SIGHT GLASS CHECKING………………………………………………………………………….
3
INSTRUMENT OVERVIEW

TURBINES Control
BENTLY NEVADA AXIAL DISPLACEMENT MEASURMENTS……………………….
BENTLY NEVADA RADIAL VIBRATION MEASURMENTS…………………………….
BENTLY NEVADA OVER SPEED SYSTEM………………………………………………….
TURBINE SPEED GOVERNER , CURRENT TO PRESSSURE CONVERTER ,
4
VALVES HOOKUP AND ACCESSORIES
POSITIONER IDEA OF OPERATION AND MODELS…………………………………
BOOSTER IDEA OF OPERATION AND MODELS……………………………………..
PNEUMATIC LOCKUP RELAY IDEA OF OPERATION AND MODELS…………...
ELECTRICAL SOLENOID IDEA OF OPERATION AND MODELS………………….
QUICK EXHAUST IDEA OF OPERATION AND MODELS…………………………….
MOPCO FIELD INSTRUMENTS OVERVIEW

‫ِمذِـخ‬

‫ؽذح‬ ٍٝ‫ػ‬ ‫دائشح‬ ً‫ثى‬ ‫خبطخ‬ ُ١‫رشل‬ ‫مخ‬٠‫طش‬ ٌٝ‫إ‬ ً‫ط‬ٛ‫اٌز‬ ‫ٌضاِب‬ ْ‫وب‬ ‫ب‬ٙ‫ظبئف‬ٚ ٓ٠‫رجب‬ٚ ‫اٌّظبٔغ‬ ٝ‫ف‬ ُ‫اٌزؾى‬ٚ ْ‫ب‬١‫اٌج‬ ‫ائش‬ٚ‫د‬ ‫أػذاد‬ ‫بدح‬٠‫ٌض‬ ‫ٔظشا‬ٚ
ٌٝ‫اٌزب‬ ٛ‫إٌؾ‬ ٍٝ‫ػ‬
:
-
3 03 409
‫انُحذة‬ ‫رقم‬
ِٓ َ‫االسلب‬ ‫رأخز‬ٚ
1
ٝ‫ؽز‬
99
‫اٌؾبعخ‬ ‫ؽغت‬
‫انمصىع‬ ‫رقم‬
ِٓ َ‫االسلب‬ ‫أخز‬٠ٚ
1
ٌٝ‫ا‬
3
ٝ‫ف‬ ‫اٌّظٕغ‬ ‫ت‬١‫رشر‬ ‫ؽغت‬
ْ‫اٌّىب‬ ‫ٔفظ‬
‫انجٍاس‬ َ‫أ‬ ‫انذائزة‬ ‫رقم‬

ٟ‫وبألر‬ ُّٙ١‫رمغ‬ ُ‫ز‬٠ ٚ ‫بص‬ٙ‫اٌغ‬ ٚ‫ا‬ ٖ‫اٌذائش‬ ُ‫سل‬
1- 000 – 199: Temperature Measurements
2- 201 - 299: Pressure Measurements
3- 301 - 499: Flow Measurements
4- 501 - 599: Level Measurements
5- 601 - 699: Hand Valve , Hand switch
6- 701 - 799: Analyzers
7- 801 - 899: Scanners , Burners , weights ,
8- 901 - 999: Vibration , Axial Displacement , Speed Sensors , On / Off Valves

8
Temperature Measurements
‫انحــــــــــــــــــــــزارة‬ ‫قٕاص‬

9
Measuring the temperature in any plant is one of the parameters required to keep the process in certain
conditions by the operators or by automatic control loop.
Overview
Temperature measurements are divided in to
1 -Local Reading ( Temperature Indicator )
2- Remote Reading ( Thermocouple , RTD , … )
Operators in the field depend on local temperature indicator reading to record
there data in logging sheets
Operators in control room depend on remote temperature measurement to
observe temperature and DCS system record it in trends.
The main benefit for remote temperature measurement is in temperature control
loops
‫ب‬١‫ِبرى‬ٛ‫ار‬ ٚ ً١‫اٌزشغ‬ ٟٕ‫ف‬ ‫ك‬٠‫طش‬ ٓ‫ػ‬ ‫اِب‬ ‫٘زا‬ ُ‫ز‬٠ ٚ ‫خ‬١‫األٔزبع‬ ‫خ‬١ٍّ‫اٌؼ‬ ‫ٌضجظ‬ ٗ‫اٌؾغبع‬ ًِ‫ا‬ٛ‫اٌؼ‬ ِٓ ‫اٌّظبٔغ‬ ٟ‫ف‬ ٖ‫اٌؾشاس‬ ‫بط‬١‫ل‬
ُ‫اٌزؾى‬ ‫ائش‬ٚ‫د‬ ‫ك‬٠‫طش‬ ٓ‫ػ‬
ٌٟ‫ا‬ ٖ‫اٌؾشاس‬ ‫بط‬١‫ل‬ ‫طشق‬ ُ١‫رمغ‬ ٓ‫ّى‬٠
.
‫اٌمشاءد‬ ‫٘زح‬ ٍٟ‫ػ‬ ‫ثٕبء‬ ُ‫اٌزؾى‬ ُ‫ز‬٠ ٚ ‫ساق‬ٚ‫ا‬ ٟ‫ف‬ ‫اٌمشاءد‬ ً١‫ثزغغ‬ ً١‫اٌزشغ‬ ٟٕ‫ف‬ َٛ‫م‬٠ ‫اٌؾبٌخ‬ ٖ‫٘ز‬ ٟ‫ف‬
.
‫لغ‬ٌّٛ‫ثب‬ ‫اٌؾشاساد‬ ٓ١‫ِج‬
ُ‫اٌزؾى‬ ‫ائش‬ٚ‫د‬ ٟ‫ف‬ ًّ‫رغزؼ‬ ٚ‫أ‬ ٖ‫لشاء‬ ‫ِغشد‬ ْٛ‫رى‬ ‫اِب‬ ٚ ‫اٌشبشبد‬ ٍٟ‫ػ‬ ‫اٌؾشاسح‬ ‫لشأد‬ ‫مشاء‬٠ ً١‫اٌزشغ‬ ٟٕ‫ف‬

10
Thermometer is one of the common instrument used to
measure the temperature locally and can be mounted on
Process Pipe line
Vessel
Compressor , Turbine , …
1.1 - Thermometer
The theory of operation can be one of the following
Local Temperature Indicator
1- Local Reading ( Temperature Indicator )
‫لغ‬ٌّٛ‫ثب‬ ٗ١‫ضؼ‬ٌّٛ‫ا‬ ٖ‫اٌؾشاس‬ ‫بط‬١‫ل‬ ‫طشق‬ ‫ش‬ٙ‫اش‬ ِٓ ‫اؽذ‬ٚ ‫ؼزجش‬٠

