'Psiquiatría: situación actual y perspectivas de futuro'. Este es el título del simposio internacional que organizamos el 20 de junio de 2016 en la Fundación Ramón Areces con las fundaciones Juan José López-Ibor y Lilly en homenaje al doctor Juan José López-Ibor, fallecido en enero de 2015. Durante esta jornada, expertos internacionales abordaron la profunda crisis que atraviesa la psiquiatría como disciplina científica y especialidad médica. Además, se presentó el libro con el mismo título del simposio, también en recuerdo del doctor López-Ibor.

1. PRESENT AND FUTURE OF LÓPEZ-PRESENT AND FUTURE OF LÓPEZ-
IBOR’S CONCEPT OF TYMOPATHYIBOR’S CONCEPT OF TYMOPATHY
Otto DörrOtto Dörr
Universidad de ChileUniversidad de Chile
Center of Studies onCenter of Studies on
Phenomenology and Psychiatry,Phenomenology and Psychiatry,
Diego Portales UniversityDiego Portales University
Santiago de ChileSantiago de Chile

2. I. THE PROBLEM OF DIAGNOSIS ANDI. THE PROBLEM OF DIAGNOSIS AND
CLASSIFICATION OF MOODCLASSIFICATION OF MOOD
DISORDERS IN PSYCHIATRYDISORDERS IN PSYCHIATRY

3. THE CRISIS OF CATEGORICALTHE CRISIS OF CATEGORICAL
DIAGNOSTIC SYSTEMS IDIAGNOSTIC SYSTEMS I
- In the last four decades schizophrenias and- In the last four decades schizophrenias and
affective disorders have been deprived of theaffective disorders have been deprived of the
quality of “endogenous” as their possible origin.quality of “endogenous” as their possible origin.
- Aiming at objectivity, modern psychiatry has- Aiming at objectivity, modern psychiatry has
attempted to use categorical criteria forattempted to use categorical criteria for
diagnosing psychopathological conditions.diagnosing psychopathological conditions.
- The categorical diagnosis pretends to affirm or to- The categorical diagnosis pretends to affirm or to
deny the existence of a psychiatric disease (nowdeny the existence of a psychiatric disease (now
called “disorder”) on the basis of establishing acalled “disorder”) on the basis of establishing a
determined number of symptoms.determined number of symptoms.

4. THE CRISIS OF CATEGORICALTHE CRISIS OF CATEGORICAL
DIAGNOSTIC SYSTEMSDIAGNOSTIC SYSTEMS IIII
To reach this “objectivity” modern psychiatryTo reach this “objectivity” modern psychiatry hashas
left unaccounted for both the subjectivity of theleft unaccounted for both the subjectivity of the
patient and the subjectivity of the psychiatristpatient and the subjectivity of the psychiatrist..
In fact, however, the capacity to recognize differentIn fact, however, the capacity to recognize different
mental disorders arises “not through masteringmental disorders arises “not through mastering
conceptual definitions, but rather through directlyconceptual definitions, but rather through directly
encountering individual patients who manifestencountering individual patients who manifest
these disorders. Through such direct encountersthese disorders. Through such direct encounters
we learn the typical forms of the various mentalwe learn the typical forms of the various mental
disorders.” (M. Schwartz and O. Wiggins, 1987).disorders.” (M. Schwartz and O. Wiggins, 1987).

5. THE CRISIS OF CATEGORICALTHE CRISIS OF CATEGORICAL
DIAGNOSTIC SYSTEMS IIIDIAGNOSTIC SYSTEMS III
But categorical diagnostic systems show alsoBut categorical diagnostic systems show also
contradictions in themselves. Here thecontradictions in themselves. Here the
summarized arguments of James Cole et al.summarized arguments of James Cole et al.
(2008):(2008):
1.1. The individuals who do not precisely fulfillThe individuals who do not precisely fulfill
criteria are often placed in a “not otherwisecriteria are often placed in a “not otherwise
specified category” andspecified category” and in some instances,in some instances,
“atypical” categories can contain more“atypical” categories can contain more
individuals than typical categoriesindividuals than typical categories..
2.2. Conversely, some definitions are so broad thatConversely, some definitions are so broad that
they tend to be “unstable”, showingthey tend to be “unstable”, showing
disappointing retest reliability.disappointing retest reliability.

