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Schizophrenia Disease
- 1. Fatimah Ashworth29th April, 2017 Symptoms, Risks and Treatment Schizophrenia Disease
- 2. Treatment Advice References Definition Symptoms Positive Negative Cognitive Risks Genes and environment Different brain chemistry and structure Overview
- 3. Schizophrenia is a chronic and severe mental disorder that affects how a person thinks, feels and behaves. Schizophrenic patients have a distorted perception of reality. Definition
- 4. Symptoms
- 5. Positive Negative Cognitive Symptoms of Schizophrenia
- 6. Hallucinations: an experience in which the person sees, hears or feels something that does not exist. Delusions: A belief in something that is not true. Disorganised speech: Loose associations, shifting from one topic to another, made up words or phrases. Disorganised behaviour: A decline in overall daily functioning. Positive Symptoms:
- 7. Flattening: Reduced expressions of emotions Avolition: The decrease in motivation and initiative to perform self directed and purposeful activities Anhedonia: Inability to feel pleasure Alogia Reduction in amount of speech Asociality: A lack of motivation to engage in social interaction. Negative Symptoms
- 8. Poor executive functioning: The ability to understand information and use it to make decisions. Trouble focusing or paying attention Problems with working memory: The ability to use information directly after learning it. Cognitive Symptoms
- 9. Risks
- 10. Scientists believe that a combination of many different genes may increase the risk of schizophrenia, but no single gene is responsible for its development. Interactions between a persons genes and his/her environment may lead to schizophrenia. Environmental factors include: Exposure to viruses Malnutrition before birth Problems during birth Psychosocial factors Genes and Environment
- 11. Scientists think that an imbalance in the complex, interrelated chemical reactions of the brain involving the neurotransmitters (substances that brain cells use to communicate with each other) dopamine and glutamate, and possibly others, plays a role in schizophrenia. Different Brain Chemistry and Structure
- 12. As the causes of schizophrenia are still unknown, doctors focus on eliminating the symptoms of the disease. Treatment includes: Antipsychotics Psychosocial treatments Coordinated specialty care Treatment
- 13. Caring for a loved one with schizophrenia can be very hard. Here are some tips to help you: Get them treatment and encourage them to stay in treatment Remember that their beliefs or hallucinations seem very real to them Tell them that you acknowledge that everyone has the right to see things their own way Be respectful, supportive, and kind without tolerating dangerous or inappropriate behavior Check to see if there are any support groups in your area Advice
- 14. References National Institute of Mental Health. (2016, Febuary 1). Mental Health Information. Retrieved from nimh.nih.gov: https://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/topics/schizophrenia/index.shtml Tao Le, V. B. (2016). First Aid For the USMLE Step One. NY, USA: McGraw Hill.