11
1.1.1 - Bimetal Thermometer
Two different metal strip with different expansion coefficient are connected so
when temperature change a deformation in the strip happened which can be
converted to mechanical movement and reading
ْ‫اٌّؼذ‬ ٟ‫صٕبئ‬ ‫اٌؾشاسح‬ ٓ١‫ِج‬
‫ؾذس‬٠ ٖ‫اٌؾشاس‬ ‫ش‬١‫رغ‬ ‫ػٕذ‬ ٚ ‫ِخزٍفخ‬ ‫رّذد‬ ‫ِؼبِالد‬ ‫ّب‬ٌٙ ٓ١‫ِخزٍف‬ ٓ١ٔ‫ِؼذ‬ ‫د‬ٛ‫ع‬ٚ ٍٟ‫ػ‬ ْ‫اٌّؼذ‬ ‫خ‬١‫صٕبئ‬ ٖ‫اٌؾشاس‬ ‫ٕبد‬١‫ِج‬ ‫رؼزّذ‬
‫ظ‬٠‫اٌزذس‬ ٍٟ‫ػ‬ ‫خ‬١‫خط‬ ٖ‫لشاء‬ ٌٟ‫ا‬ ‫ٍخ‬٠ٛ‫رؾ‬ ٓ‫ّى‬٠ ‫د‬ٚ‫ثزفب‬ ‫رّذد‬

12
1.1.2 - FILLED SYSTEM THERMOMETERS
These instruments operate on the principle that as the temperature increases, so too does the pressure as the
molecules in the fluid become more active. A spiral bourdon tube, similar to that used for pressure measurement, can
be used for temperature. The tube may contain either liquid or gas and as the temperature increases, so too does the
pressure causing the tube to uncoil and move the pointer to indicate the temperature.
‫زّذد‬٠ ‫دسعخاٌؾشاسح‬ ٟ‫ف‬ ‫أخفبع‬ ٚ‫ا‬ ‫اسرفبع‬ ‫س‬ٚ‫ؽذ‬ ‫فؼٕذ‬ ‫خ‬٠ٛ‫ٍِز‬ ‫ثخ‬ٛ‫أج‬ ً‫داخ‬ ‫ٌٍزّذد‬ ً‫لبث‬ ً‫عبئ‬ ٚ‫ا‬ ‫غبص‬ ‫د‬ٛ‫ع‬ٚ ٍٟ‫ػ‬ ‫ع‬ٌٕٛ‫ا‬ ‫٘زا‬ ًّ‫ػ‬ ‫فىشح‬ ‫رؼزّذ‬
‫اٌضغظ‬ ٟ‫ف‬ ‫ٔمض‬ ٚ‫ا‬ ‫بدح‬٠‫ر‬ ٌٟ‫ا‬ ‫ب‬٠‫ِؤد‬ ً‫اٌغبئ‬ ٚ‫ا‬ ‫اٌغبص‬ ‫ٕىّش‬٠ ٚ‫ا‬
.
‫بد‬٠‫ثبٌز‬ ‫اء‬ٛ‫ع‬ ‫اٌمشاءح‬ ‫ش‬١١‫رغ‬ ٌٟ‫ثبٌزب‬ ٚ ْ‫إٌمظب‬ ٚ‫ا‬ ‫بدح‬٠‫ثبٌز‬ ‫اء‬ٛ‫ع‬ ‫خ‬٠ٛ‫اٌٍّز‬ ‫ثخ‬ٛ‫األٔج‬ ‫رؾشن‬ ٌٟ‫ا‬ ٞ‫ؤد‬٠ ْ‫إٌمظب‬ ٚ‫ا‬ ٖ‫بد‬٠‫ثبٌز‬ ‫اٌضغظ‬ ‫ش‬١١‫رغ‬
‫ا‬ ‫ح‬
ْ‫إٌمظب‬ ٚ

13
2.1 Thermocouple
A second, widely used, temperature indicating system is the thermocouple.
Theory Of Operation
Thermo couple most commonly used in plant
Thermo couple used in synthesis , CO2 Compressor
Two different metal welded . As temperature change on the junction mV generated
between two sides
2- Remote Reading ( Thermocouple , RTD , … )
ٓ١‫اٌطشف‬ ٓ١‫ث‬ ‫ٌذ‬ٛ‫ف‬ ‫ٌذ‬ٛ‫ز‬٠ ‫خ‬١ٍ‫ػ‬ ٚ ‫ِؼب‬ ُِٙ‫ٌؾب‬ ُ‫ز‬٠ ٓ١‫ِخزٍف‬ ٓ١١ٔ‫ِؼذ‬ ِٓ ٓ١‫عٍى‬
‫ِمبثٍخ‬ ‫ؽشاسح‬ ‫دسعخ‬ ٌٟ‫ا‬ ‫ٍخ‬٠ٛ‫رؾ‬ ٚ ‫بعخ‬١‫ل‬ ٓ‫ّى‬٠ ‫ٌذ‬ٛ‫اٌّز‬ ‫ٌذ‬ٛ‫اٌف‬ ٟ‫ف‬ ‫ش‬١‫رغ‬ ‫ؾذس‬٠ َ‫اٌٍؾب‬ ‫ٔمطخ‬ ‫ػٕذ‬ ‫اٌؾشاسح‬ ‫ش‬١‫رغ‬ ‫ػٕذ‬
.
ٟ‫ف‬ ‫اٌؾشاسد‬ ‫بط‬١‫ل‬ ٟ‫ف‬ ًّ‫غزؼ‬٠ ٚ ‫اٌّظٕغ‬ ٟ‫ف‬ ‫أزشبسا‬ ‫األوضش‬ ٛ٘ ‫ع‬ٌٕٛ‫ا‬ ‫٘زا‬
ٚ ‫ط‬ٛ‫اٌخط‬ ٚ ‫اٌّؼذاد‬
......
ٟٔ‫صب‬ ‫ضبغظ‬ ً‫داخ‬ ‫خ‬١‫ىبٔى‬١ٌّ‫ا‬ ‫األعضاء‬ ‫ؽشاساد‬ ‫بط‬١‫ل‬ ٟ‫ف‬ ‫ع‬ٌٕٛ‫ا‬ ‫٘زا‬ ًّ‫غزؼ‬٠
‫اٌمشاءد‬ ً١‫ٌزغغ‬ ٚ‫ا‬ ‫خ‬٠‫ٌٍؾّب‬ ‫رٌه‬ ٚ ْٛ‫اٌىشث‬ ‫ذ‬١‫اوغ‬
.