6. THE CRISIS OF CATEGORICALTHE CRISIS OF CATEGORICAL
DIAGNOSTIC SYSTEMS IVDIAGNOSTIC SYSTEMS IV
3.3. Operational definitions necessarily focus onOperational definitions necessarily focus on
more positive, concrete phenomena, inevitablemore positive, concrete phenomena, inevitable
leaving some pathological (subjective)leaving some pathological (subjective)
experiences unaccounted for.experiences unaccounted for.
4.4. The authors of DSMs aim to be atheoretical,The authors of DSMs aim to be atheoretical,
deliberately attempting to avoid including causaldeliberately attempting to avoid including causal
mechanisms. In contrast, in general medicinemechanisms. In contrast, in general medicine
classificationclassification is organized around systemsis organized around systems
(respiratory, renal, etc.)(respiratory, renal, etc.) and aetiologiesand aetiologies
(vascular, infectious, neoplasic, etc.).(vascular, infectious, neoplasic, etc.).

7. SOME EXAMPLES THAT CONTRADICT THESOME EXAMPLES THAT CONTRADICT THE
VALIDITY OF THE CATEGORIES USED INVALIDITY OF THE CATEGORIES USED IN
MODERN PSYCHIATRY IMODERN PSYCHIATRY I
1.1. Moffitt et al. (2007) in a longitudinal studyMoffitt et al. (2007) in a longitudinal study
reported that 72% of individuals with areported that 72% of individuals with a
generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) weregeneralized anxiety disorder (GAD) were
diagnosed with co-morbid depression and 48%diagnosed with co-morbid depression and 48%
of individuals with depression had also aof individuals with depression had also a
generalized anxiety disorder.generalized anxiety disorder.
The authors claim that there is sufficientThe authors claim that there is sufficient
evidence to use the umbrella term of “distressevidence to use the umbrella term of “distress
disorders”disorders” to cover both syndromes ofto cover both syndromes of
depression and anxietydepression and anxiety..

8. SOME EXAMPLES THAT CONTRADICT THESOME EXAMPLES THAT CONTRADICT THE
VALIDITY OF THE CATEGORIES USED INVALIDITY OF THE CATEGORIES USED IN
MODERN PSYCHIATRY IIMODERN PSYCHIATRY II
2.2. In a 40-year follow-up study of GAD, López-IborIn a 40-year follow-up study of GAD, López-Ibor
Jr. et al. (2007) demonstrated that this syndromeJr. et al. (2007) demonstrated that this syndrome
has a very high comorbidity with otherhas a very high comorbidity with other
psychiatric disorders (80%), specially withpsychiatric disorders (80%), specially with
somatoform disorders (72%).somatoform disorders (72%).
They also made the interesting finding thatThey also made the interesting finding that
anxiety, depressive and somatoform syndromesanxiety, depressive and somatoform syndromes
highly overlap and alsohighly overlap and also replace one another inreplace one another in
the same patient through the yearsthe same patient through the years: anxiety: anxiety
syndromes in youth, depressive in middle agesyndromes in youth, depressive in middle age
and somatoform conditions in old age.and somatoform conditions in old age.

9. DIAGNOSIS AND IDEAL TYPES IDIAGNOSIS AND IDEAL TYPES I
Instead of such “objective” diagnostic categoriesInstead of such “objective” diagnostic categories
with their mentioned insufficiencies, we propose,with their mentioned insufficiencies, we propose,
following Max Weber (1917), Karl Jaspersfollowing Max Weber (1917), Karl Jaspers
(1946) and Michael Schwartz (1987), to use(1946) and Michael Schwartz (1987), to use
“ideal types” for diagnosing in psychiatry.“ideal types” for diagnosing in psychiatry.
““An ideal type is formed by the one-sidedAn ideal type is formed by the one-sided
accentuation of more points of view and by theaccentuation of more points of view and by the
synthesis of a great many diffuse, discrete, moresynthesis of a great many diffuse, discrete, more
or less present, and occasionally absentor less present, and occasionally absent
concrete individual phenomena…” (M. Weber).concrete individual phenomena…” (M. Weber).

