Intumescent paint should be applied with a commercial grade airless paint sprayer to achieve the smoothest finish and maximum material per coat. It can be applied over bare or primed surfaces only unless approved by building officials, and any existing paint must be clean without cracking, peeling or flaking. At least 24 hours of curing time is recommended between coats, and 48 to 72 hours is better to allow moisture to escape. Intumescent paint should not be diluted with water as it can change the fire retardant formula.