14
Thermo couple used in process air
compressor , Ammonia compressor
Thermo couple used in All the turbines
‫ضبغظ‬ ً‫داخ‬ ‫خ‬١‫ىبٔى‬١ٌّ‫ا‬ ‫األعضاء‬ ‫ؽشاساد‬ ‫بط‬١‫ل‬ ٟ‫ف‬ ‫ع‬ٌٕٛ‫ا‬ ‫٘زا‬ ًّ‫غزؼ‬٠
‫اٌمشاءد‬ ً١‫ٌزغغ‬ ٚ‫ا‬ ‫خ‬٠‫ٌٍؾّب‬ ‫رٌه‬ ٚ ‫ب‬١ِٔٛ‫األ‬
.
ٚ ‫ٕبد‬١‫اٌزشث‬ ً‫داخ‬ ‫خ‬١‫ىبٔى‬١ٌّ‫ا‬ ‫األعضاء‬ ‫ؽشاساد‬ ‫بط‬١‫ل‬ ٟ‫ف‬ ‫ع‬ٌٕٛ‫ا‬ ‫٘زا‬ ًّ‫غزؼ‬٠
‫اٌمشاءد‬ ً١‫ٌزغغ‬ ٚ‫ا‬ ‫خ‬٠‫ٌٍؾّب‬ ‫رٌه‬
.

15
2.2 RTD Resistance Temperature Detector
R = R0 ( 1 + α delta T )
This sensor depend on resistance which is function in temperature variation
3 wires to compensate length effect.
R
RTD 3 Wires
‫اػالح‬ ‫اٌؼاللخ‬ ‫ؽغت‬ ‫اٌؾشاسح‬ ‫دسعخ‬ ‫ش‬١١‫رغ‬ ‫ِغ‬ ‫ش‬١‫رزغ‬ ‫ب‬ٙ‫ّز‬١‫ل‬ ‫ِخ‬ٚ‫ِمب‬
‫اٌغٍه‬ ‫ي‬ٛ‫ط‬ ‫ش‬١‫رأص‬ ‫ٌّالشخ‬ ‫رٌه‬ ٚ ‫اعالن‬ ‫صالس‬ ًّ‫غزؼ‬٠ ُ‫اٌزؾى‬ ‫غشفخ‬ ٓ‫ػ‬ ‫بص‬ٙ‫اٌغ‬ ‫ب‬ٙ١‫ف‬ ‫جؼذ‬٠ ٟ‫اٌز‬ ٓ‫األِبو‬ ٟ‫ف‬
Rm
RL
DCS
RDCS
RDCS = Rm - RL

16
2.3 Temperature Transmitter
Temperature Transmitters used in compressor House , NG Compressor
1- 24 Vdc from DCS
2- 4 – 20 mA
Temperature
Transmitter
DCS
24 Vdc
4-20
mA
Thermocouple / RTD
ٚ‫ا‬ ‫ٌذ‬ٛ‫ف‬ ٛ٘ ً‫اٌذخ‬ ْٛ‫ى‬٠ ‫خ‬١ٍ‫ػ‬ ٚ ‫ثخ‬ ‫اٌخبطخ‬ ‫ِبد‬ٍٛ‫اٌّؼ‬ ً‫و‬ ٚ ‫ظ‬٠‫اٌزذس‬ ‫ّخ‬١‫ل‬ ٚ ‫اٌؾشاسح‬ ‫بص‬ٙ‫ع‬ ‫ع‬ٕٛ‫ث‬ ‫ب‬ٙ‫ثشِغز‬ ُ‫ز‬٠ ‫خ‬١ٔٚ‫اٌىزش‬ ‫وبسرخ‬ ٓ‫ػ‬ ‫ػجبسح‬
‫خ‬٠‫اٌزغز‬ ٚ ‫اٌؾغبط‬ ‫ع‬ٛٔ ‫ؽغت‬ ‫ِخ‬ٚ‫ِمب‬
24
ُ‫اٌزؾى‬ َ‫ٔظب‬ ٌٟ‫ا‬ ‫بس‬١‫اٌز‬ ‫خشط‬ ْٛ‫ى‬٠ ‫اٌؾشاسح‬ ‫ؽغت‬ ٚ ‫صع‬ٌّٛ‫ا‬ ُ‫اٌزؾى‬ َ‫ٔظب‬ ِٓ ‫صبثذ‬ ‫ٌذ‬ٛ‫ف‬

17
Pressure Measurment
Pressure Measurements
‫انضغـــــــــــــــــــــــــــــط‬ ‫قٕاص‬

18
Measuring the pressure in any plant is one of the parameters required to keep the process in
certain conditions by the operators or by automatic control loop.
Overview
Pressure measurements are divided in to
Local Reading ( Pressure Indicator )
Remote Reading ( Pressure Transmitters )
Operators in the field depend on local pressure indicator reading to record there
data in logging sheets
Operators in control room depend on remote pressure measurement to
observe pressure and DCS system record it in trends.
The main benefit for remote pressure measurement is in pressure control loops
‫لغ‬ٌّٛ‫ثب‬ ‫اٌضغظ‬ ٓ١‫ِج‬
‫اٌمشاءد‬ ‫٘زح‬ ٍٟ‫ػ‬ ‫ثٕبء‬ ُ‫اٌزؾى‬ ُ‫ز‬٠ ٚ ‫ساق‬ٚ‫ا‬ ٟ‫ف‬ ‫اٌمشاءد‬ ً١‫ثزغغ‬ ً١‫اٌزشغ‬ ٟٕ‫ف‬ َٛ‫م‬٠ ‫اٌؾبٌخ‬ ٖ‫٘ز‬ ٟ‫ف‬
.
ُ‫اٌزؾى‬ ‫ائش‬ٚ‫د‬ ٟ‫ف‬ ًّ‫رغزؼ‬ ٚ‫أ‬ ٖ‫لشاء‬ ‫ِغشد‬ ْٛ‫رى‬ ‫اِب‬ ٚ ‫اٌشبشبد‬ ٍٟ‫ػ‬ ‫اٌؾشاسح‬ ‫لشأد‬ ‫مشاء‬٠ ً١‫اٌزشغ‬ ٟٕ‫ف‬

19
Local Reading ( Pressure Indicator )
The operator use the pressure indicator to record the
pressure in many items like
1- line pressure,………………..
2- vessel pressure ,……………
3- Tank pressure , ……………..
Theory of operation

