Disaster Logistics Management Evaluation Criteria In Module 2 SLP, evaluation criteria were developed for the different phases of a disaster. In this SLP, we will now use the criteria developed to assess for management success or failure. First, disasters will be reviewed, and then further research and analysis will need to be accomplished to assess each disaster logistics management. 1. Review three relatively recent widespread US disasters and very briefly describe the event to include when, where, what, type of disaster, damage, fatalities. This can be done in outline form. 2. Develop a table and briefly assess each for logistical management success or failure in each of the phases (preparedness, response, and recovery) based on the criteria developed in Module 2 SLP. Justify your answers. 3. Select one of the disasters evaluated and further discuss some lessons learned for each phase of logistics management at the federal, state, and local levels. 4. For the chosen disaster, what additional actions could be taken by NGOs? Properly cite your quotations that you use to support your statements. Use in-text references as needed to support your points. Module 3 SLP 3 4 Disaster Management Recently Widespread Disasters in the United States Some of the widespread disasters in the United States include; wildfires, tornadoes, hurricanes, and winter storms. Wildfires have become a common occurrence in the United States. For instance, in the year 2021, wildfires began in the central and western parts of Kansas. The fire resulted in the death of two individuals and injuries to three other individuals. It is also prudent to note that the wildfires destroyed approximately 163,000 acres of wildlife and about 42 structures. The second form of widespread disaster in the United States is tornadoes (LeComte, 2019). The most recent tornado occurred on December 10th, 2021 in Kentucky, Illinois, Missouri, and Arkansas. This disaster led to the deaths of approximately 90 individuals and injured many more. Hurricanes have also become one of the most widespread disasters in the United States due to the proximity of most states to water bodies. The most recent hurricane popularly known as hurricane Ida occurred and caused mass destruction along the gulf coast of Louisiana after which it moved north and led to the flooding of households. This hurricane led to the deaths of close to 115 individuals and serious destruction as well. The final widespread disaster in the United States is Winter storms. The most common winter storm occurred on February 13th, 2021. The worst hit state was Texas since it faced a power crisis due to the storms. The storms led to the deaths of 223 individuals. An assessment of each disaster and how the Government responded to it Disasters Assessment of the disasters Management Failures Management Successes Justification Wildfires Wildfires occur often in the United States. The most recent one occurred in .

1. Disaster Logistics Management Evaluation Criteria
In Module 2 SLP, evaluation criteria were developed for the
different phases of a disaster. In this SLP, we will now use the
criteria developed to assess for management success or failure.
First, disasters will be reviewed, and then further research and
analysis will need to be accomplished to assess each disaster
logistics management.
1. Review three relatively recent widespread US disasters and
very briefly describe the event to include when, where, what,
type of disaster, damage, fatalities. This can be done in outline
form.
2. Develop a table and briefly assess each for logistical
management success or failure in each of the phases
(preparedness, response, and recovery) based on the criteria
developed in Module 2 SLP. Justify your answers.
3. Select one of the disasters evaluated and further discuss some
lessons learned for each phase of logistics management at the
federal, state, and local levels.
4. For the chosen disaster, what additional actions could be
taken by NGOs?
Properly cite your quotations that you use to support your
statements. Use in-text references as needed to support your
points.
Module 3 SLP 3
4
Disaster Management
Recently Widespread Disasters in the United States
Some of the widespread disasters in the United States
include; wildfires, tornadoes, hurricanes, and winter storms.
Wildfires have become a common occurrence in the United
States. For instance, in the year 2021, wildfires began in the

2. central and western parts of Kansas. The fire resulted in the
death of two individuals and injuries to three other individuals.
It is also prudent to note that the wildfires destroyed
approximately 163,000 acres of wildlife and about 42
structures. The second form of widespread disaster in the
United States is tornadoes (LeComte, 2019). The most recent
tornado occurred on December 10th, 2021 in Kentucky, Illinois,
Missouri, and Arkansas. This disaster led to the deaths of
approximately 90 individuals and injured many more.
Hurricanes have also become one of the most widespread
disasters in the United States due to the proximity of most
states to water bodies. The most recent hurricane popularly
known as hurricane Ida occurred and caused mass destruction
along the gulf coast of Louisiana after which it moved north and
led to the flooding of households. This hurricane led to the
deaths of close to 115 individuals and serious destruction as
well. The final widespread disaster in the United States is
Winter storms. The most common winter storm occurred on
February 13th, 2021. The worst hit state was Texas since it
faced a power crisis due to the storms. The storms led to the
deaths of 223 individuals.
An assessment of each disaster and how the Government
responded to it
Disasters
Assessment of the disasters
Management Failures
Management Successes
Justification
Wildfires
Wildfires occur often in the United States. The most recent one
occurred in Kansas on December 15th
The management failure of wildfires is the inability of