10. DIAGNOSIS AND IDEAL TYPES IIDIAGNOSIS AND IDEAL TYPES II
““As scientific concept, ideal types are idealized descriptionsAs scientific concept, ideal types are idealized descriptions
of those aspects of concrete reality that interest us…of those aspects of concrete reality that interest us…
The type depicts the perfect case: the case in which theThe type depicts the perfect case: the case in which the
most characteristic features are fully present…” (M.most characteristic features are fully present…” (M.
Schwartz, 1987).Schwartz, 1987).
Schizophrenia, paranoia, manic-depressive illness,Schizophrenia, paranoia, manic-depressive illness,
melancholic depression, etc. are ideal and not real typesmelancholic depression, etc. are ideal and not real types..
Each individual case approaches or withdraws theEach individual case approaches or withdraws the
respective ideal type, never presenting all itsrespective ideal type, never presenting all its
characteristic featurescharacteristic features..
““The clinician is then able to recognize the many imperfectThe clinician is then able to recognize the many imperfect
cases by their resemblance or approximation to thecases by their resemblance or approximation to the
perfect case described by the ideal type” (Schwartz,perfect case described by the ideal type” (Schwartz,
1987).1987).

11. DIAGNOSIS AND IDEAL TYPES IIIDIAGNOSIS AND IDEAL TYPES III
In psychiatry, as well as in other fields ofIn psychiatry, as well as in other fields of
reality, ideal types tend to orderreality, ideal types tend to order
themselves in more general categories,themselves in more general categories,
which in turn are mostly presented inwhich in turn are mostly presented in
polarities, e. g., schizophrenias andpolarities, e. g., schizophrenias and
affective/anxiety disorders.affective/anxiety disorders.
Our purpose is to define more preciselyOur purpose is to define more precisely
these last mentioned categories.these last mentioned categories.

12. LOGOPATHIES AND TYMOPATHIESLOGOPATHIES AND TYMOPATHIES
Then, non organic psychiatric disorders, previouslyThen, non organic psychiatric disorders, previously
labelled as “endogenous”, can be seen as alabelled as “endogenous”, can be seen as a
polarity between two general categories:polarity between two general categories:
logopathies and tymopathieslogopathies and tymopathies. The first category. The first category
contains all the forms of schizophrenia,contains all the forms of schizophrenia,
paraphrenias, paranoias and other psychoses.paraphrenias, paranoias and other psychoses.
The second, all the forms of affective, anxietyThe second, all the forms of affective, anxiety
and somatoform disorders.and somatoform disorders.

13. THE FUNDAMENTS OF THE CONCEPTTHE FUNDAMENTS OF THE CONCEPT
OF LOGOPATHYOF LOGOPATHY
1.1. Thought and/or languageThought and/or language alteration as nucleusalteration as nucleus
of schizophrenic suffering.of schizophrenic suffering.
2.2. Schizophrenia as aSchizophrenia as a constitutive elementconstitutive element ofof
human being.human being.
3. Schizophrenia as a3. Schizophrenia as a perturbation ofperturbation of thethe
existential feature ofexistential feature of VerstehenVerstehen ((understandingunderstanding),),
in the framework of the description of humanin the framework of the description of human
being (being (Dasein)Dasein) made by Heidegger in hismade by Heidegger in his
transcendental work, “Being and Time” (1927).transcendental work, “Being and Time” (1927).

14. II. ANXIOUS AND DEPRESSIVEII. ANXIOUS AND DEPRESSIVE
SYNDROMS AS TYMOPATHIESSYNDROMS AS TYMOPATHIES

15. THE SEARCH OF BASIC SYMPTOMS INTHE SEARCH OF BASIC SYMPTOMS IN
DEPRESSIONDEPRESSION
KraepelinKraepelin postulated that the three core phenomena ofpostulated that the three core phenomena of
depression are:depression are:
1.1. Anxious dysthymiaAnxious dysthymia
2.2. Difficulty to thinkDifficulty to think
3.3. Inhibition of willInhibition of will
BleulerBleuler proposed that the “cardinal” symptoms ofproposed that the “cardinal” symptoms of
depression are:depression are:
1.1. Depressive dysthymiaDepressive dysthymia
2.2. Inhibition of the train of thoughtInhibition of the train of thought
3.3. Inhibition of the “centrifugal functions” (to pay attention,Inhibition of the “centrifugal functions” (to pay attention,
to concentrate, to make decisions)to concentrate, to make decisions)

16. THE SEARCH OF BASIC SYMPTOMS INTHE SEARCH OF BASIC SYMPTOMS IN
DEPRESSION IIDEPRESSION II
PfeifferPfeiffer (1969) found in an extensive(1969) found in an extensive
transcultural study that the only commontranscultural study that the only common
symptoms in depressive patients ofsymptoms in depressive patients of
Indonesia and of Germany were:Indonesia and of Germany were:
1.1. AA compromise of moodcompromise of mood “toward the“toward the
depressive pole and difficult to define”.depressive pole and difficult to define”.
2.2. The presence ofThe presence of abnormal sensations ofabnormal sensations of
the bodythe body..
3.3. Alteration ofAlteration of biological rhythmsbiological rhythms..