20
Remote Reading ( Pressure Transmitter )
Used as remote reading to indicate on DCS or control the pressure on certain item or shutdown
plant, ….
1- Needs Input power 24 vdc
2- Two wires technique
EMERSON pressure transmitter
ُ‫ز‬٠ ٟٔٚ‫اٌىزش‬ ‫عضء‬ ٚ ‫ٌذ‬ٛ‫ف‬ ‫ٌذ‬ٛ‫ز‬٠ ‫ب‬ٙ١ٍ‫ػ‬ ‫اٌضغظ‬ ‫ػٕذ‬ ‫ِبدح‬ ‫ب‬ٍٙ‫ثذاخ‬ ‫بط‬١‫ل‬ ‫غشفخ‬ ِٓ ْٛ‫زى‬٠ ٚ ‫اٌضغظ‬ ‫ٌمشاءح‬ ‫بص‬ٙ‫اٌغ‬ ‫٘زا‬ ًّ‫غزؼ‬٠
ٚ ‫ظ‬٠‫اٌزذس‬ ٚ ‫اٌؾشاسح‬ ٚ ‫اٌضغظ‬ ‫ش‬١‫ؽ‬ ِٓ ً١‫ثبٌزشغ‬ ‫اٌخبطخ‬ ‫ثبٌّذخالد‬ ‫ثشِغزخ‬
......
‫اٌضغظ‬ ‫ّخ‬١‫ل‬ ً‫مبث‬٠ ‫ش‬١‫اِج‬ ٍٍِٟ ‫ثأخشاط‬ ‫اٌىبسرخ‬ َٛ‫رم‬ ‫ب‬ٙ١ٍ‫ػ‬ ‫اٌّخضٔخ‬ ‫ِبد‬ٍٛ‫اٌّؼ‬ ٚ ‫ٌذ‬ٛ‫اٌف‬ ‫ثمشاءح‬ ‫اٌىبسرخ‬ َٛ‫رم‬ ‫خ‬١ٍ‫ػ‬ ٚ
,
.
‫اٌخشط‬ ٚ ‫اٌضغظ‬ ٓ١‫ث‬ ‫خ‬١‫خط‬ ‫اٌؼاللخ‬
.

21
Flow Measurements
Flow Measurements
‫معذل‬ ‫قٕاص‬
‫انســـــــــــــــــــــزٔان‬

22
Flow Measurements
1- Local Reading
Local reading is used to give flow indication for the operator locally.
1.1- Variable Area Flow Meter
‫اػالح‬ ‫ضؼ‬ٌّٛ‫ا‬ ً‫اٌشى‬ ‫ؽغت‬ ْ‫ب‬٠‫اٌغش‬ ‫خ‬١ّ‫و‬ ‫ؽغت‬ ‫ِظّّخ‬ ً‫اٌشى‬ ‫ثخ‬ٍٛ‫ِغ‬ ‫خ‬١ٍ‫داخ‬ ‫اِخ‬ٛ‫ػ‬ ‫ك‬٠‫طش‬ ٓ‫ػ‬ ‫خ‬١ّ‫اٌى‬ ‫ثمشاءح‬ ‫بص‬ٙ‫اٌغ‬ ‫٘زا‬ َٛ‫م‬٠
ْ‫ب‬٠‫اٌغش‬ ‫خ‬١ّ‫و‬ ‫رؼبدي‬ ٟ‫اٌز‬ ‫اٌمشاءح‬ ٌٟ‫ا‬ ‫اٌّؤشش‬ ‫زؾشن‬٠ ٌٟ‫ثبٌزب‬ ٚ ‫اِخ‬ٛ‫اٌؼ‬ ‫ثؾشوخ‬ ‫زأصش‬٠ ‫ظ‬١‫ِغٕبط‬ ٗ‫ث‬ ‫اٌمشاءح‬ ٓ١‫ِج‬
Type : KROHNE

23
Flow Measurements
1.2- Target Flow Meter
Theory Of Operation
ٚ ‫اثخ‬ٛ‫اٌج‬ ‫ؽغت‬ ‫زؾشن‬٠ ‫اٌّؤشش‬ ٌٟ‫ثبٌزب‬ ٚ ْ‫ب‬٠‫اٌغش‬ ‫خ‬١ّ‫و‬ ‫ؽغت‬ ‫رزؾشن‬ ‫اثخ‬ٛ‫اٌج‬ ‫٘زح‬ ٚ ‫ظ‬١‫ِغٕبط‬ ‫ب‬ٙ‫ث‬ ‫اثخ‬ٛ‫ث‬ ‫ثذفغ‬ ً‫اٌغبئ‬ َٛ‫م‬٠
ْ‫ب‬٠‫اٌغش‬ ‫ِؼذي‬ ‫مشاء‬٠ ‫اٌّؤشش‬ ٌٟ‫ثبٌزب‬
Heinrich

24
Flow Measurements
Remote Reading
Remote reading is used to give flow reading to control system either as indication or control principle
There are several methods for flow measurements
1- Delta P Flow Mater.
2- Magnetic Inductive Flow Mater.
3- Vortex Flow Meter.

25
Flow Measurements
Remote Reading
2.1- Delta P Flow Meter.
1. Orifice Plate
This operates on the principle that there is a difference in pressure created across an
orifice plate when flow is present.
There are several elements are used to create delta P to measure the flow some of them are
F α K SQR ( Delta P )
. Flow Element
ٟ‫ف‬ ْ‫فمذا‬ ٌٟ‫ا‬ ٞ‫ؤد‬٠ ْ‫ب‬٠‫اٌغش‬ ٟ‫ف‬ ‫ش‬١‫طغ‬ ‫اخزٕبق‬ ًّ‫ثؼ‬ ‫بص‬ٙ‫اٌغ‬ ‫٘زا‬ َٛ‫م‬٠
ْ‫ب‬٠‫اٌغش‬ ‫ِؼذي‬ ٍٟ‫ػ‬ ‫ؤصش‬٠ ‫ال‬ ‫ش‬١‫ثؾ‬ ْ‫ب‬٠‫اٌغش‬ ‫خ‬١ّ‫و‬ ‫ؽغت‬ ُّ‫ِظ‬ ‫اٌضغظ‬
‫ش‬١‫اِج‬ ٍٍِٟ ‫اي‬ ‫ٍخ‬٠ٛ‫ثزؾ‬ َٛ‫م‬٠ ٚ ٟٔٚ‫اٌىزش‬ ‫بص‬ٙ‫ع‬ ‫ك‬٠‫طش‬ ٓ‫ػ‬ ‫ٌذ‬ٛ‫اٌّز‬ ‫اٌضغظ‬ ‫فشق‬ ‫بط‬١‫ل‬ ُ‫ز‬٠

26
Flow Measurements
Remote Reading
Isolation Valves
Orifice Plate
Flow Element

27
Flow Measurements
2. VENTURI
The venturi also operates on the pressure differential principle where there is a flow restriction. It
gives a low pressure loss for the measurement of all kinds of fluids.
VENTURI
Remote Reading
Flow Element

28
Flow Measurements
Delta P Flow Transmitter.
1- 24 Vdc power
2- 4 – 20 mA
Remote Reading
3- Non linear Flow measurement
High Pressure Sample Line
Low Pressure Sample Line
ٟٔٚ‫اٌىزش‬ ‫عضء‬ ٚ ‫ٌذ‬ٛ‫ف‬ ‫ٌذ‬ٛ‫ز‬٠ ‫ب‬ٙ١ٍ‫ػ‬ ‫ضغظ‬ ‫فشق‬ ‫س‬ٚ‫ؽذ‬ ‫ػٕذ‬ ‫ِبدح‬ ‫ب‬ٍٙ‫ثذاخ‬ ‫بط‬١‫ل‬ ‫غشفخ‬ ِٓ ْٛ‫زى‬٠ ٚ ْ‫ب‬٠‫اٌغش‬ ‫ِؼذي‬ ‫ٌمشاءح‬ ‫بص‬ٙ‫اٌغ‬ ‫٘زا‬ ًّ‫غزؼ‬٠
ٚ ‫ظ‬٠‫اٌزذس‬ ٚ ‫اٌؾشاسح‬ ٚ ‫اٌضغظ‬ ‫ش‬١‫ؽ‬ ِٓ ً١‫ثبٌزشغ‬ ‫اٌخبطخ‬ ‫ثبٌّذخالد‬ ‫ثشِغزخ‬ ُ‫ز‬٠
......
ْ‫ب‬٠‫اٌغش‬ ‫ِؼذي‬ ‫ّخ‬١‫ل‬ ً‫مبث‬٠ ‫ش‬١‫اِج‬ ٍٍِٟ ‫ثأخشاط‬ ‫اٌىبسرخ‬ َٛ‫رم‬ ‫ب‬ٙ١ٍ‫ػ‬ ‫اٌّخضٔخ‬ ‫ِبد‬ٍٛ‫اٌّؼ‬ ٚ ‫ٌذ‬ٛ‫اٌف‬ ‫ثمشاءح‬ ‫اٌىبسرخ‬ َٛ‫رم‬ ‫خ‬١ٍ‫ػ‬ ٚ
,
‫اٌؼاللخ‬
‫غٕز‬
‫خطٕت‬
ْ‫ب‬٠‫اٌغش‬ ‫ِؼذي‬ ٚ ‫اٌضغظ‬ ‫فشق‬ ٓ١‫ث‬
.
F α K SQR ( Delta P )
Type : EMERSON

29
Flow Measurements
2.2- Magnetic Inductive Flow Meter .
1- 24 Vdc power
2- 4 – 20 mA
3- linear Flow measurement
‫خ‬١‫شث‬ٙ‫و‬ ‫خ‬١ٍ١‫ط‬ٛ‫ر‬ ‫ٌخ‬ ‫بٔخ‬٠‫عش‬ ‫ِؼذي‬ ‫بط‬١‫ل‬ ‫اٌّشاد‬ ً‫اٌغبئ‬ ْٛ‫ى‬٠ ْ‫ا‬ ٍٟ‫ػ‬ ‫بص‬ٙ‫اٌغ‬ ًّ‫ػ‬ ‫فىشح‬ ‫رؼزّذ‬
ٟ١‫لطج‬ ٓ١‫ث‬ ً‫اٌغبئ‬ ‫س‬ٚ‫ِش‬ ‫فؼٕذ‬ ‫ظ‬١‫ِغٕبط‬ ٟ١‫لطج‬ ٚ ٟ‫شث‬ٙ‫و‬ ‫ٍِف‬ ‫د‬ٛ‫ع‬ٚ ٍٟ‫ػ‬ ٚ ‫ٕخ‬١‫ِؼ‬
‫اٌٍّف‬ ‫اطشاف‬ ٓ١‫ث‬ ‫خ‬١‫شث‬ٙ‫و‬ ‫دافؼخ‬ ‫ح‬ٛ‫ل‬ ‫ٌذ‬ٛ‫رز‬ ٌٟ‫ثبٌزب‬ ٚ ٟٔ‫ِؼذ‬ ُ‫عغ‬ ‫د‬ٛ‫ع‬ٚ ٟ‫ؾبو‬٠ ‫ظ‬١‫اٌّغٕبط‬
.
‫ِؼذي‬ ٟ‫ؾبو‬٠ ‫ش‬١‫اِج‬ ٍٍِٟ ٌٟ‫ا‬ ‫ِجشِغخ‬ ‫خ‬١ٔٚ‫اٌىزش‬ ‫ائش‬ٚ‫د‬ ٟ‫ف‬ ‫ب‬ٍٙ٠ٛ‫رؾ‬ ٌٟ‫ثبٌزب‬ ٚ ‫ب‬ٙ‫بع‬١‫ل‬ ُ‫ز‬٠
ٚ ْ‫ب‬٠‫اٌغش‬
‫خطٕت‬ ‫انعالقت‬
.
Type : KROHNE

30
Flow Measurements
Remote Reading
2.3 - Vortex Flow Meter
Vortex Internal
Theory Of Operation
ِٓ ‫ع‬ٛٔ ‫ؾذس‬٠ ً‫ثبٌشى‬ ‫ضؼ‬ِٛ ٛ٘ ‫وّب‬ ‫بص‬ٙ‫اٌغ‬ ً‫داخ‬ ‫ػبئك‬ ‫ضغ‬ٚ ُ‫ز‬٠ ‫ش‬١‫ؽ‬ ‫خ‬١ِ‫ا‬ٚ‫اٌذ‬ ‫بساد‬١‫اٌز‬ ‫ك‬٠‫طش‬ ٓ‫ػ‬ ْ‫ب‬٠‫اٌغش‬ ‫ِؼذي‬ ‫بط‬١‫ل‬
ٟ‫ف‬ ‫ِشوت‬ ٍٟ‫داخ‬ ‫ؽغبط‬ ‫ك‬٠‫طش‬ ٓ‫ػ‬ ‫اِبد‬ٚ‫اٌذ‬ ٖ‫٘ز‬ ِٓ ‫إٌبشئخ‬ ‫ح‬ٛ‫اٌم‬ ‫بط‬١‫ل‬ ُ‫ز‬٠ ٚ ْ‫ب‬٠‫اٌغش‬ ‫ِؼذي‬ ‫ؽغت‬ ‫ب‬ٙ‫ز‬١ّ‫و‬ ‫رخزٍف‬ ‫اِبد‬ٚ‫اٌذ‬
ٚ ْ‫ب‬٠‫عش‬ ‫ِؼذي‬ ٌٟ‫ا‬ ‫ِشِغخ‬ ‫خ‬١ٔٚ‫اٌىزش‬ ‫دائشح‬ ٟ‫ف‬ ٕٗ‫ػ‬ ‫ش‬١‫اٌزؼج‬ ٚ ‫لشاءرخ‬ ٓ‫ّى‬٠ ‫ٌذ‬ٛ‫ف‬ ٌٟ‫ا‬ ‫ب‬ٍٙ٠ٛ‫ثزؾ‬ َٛ‫م‬٠ ‫بص‬ٙ‫اٌغ‬
‫خطٕت‬ ‫انعالقت‬
.