17. THE SEARCH OF BASIC SYMPTOMS INTHE SEARCH OF BASIC SYMPTOMS IN
DEPRESSION IIIDEPRESSION III
Doerr-ZegersDoerr-Zegers (1971, 1979, 1980, 1983), on the basis of(1971, 1979, 1980, 1983), on the basis of
empirical and phenomenological studies, described theempirical and phenomenological studies, described the
“nuclear depressive syndrome”, characterized also by“nuclear depressive syndrome”, characterized also by
three phenomena:three phenomena:
1.1. Alteration of the relationship body-SelfAlteration of the relationship body-Self (in German,(in German,
BefindlichkeitsstörungBefindlichkeitsstörung): energy loss, body heaviness,): energy loss, body heaviness,
anxiety, cold, nausea, pains, etc.anxiety, cold, nausea, pains, etc.
2.2. Alteration of the relationship body-worldAlteration of the relationship body-world (inhibition and(inhibition and
derivates, Binswanger’s “not-being-able-to”).derivates, Binswanger’s “not-being-able-to”).
3.3. Alteration of the relationship body-timeAlteration of the relationship body-time (disturbance,(disturbance,
inversion or suspension ofinversion or suspension of biologicalbiological rhythms)rhythms)..

18. THE SEARCH OF BASIC SYMPTOMS INTHE SEARCH OF BASIC SYMPTOMS IN
DEPRESSION IVDEPRESSION IV
BernerBerner (1982, 1983, 1992) described an(1982, 1983, 1992) described an
“endomorph-axial-cyclothymic syndrome”, valid“endomorph-axial-cyclothymic syndrome”, valid
for all mood disorders and characterized by:for all mood disorders and characterized by:
1. The1. The alterationalteration of the lived bodyof the lived body ((Befindlichkeit).Befindlichkeit).
2. Alteration of the2. Alteration of the biological rhythmsbiological rhythms..
Note:Note: Wide coincidence with Doerr’s results. TheWide coincidence with Doerr’s results. The
only difference is that Berner does notonly difference is that Berner does not
distinguish between the change of the bodydistinguish between the change of the body
experience and the inhibition of “centrifugalexperience and the inhibition of “centrifugal
functions” in the sense of Bleuler.functions” in the sense of Bleuler.

19. CATAMNESIS OF 510 CASES OF ANXIOUS ANDCATAMNESIS OF 510 CASES OF ANXIOUS AND
DEPRESSIVE SYNDROMES DIAGNOSED BY J.DEPRESSIVE SYNDROMES DIAGNOSED BY J.
J. LÓPEZ-IBOR SR. AS “TYMOPATHIES”J. LÓPEZ-IBOR SR. AS “TYMOPATHIES”
Index episode: occurred between 1950 and 1961Index episode: occurred between 1950 and 1961
First re-evaluationFirst re-evaluation (between 1984 and 1988)(between 1984 and 1988)
Found: 370Found: 370
Patients who rejected the interview: 119Patients who rejected the interview: 119
Physical impairment: 42Physical impairment: 42
Studied sample:Studied sample: 209209
Second re-evaluationSecond re-evaluation (between 1997 and 2000)(between 1997 and 2000)
Found: 202Found: 202
Excluded: 18Excluded: 18
Studied sample:Studied sample: 184184

20. CATAMNESIS OF 510 CASES OF ANXIOUS ANDCATAMNESIS OF 510 CASES OF ANXIOUS AND
DEPRESSIVE SYNDROMES DIAGNOSED BY J.DEPRESSIVE SYNDROMES DIAGNOSED BY J.
J. LÓPEZ-IBOR SR. AS “TYMOPATHIES” IIJ. LÓPEZ-IBOR SR. AS “TYMOPATHIES” II
Different questionnaires were applied withDifferent questionnaires were applied with
the aim of making a diagnosis accordingthe aim of making a diagnosis according
to DSM IV TR (to DSM IV TR (SCID, EPQ, FH-RDC).SCID, EPQ, FH-RDC).
The followingThe following diagnoses werediagnoses were mademade::
1.1. Separation anxiety (33.6%)Separation anxiety (33.6%)
2.2. Social phobia (12.0%)Social phobia (12.0%)
3.3. Panic disorder (85.6%)Panic disorder (85.6%)