31
Level Measurements
Level Measurements
ُْ‫انمسخــــــــــــــــــــــــ‬ ‫قٕاص‬

32
Level Measurements
1- Local Reading ( PHONix Level Indicator )
Isolation Valve
Isolation Valve
Level Indicator
Isolation Valve
Isolation Valve
Level Indicator

33
Level Measurements
‫اِخ‬ٛ‫ػ‬ ‫د‬ٛ‫ع‬ٚ ٍٟ‫ػ‬ ًّ‫اٌؼ‬ ‫خ‬٠‫ٔظش‬ ‫رؼزّذ‬
(
‫ظ‬١‫ِغٕبط‬ ‫ب‬ٍٙ‫ثذاخ‬
)
ٓ١‫ِج‬ ‫د‬ٛ‫ع‬ٚ ٍٟ‫ػ‬ ٚ ٞٛ‫اٌّغز‬ ‫ش‬١١‫رغ‬ ‫ِغ‬ ً‫اعف‬ ٚ‫ا‬ ٍٟ‫اػ‬ ٌٟ‫ا‬ ‫رزؾىشن‬ ‫اٌغشفخ‬ ً‫ثذاخ‬
‫ث‬ ٚ ٗ١‫غ‬١‫اٌّغٕبط‬ ‫ح‬ٛ‫اٌم‬ ‫ش‬١‫ثزأص‬ ‫ب‬ٙ‫ضبػ‬ٚ‫ا‬ ‫ش‬١١‫ثزغ‬ ‫خ‬١ٔ‫اٌّؼذ‬ ‫ساق‬ٚ‫األ‬ َٛ‫رم‬ ‫ارغبح‬ ٞ‫ا‬ ٌٟ‫ا‬ ‫اِخ‬ٛ‫اٌؼ‬ ‫رؾشن‬ ‫فؼٕذ‬ ‫خ‬١ٔ‫اٌّؼذ‬ ‫ساق‬ٚ‫األ‬ ٚ ‫اٌضعبط‬ ِٓ
‫بٌز‬
ٓ١‫رج‬ ٌٟ‫ب‬
‫ة‬ٛ‫اٌّغ‬
.
‫خ‬١‫غ‬١‫اٌّغٕبط‬ ‫اِخ‬ٛ‫اٌؼ‬
‫خ‬١ٔ‫اٌّؼذ‬ ‫ساق‬ٚ‫األ‬

34
Level Measurements
Level transmitters used to measure the level inside Tank , Condenser , …
Method of level measurements
2.1- Displacer Level Transmitter
ρ1
ρ2
L = Displacer Length
V= Displacer Volume
W= Displacer Weight
Electronic
Torque Tube
chain
Displacer
ρ1= Fluid Density Above
ρ2= Fluid Density Blow
g = 9.8 N/m2
W0 = W - ρ1 * V
W100 = W 0- ρ2 * V
r = Displacer Radius
V = r 2
Eckardt Smart Level Transmitter
1- 24 V dc Power
2- 4 -20 mA
2- Remote Reading Level Transmitter
‫انعُامت‬
‫سهسهت‬
ُ‫اٌغغ‬ ْ‫ا‬ ٟ٘ ٚ ٛ‫ٌٍطف‬ ‫ذط‬١ّ‫اسش‬ ‫لبػذح‬ ٍٟ‫ػ‬ ًّ‫اٌؼ‬ ‫خ‬٠‫ٔظش‬ ‫رؼزّذ‬
‫اٌّضاػ‬ ً‫اٌغبئ‬ ْ‫ص‬ٚ ٞٚ‫رغب‬ ‫دفغ‬ ‫ح‬ٛ‫ل‬ ‫خ‬١ٍ‫ػ‬ ‫ٌذ‬ٛ‫رز‬ ً‫عبئ‬ ٟ‫ف‬ ‫س‬ّٛ‫اٌّغ‬
‫خ‬١‫األسض‬ ‫خ‬١‫اٌغبصث‬ ‫ػغٍخ‬ ٟ‫ف‬ ‫ة‬ٚ‫ِضش‬
ρ = m / v
‫اٌىضبفخ‬
=
ُ‫اٌؾغ‬
/
‫اٌىزٍخ‬

35
Level Measurements
2.2 - dp Level Transmitter
2.2.1 wet leg transmitter
Vapor
Fluid ρ2
dp Transmitter
Water Inside
ρ1 = 1000 kg/m3
hx
h
dp = ρ2*hx*9.8 - 1000*h*9.8
-
+
1- 24 V dc Power
2- 4 -20 mA
3- Negative Range
P

36
Level Measurements
2.2.2 Chemical Seal dp transmitter
--
h
+
hx
Vapor
Fluid ρ2
P
dp Transmitter
dp = ρ2*hx*9.8 - ρso*h*9.8

37
Level Measurements
2.3 - Guided Wave Radar Level Transmitter
High frequency microwave pulses are guided along a steel rod. When reaching the product surface, the
microwave pulses are reflected. The running time is evaluated by the instrument and outputted as distance.
Type : Vega
‫ثغطؼ‬ ٟ‫ٍزم‬٠ ٟ‫ؽز‬ ٞ‫ذ‬٠‫ؽذ‬ ‫د‬ّٛ‫ػ‬ ً‫داخ‬ ‫ِخ‬ٛ‫ِؾى‬ ْٛ‫رى‬ ‫خ‬١ٌ‫ػب‬ ُ١‫ثم‬ ‫اٌزشدداد‬ ِٓ ‫ػخ‬ّٛ‫ِغ‬ ‫ثأسعبي‬ ‫بص‬ٙ‫اٌغ‬ َٛ‫م‬٠
ٞٛ‫اٌّغز‬ ‫ؽغبة‬ ُ‫ز‬٠ ‫اعزمجبٌخ‬ ٌٟ‫ا‬ ‫اٌزشدد‬ ‫اسعبي‬ ‫لذ‬ٚ ِٓ ِٓ‫اٌض‬ ‫بط‬١‫ثم‬ ٚ ‫د‬ّٛ‫اٌؼ‬ ً‫داخ‬ ‫شرذ‬١‫ف‬ ً‫اٌغبئ‬
.

38
2.4- Servo Level Gauge
Level Measurements
‫بانُحذة‬ ‫األمُوٕا‬ ‫حىك‬ ّ‫ف‬ ُِ‫انمسخ‬ ‫قٕاص‬ ‫جٍاس‬
81
‫جٍاسانـ‬ ‫بإسم‬ ‫َٔعزف‬
ENRAF
:

‫إؽغبط‬ ٍٝ‫ػ‬ ‫بص‬ٙ‫اٌغ‬ ‫٘زا‬ ًّ‫ػ‬ ‫فىشح‬ ‫رؼزّذ‬
ٝ‫اٌز‬ٚ‫اِخ‬ٛ‫ٌٍؼ‬ ً‫اٌغبئ‬ ‫دفغ‬ ‫ح‬ٛ‫ل‬ ٝ‫ف‬ ‫ش‬١‫ثبٌزغ‬ ‫بص‬ٙ‫اٌغ‬
‫ؽذح‬ٛ‫ث‬ ٖ‫س‬ٚ‫ثذ‬ ً‫ِزظ‬ ٜٛ‫ل‬ٚ ْ‫ِش‬ ‫ثغٍه‬ ‫ِزظٍخ‬ ْٛ‫رى‬
‫اٌـ‬
Measurement Drum
ً‫ِزظ‬ َ‫اٌذس‬ ‫٘زا‬ ‫ػّذ‬ٚ
‫ح‬ٛ‫خط‬ ‫س‬ٛ‫ر‬ّٛ‫ث‬
Stepping Motor

39
Valves
Valves and Valve accessories

Valves Hookup
1- Global Valve
2- Butterfly Valve
3- Ball Valve
4- Gate Valve
Valves Types

Valves Hookup
Valves Failure Types
1- Failure Close
2- Failure Open
3- Failure Last Position

Valve Accessories
1- Positioner
Positioner is used to control valve stroke to certain
position given by set point ( 4 – 20 mA ) sent by DCS
Eckardt Positioner
Samson Positioner
Neles Positioner
Input Supply : 4.5 Bar
Input Signal : 4 - 20 mA
Output Signal : 0 - 4.5 Bar
Valves Hookup
The Positioner acts like controller which has input from
FEED BACK ARM and SETPOINT from DCS ( 4-20 mA )
And the OUTPUT ( 0 – 4.5 Bar )
‫خ‬٠‫رغز‬ ‫اء‬ٛ٘ ‫ك‬٠‫طش‬ ٓ‫ػ‬ ‫اٌجٍف‬ ‫فزؾخ‬ ٟ‫ف‬ ُ‫ثبٌزؾى‬ ‫بص‬ٙ‫اٌغ‬ َٛ‫م‬٠
4.5
ٍٍِٟ ‫اشبسح‬ ٚ ‫ثبس‬
‫اٌجٍف‬ ٌٟ‫ا‬ ‫اء‬ٛ٘ ‫خشط‬ ٚ ‫اٌجٍف‬ ‫ٌفزؾخ‬ ‫ة‬ٍٛ‫اٌّط‬ ‫ّخ‬١‫اٌم‬ ‫رؼزجش‬ ُ‫اٌزؾى‬ ‫غشفخ‬ ِٓ ‫ش‬١‫اِج‬
‫اٌجٍف‬ ‫ٌفزؼ‬
.
‫خ‬١‫اٌؼىغ‬ ‫خ‬٠‫اٌزغز‬ ‫صساع‬ ‫ك‬٠‫طش‬ ٓ‫ػ‬ ُ‫رز‬ ‫خ‬١‫اٌؼىغ‬ ‫خ‬٠‫اٌغز‬ ‫خ‬٠‫اٌزغز‬

43
Valve Actuator
Details Connection
Valves Hookup
‫اٌؾشوخ‬ ‫بط‬١‫ل‬ ‫صساع‬
‫خ‬١ٍ‫اٌفؼ‬

44
Valve Hookup And Connection
Actuator
Output Signal
Input Supply
FV - 302401
Valves Hookup

45
Positioner
4-20 mA ( Set point) from DCS
Feed Back Arm
Valve Stem
Actuator
Valves Hookup

46
Life Video Simulation for Valve Motion
This video shows a simulation for valve motion done in the Lab
Valves Hookup

47
2- Solenoid Valve
3/2 Solenoid Valve
5/2 Solenoid Valve
Solenoid valve is used to control valve in case of
emergency shutdown to let the valve in the safe position
Solenoid is pneumatic relay controlled by supply voltage
As shown in figure we have two types of solenoid valve
3/2 Solenoid Valve : Used to control valves with spring action actuator
5/2 Solenoid Valve : Used to control valves with double action actuator
P = Input Supply Air
Valves Hookup
A = Output Air to Actuator
R = Vent to Air
Supply Voltage 24 vdc or 220 Vac

48
Valves Hookup
Input Supply
Output Signal
Supply Voltage 24 Vdc
Solenoid Valve
Solenoid Valve Hook Up
Solenoid Valve Hookup

49
Valves Hookup
3- Booster ( Pneumatic Amplifier ) ٗ١‫ائ‬ٌٛٙ‫ا‬ ٖ‫األشبس‬ ‫ِىجش‬
Booster is used to increase the air quantity supplied to the
valve actuator with the same pressure
Booster
P1
Q1
Air Header
P = 4.5 Bar
Q Header Flow
P1
Q2
Input from positioner Output To Actuator
Q > Q2 > Q1
When we use Booster In control Valve ?
We use Booster when we control valve with Large
actuator to achieve optimum valve response

50
Valves Hookup
Booster Installed between positioner and actuator to increase positioner flow
Actuator
Booster Valtek Type
Positioner Output
Positioner Output
Air Supply
Type : Fisher

51
Valves Hookup
Type : Valtek
Type : SMC
Type : Eckardt
Type : Fisher

52
Valves Hookup
4- Quick Exhaust
Quick Exhaust is used to vent air from actuators with large size to achieve safe position
in certain specified time in most cases < 3 sec.
What is the difference between Solenoids and Quick exhaust ?
Solenoid Valve Quick Exhaust
Power Electric Power Pneumatic Power
Valve Actuator Not Big Size Big Size
Due to different in actuator size , in some cases where solenoid will vent actuator air in time > 3 sec
which is not safe in trip sequence we need to vent it in T < 3 sec to achieve safe trip sequence so we
use Pneumatic Quick Exhaust
When we use Quick exhaust In control Valve ?
We use Quick Exhaust when we want achieve safe position for a valve in T< certain time
which can not be achieved by solenoid valve.
Solenoid Valve is used to control quick exhaust to achieve safe position.

53
Valves Hookup
Input from
Positioner Or
Booster
Output From Quick
Exhaust To Valve
Pilot Signal From
Solenoid
Type : MAC

54
Valves Hookup
Quick
Exhaust
Positioner
Hookup with Positioner Quick Exhaust Solenoid Valve
Air Supply
4-20 mA
From DCS
Set point
Solenoid
Valve
24 Vdc
To Actuator
Vent
Pilot
Theory Of operation
The quick exhaust has three ports
Input
Output
Pilot
Vent
Output

55
Valves Hookup
Theory Of Operation
Pneumatic Solenoid with Pilot operation
As pilot input is pressurized with normal pressure the input will pass to output which is the actuator .
In case of Pilot input is not pressurized the accumulated air in actuator will be vented to air causing the
valve to fail.
Controlling the Pilot can be done through Solenoid , Direct from air Header, …
Quick Exhaust Theory Of Operation

56
Valves Hookup
Hookup with Positioner Quick Exhaust Solenoid Valve

57
Valves Hookup
5 – Lockup Relay
Lockup relay is used in case of Failure Last position Valve to keep air inside actuator
Lockup Relay
Type : Fisher
Type : SMC

58
Valves Hookup
Lockup
Relay
Positioner
Hookup with Positioner Lockup Solenoid Valve
Air Supply
4-20 mA
From DCS
Set point
Solenoid
Valve
24 Vdc
To Actuator
Vent
Pilot