21. CATAMNESIS OF 510 CASES OF ANXIOUS ANDCATAMNESIS OF 510 CASES OF ANXIOUS AND
DEPRESSIVE SYNDROMES DIAGNOSED BY J.DEPRESSIVE SYNDROMES DIAGNOSED BY J.
J. LÓPEZ-IBOR SR. AS “TYMOPATHIES” IIIJ. LÓPEZ-IBOR SR. AS “TYMOPATHIES” III
4.4. Panic disorder with agoraphobia (52.8%)Panic disorder with agoraphobia (52.8%)
5. Generalized anxiety disorder (60.0%)5. Generalized anxiety disorder (60.0%)
6. Hypochondriasis (37.6%)6. Hypochondriasis (37.6%)
7. Somatoform disorder (34.4%)7. Somatoform disorder (34.4%)
8. Undifferenciated somatoform disorder (58.4%)8. Undifferenciated somatoform disorder (58.4%)
9. Agoraphobia without crises (41.6%)9. Agoraphobia without crises (41.6%)
10. Dysthymia (7.2%)10. Dysthymia (7.2%)

22. Evolution of patients with “anxiousEvolution of patients with “anxious
tymopathy”tymopathy” (López-Ibor Jr., 2008)(López-Ibor Jr., 2008)
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
<20 21-25 26-30 31-35 36-40 41-45 46-50 51-55 56-60 61-65 66-70 71-75 76-80
Episodios/exarcervaciones
TAG Tr. de pánico (sin y con agorafobia)
Agorafobia sin pánico Tr. Afectivo
Tr. Somatomorfo

23. III. TYMOPATHIES AS CONSTITUTIVE OFIII. TYMOPATHIES AS CONSTITUTIVE OF
HUMAN CONDITIONHUMAN CONDITION

24. PREVALENCE OF MENTAL DISORDERS INPREVALENCE OF MENTAL DISORDERS IN
WRITERS AND CONTROLSWRITERS AND CONTROLS (N. C. Andreasen,(N. C. Andreasen,
1992)1992)
WritersWriters ControlsControls
Any affective disorderAny affective disorder 80%80% 30%30%
Any bipolar disorderAny bipolar disorder 43%43% 10%10%
Bipolar IBipolar I 13%13% 0%0%
Bipolar IIBipolar II 30%30% 10%10%
Major DepressionMajor Depression 37%37% 17%17%
SchizophreniaSchizophrenia 0%0% 0%0%
AlcoholismAlcoholism 30%30% 7%7%
Drugs abuseDrugs abuse 7%7% 7%7%
SuicideSuicide 7%7% 0%0%

25. GENIUSES WHO HAVE SUFFERED UNDER A MOODGENIUSES WHO HAVE SUFFERED UNDER A MOOD
DISORDER: ENGLISH POETS FROM THE 18DISORDER: ENGLISH POETS FROM THE 18thth
AND 19AND 19thth
CENTURIES (Jamison, 1993) ICENTURIES (Jamison, 1993) I
Recurrent depression:Recurrent depression:
Samuel Johnson
Thomas Gray
William Wordworth
Robert Burns
Sir Walter Scott
Thomas Love
Thomas Moore
Lord Tenysson

26. GENIUSES WHO HAVE SUFFERED UNDER A MOODGENIUSES WHO HAVE SUFFERED UNDER A MOOD
DISORDER: ENGLISH POETS FROM THE 18th ANDDISORDER: ENGLISH POETS FROM THE 18th AND
19th CENTURIES (Jamison, 1993) II19th CENTURIES (Jamison, 1993) II
Bipolar disorder:
William Collins William Blake
Christopher Smart Leigh Hunt
Joseph Warton Percy Shelley
Oliver Goldsmith Lord Byron
James Macpherson John Keats
Robert Fergusson Samuel Coleridge
Thomas Chatterton Thomas Lovell

27. IV. TYMOPATHIES AS DISTURBANCES
OF STATE-OF-MIND
(“BEFINDLICHKEIT”)

28. THE CONDITION OF BEING THROWNTHE CONDITION OF BEING THROWN
((THROWNNESS ,THROWNNESS , GEWORFENHEIT)GEWORFENHEIT) II
What is most proper of thrownness?
It is everything thatIt is everything that DaseinDasein has not chosen:has not chosen:
he has not chosen to be born, norhe has not chosen to be born, nor
growing, nor maturing, nor beinggrowing, nor maturing, nor being
dominated by a given mood, nor feelingdominated by a given mood, nor feeling
emotions, neither, finally, to die.emotions, neither, finally, to die.
““Nature cannot choose its origin”Nature cannot choose its origin” (Hamlet I,(Hamlet I,
4).4).