59
Valves Hookup
Theory Of Operation
Pneumatic Solenoid with Pilot operation
As pilot input is pressurized with normal pressure the input will pass to output which is the actuator .
In case of Pilot input is not pressurized the accumulated air in actuator will be Locked in actuator
Controlling the Pilot can be done through Solenoid , Direct from air Header, …

60
Turbine Speed Controller (Woodward)
Turbine Control

61
Turbine Speed Controller (Woodward) .Axial Displacement . Radial Vibration
This speed controller is used to control turbine speed by
controlling steam inlet to turbine
ُ‫اٌزؾى‬ ‫ك‬٠‫طش‬ ٓ‫ػ‬ ‫رٌه‬ ٚ ٕٗ١‫اٌزشث‬ ٗ‫عشػ‬ ٟ‫ف‬ ٗ‫م‬٠‫طش‬ ٓ‫ػ‬ ُ‫اٌزؾى‬ ُ‫ز‬٠
‫اٌجخبس‬ ‫ثٍف‬ ‫ي‬ٛ‫دخ‬ ٗ‫فزؾ‬ ٟ‫ف‬
Woodward Speed Controller
Input : Speed from probes as frequency
‫رشدداد‬ ٖ‫س‬ٛ‫ط‬ ٟ‫ف‬ ٗ‫اٌغشػ‬ ‫بط‬١‫ٌم‬ ‫ؽغبعبد‬ ِٓ ٟ‫أر‬٠ ُ‫ٌٍّزؾى‬ ً‫اٌذخ‬
Output : mA ( 4 – 20 mA) to CPC Current Pressure Converter
ٟ‫شث‬ٙ‫و‬ ‫بس‬١‫ر‬ ٓ‫ػ‬ ٖ‫ػجبس‬ ‫ط‬ٚ‫اٌخش‬
4
–
20
‫ش‬١‫اِج‬ ٍٍِٟ
Power : 24 Vdc
ٗ٠‫اٌزغز‬
220
‫ش‬١‫ِزغ‬ ‫ٌذ‬ٛ‫ف‬

62
‫بخار‬
HP Valve
Speed
Controller
Woodward Speed Controller
MV
CPC
4-20 mA ‫انذخُل‬
‫انخزَج‬
‫انخحكم‬ ‫سٔج‬
Control oil 9 bar
Current Pressure Converter
‫ضغط‬ ٓ‫ان‬ ٓ‫انكٍزب‬ ‫انخٕار‬ ‫محُل‬
2 – 4 Bar
‫انبخار‬ ‫دخُل‬ ٓ‫ف‬ ‫انخحكم‬ ‫بهف‬
‫انفخح‬ ‫احجاي‬
Condensate
‫مخكاثف‬ ‫ماء‬
Speed Sensors
ً‫انسزع‬ ‫قٕاص‬ ‫حساساث‬
Turbine
DCS
Set point
24 Vdc
24 Vdc

63
1- Speed Probes , axial displacement , radial vibration
‫األٌخشاساث‬ َ ‫انمسافت‬ َ ً‫انسزع‬ ‫قٕاص‬ ٓ‫ف‬ ‫حسخعمم‬ ‫انحساساث‬ ‫ٌذي‬
‫انعمم‬ ‫فكزي‬
‫رئٕسٕت‬ ‫عىاصز‬ ‫ثالد‬ ‫مه‬ ‫األٌخشاساث‬ َ ً‫انمساف‬ َ ً‫انسزع‬ ‫قٕاص‬ ‫دائزي‬ ‫حخكُن‬
1- Proximitor
2- Extension Cable
3- Probe
Extension Cable
Proximitor
Probe

64
The picture show complete connection for Probe , Extension Cable , Proximitor
‫ثــــ‬ ٗ‫ز‬٠‫رغز‬ ُ‫ز‬٠
-
24
‫ذ‬١ٌٛ‫ثز‬ َٛ‫م‬٠ ٞ‫اٌز‬ ‫ِغزّش‬ ‫ٌذ‬ٛ‫ف‬ Proximitor ‫اٌـــــ‬
RF Signal
‫ؽغت‬ ‫ش‬١‫ؽ‬ ‫اٌضبغظ‬ ٚ‫ا‬ ٕٗ١‫اٌزشث‬ ‫د‬ّٛ‫ػ‬ ٌٟ‫ا‬ ‫ب‬ٙ‫ثجض‬ َٛ‫م‬٠ ٚ ‫اٌؾغبعبد‬ ‫اي‬ ‫خالي‬ ‫ش‬١‫رغ‬
ُ‫ز‬٠ ‫ش‬١‫ؽ‬ Proximitor ٌٟ‫ا‬ ‫شرذ‬٠ ‫األخش‬ ‫اٌغضء‬ ٚ ‫عضء‬ ‫اِزظبص‬ ُ‫ز‬٠ ‫اٌؾغبط‬ ٓ‫ػ‬ ٖ‫ثؼذ‬
‫اٌىبسربد‬ ‫ؽغت‬ ٗ‫اٌغشػ‬ ٚ‫ا‬ ‫األ٘زضاصاد‬ ٚ‫ا‬ ٗ‫اٌّغبف‬ ٓ‫ػ‬ ‫ؼجش‬٠ ‫ٌذ‬ٛ‫ف‬ ٌٟ‫ا‬ ‫اٌغضء‬ ‫٘زا‬ ً٠ٛ‫رؾ‬
ٟ‫ف‬ ٖ‫د‬ٛ‫ع‬ٌّٛ‫ا‬
Bently Nevada

65
Axial Displacement Probes
Radial Vibration Probes
Speed Probes
Over Speed Probes

66
2- CPC (Current Pressure Converter ) ‫ذ‬٠‫اٌض‬ ‫ضغظ‬ ٌٟ‫ا‬ ‫بس‬١‫اٌز‬ ‫ي‬ٛ‫ِؾ‬
CPC
Current Pressure Converter
‫ضغط‬ ٓ‫ان‬ ٓ‫انكٍزب‬ ‫انخٕار‬ ‫محُل‬
Output 2 – 4 Bar
Control Oil 9 Bar
4-20 mA
From Woodward
24 Vdc
Drain
To Actuator HP valve
‫انبخار‬ ‫بهف‬ ٓ‫ان‬
CPC
CPC
Hydraulic Servo Motor
HP Valve
‫اٌـــ‬ َ‫ِمب‬ َٛ‫م‬٠
‫اٌجٍف‬ ‫فزؾخ‬ ٟ‫ف‬ ُ‫ثبٌزؾى‬ َٛ‫م‬٠ ‫ش‬١‫ؽ‬ Positioner
. ‫ذ‬٠‫اٌض‬ ‫ضغظ‬ ‫ك‬٠‫طش‬ ٓ‫ػ‬
Hydraulic Servo Motor

67
END

ISEED INSTRUMENTATION TRAINING COURSE.pdf

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