29. THE CONDITION OF BEING THROWNTHE CONDITION OF BEING THROWN
(THROWNNESS, GEWORFENHEIT)(THROWNNESS, GEWORFENHEIT) IIII
The condition of thrownness refers to an aspect ofThe condition of thrownness refers to an aspect of
DaseinDasein characterized by no availability andcharacterized by no availability and
involuntariness.involuntariness. DaseinDasein is never “behind” itsis never “behind” its
condition of being thrown. But this is not acondition of being thrown. But this is not a
determination without world.determination without world. DaseinDasein is sinceis since
ever “referred to a world and it exists factuallyever “referred to a world and it exists factually
with us”. As well aswith us”. As well as DaseinDasein is “delivered to theis “delivered to the
responsibility of its death”, it is also delivered “toresponsibility of its death”, it is also delivered “to
the responsibility” of the world about which it isthe responsibility” of the world about which it is
preoccupied.preoccupied.

30. THROWNNES (THROWNNES (GEWORFENHEIT)GEWORFENHEIT) ANDAND
STATE-OF-MINDSTATE-OF-MIND ((BEFINDLICHKEITBEFINDLICHKEIT)) II
““Ontologically, we thus obtain as theOntologically, we thus obtain as the firstfirst
essential characteristic of states-of-mindessential characteristic of states-of-mind
thatthat they disclose Dasein in its thrownnessthey disclose Dasein in its thrownness
and – proximally and for the most part – inand – proximally and for the most part – in
the manner of an evasive turning away”the manner of an evasive turning away”
(Paragraph 29).(Paragraph 29).

31. THROWNNES (THROWNNES (GEWORFENHEIT)GEWORFENHEIT) ANDAND
STATE-OF-MINDSTATE-OF-MIND ((BEFINDLICHKEITBEFINDLICHKEIT)) IIII
Heidegger:Heidegger:
- “- “Being-anxious discloses primordially andBeing-anxious discloses primordially and
directly, the world as world”.directly, the world as world”.
- “Anxiety makes manifest in- “Anxiety makes manifest in DaseinDasein itsits
BBeing towardseing towards its ownmost potentiality-for-its ownmost potentiality-for-
Being, that is, its Being free for theBeing, that is, its Being free for the
freedom of choosing itself and taking holdfreedom of choosing itself and taking hold
of itself”.of itself”.

32. RAINER MARIA RILKE: Dedication to HelmuthRAINER MARIA RILKE: Dedication to Helmuth
Freiherr Lucius von Stoedten (1922)Freiherr Lucius von Stoedten (1922)
““As nature abandons the beingsAs nature abandons the beings
to the risk of their dark desire andto the risk of their dark desire and
does not protect anyone in special neither in thedoes not protect anyone in special neither in the
ground nor on the branches,ground nor on the branches,
thus, neither are we more lovedthus, neither are we more loved
by the fundament of our being. It risks us...”by the fundament of our being. It risks us...”
““What definitely shelters usWhat definitely shelters us
Is our being helpless...”Is our being helpless...”

33. ANXIETY AS A FORM OF STATE-OF-ANXIETY AS A FORM OF STATE-OF-
MINDMIND ((BEFINDLICHKEITBEFINDLICHKEIT) I) I
In bad moods (In bad moods (VerstimmungVerstimmung) “…) “… DaseinDasein becomesbecomes
blind to itself, the environment with which it isblind to itself, the environment with which it is
concerned veils itself, the circumspection ofconcerned veils itself, the circumspection of
concern gets led astray. States-of-mind are soconcern gets led astray. States-of-mind are so
far from being reflected upon, that precisely whatfar from being reflected upon, that precisely what
they do is to assail Dasein in its unreflectingthey do is to assail Dasein in its unreflecting
devotion to the ‘world’ with which it is concerneddevotion to the ‘world’ with which it is concerned
and on which it expends itself. A mood assailsand on which it expends itself. A mood assails
us.” (Paragraph 29).us.” (Paragraph 29).

34. ANXIETY AS A FORM OF STATE-OF-ANXIETY AS A FORM OF STATE-OF-
MINDMIND ((BEFINDLICHKEITBEFINDLICHKEIT) II) II
““But in anxiety there lies the possibility of aBut in anxiety there lies the possibility of a
disclosure, which is quite distinctive; fordisclosure, which is quite distinctive; for
anxiety individualizes”.anxiety individualizes”.