3. government agencies and NGOs to act on time.
The government spent close to 2.3 million dollars to mitigate
the losses experienced by individuals.
The justification for the failures is close to 42 structures were
lost while the successes are justifiable through the government's
input of 2.3 million dollars.
Tornadoes
The most recent Tornado occurred on December 10th of 2021 in
Kentucky which was badly hit by the tornado
The management failure can be described as the inability of the
government to prevent the death of 90 individuals
The management's success is the government's input of
approximately 3.9 billion dollars to facilitate loss mitigation.
The justification of the failures is the losses that occurred as a
result of the tornadoes while the successes can be justified
through the government's input of 3.9billion dollars
Hurricanes
The latest hurricane was referred to as hurricane Ida and it led
to massive destruction of life and property, especially in the
state of Louisiana
The management failure occurred as a result of the failure of
state agencies to protect the lives of close to 115 individuals as
well as their properties.
The management's success is the government’s response to the
disaster through the use of 65.25 billion dollars and the
provision of social support to the affected families.
The justification for the failures is the deaths of 115 individuals
which were reported as a result of the hurricane while the
justification for the successes is the resources used by the
government to mitigate the losses.
Winter Storms
The latest winter storm to strike the United States was in
February between the dates of the 13th to 17th.
The management failure occurred as a result of the death of 237
individuals which the country was unable to prevent.
The management's success is the use of 196.5 billion dollars to

4. mitigate the losses that occurred as a result of the storms.
The justification for the failures is the deaths and power crises
that occurred as a result of the storms while the justification for
the successes is the input of 196.5 billion dollars in mitigating
the losses.
Lessons Learnt from the Disasters
Various lessons can be learned from the wildfires that have
been prevalent in the United States. One of the lessons is that
the United States has put in place measures to ensure that the
fires are less destructive compared to the previous years. For
instance, in 2017 and 2018, California experienced the largest
wildfire. The second lesson that can be learned from the disaster
of wildfire is that a quick response team can play critical in
preventing such fires from causing massive destruction. This
means that the states need to invest more in emergency services
such as fire stations which will play a critical role in the
suppression of such emergencies. The third lesson that can be
learned from wildfires in the United States is that usually occur
in areas that experience drought for most parts of the year. For
instance, California experiences drought more than any other
state hence the high levels of wildfires (Wibbenmeyer &
McDarris 2021). The fourth lesson that can be learned from the
wildfires leads to power losses which affect the economy of the
country. It is therefore prudent for the government to come up
with mechanisms that prevent power crises as was witnessed in
the state of Texas. The final lesson that can be learned from the
disaster of wildfires is that dry vegetation plays a critical role
in enhancing the occurrence of such fires. Therefore, it is
prudent for the government to come up with mechanisms that
control the spread of dry vegetation.
Additional Actions that Could be taken by NGOs to Mitigate the
Disasters
One of the actions that can be taken by NGOs in
preventing wildfires is the sensitization of the public on the

5. practices that they can take to minimize wildfires. This action
will involve the use of the political class as well as the opinion
shapers in ensuring that the citizens living close to forests do
not engage in acts that instigate fires. The second action that
can be taken by NGOs in mitigating the fires is the provision of
foodstuffs and social amenities to individuals who have suffered
losses as a result of the fires (Santos, Bento-Gonçalves & Vieira
2021). NGOs can also establish centers next to the areas that
experience wildfires to conduct counseling services to
individuals who will have difficulties in healing from the fires.
The rationale behind this is that the fires can cause trauma to
the affected individuals hence there is a need to establish such
centers. Finally, the NGOs can also educate the fire departments
on the mechanisms they can apply to suppress wildfires to avoid
massive destruction.
References
LeComte, D. (2019). US weather highlights 2018: Another
historic hurricane and wildfire season.
Weatherwise,
72(3), 12-23. Available at
https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/00431672.2019.1
586492
Santos, S., Bento-Gonçalves, A., & Vieira, A. (2021). Research
on Wildfires and Remote Sensing in the Last Three Decades: A
Bibliometric Analysis. Forests 2021, 12, 604. Available at
https://www.academia.edu/download/78998795/pdf.pdf
Wibbenmeyer, M., & McDarris, A. (2021). Wildfires in the
United States 101: Context and Consequences.
Disaster Relationships
During a disaster, both formal and informal relationships are
developed between government and non-government (NGOs).

6. Consider this timeline:
Federal resources may deploy in advance of the incident
INCIDENT OCCURS
→ →
1.
Local First Responders Arrive on Scene and notify
→→
2. Elected/Appointed Official-- Activates local EOC and
requests mutual aid & State assistance
→→
3.
Governor --Activates State EOC: Assesses damage +Requests
EMAC or other interstate mutual aid + Requests Presidential
declaration
→→
4.
FEMA Region – Evaluates situation & Governor’s request.
Recommends
→→
5.
FEMA Administrator – Assesses situation & Governor’s
request. He or She makes recommendation through DHS
Secretary
→→
6.
President – Declares emergency or major disaster
→→
7.
FEMA Administrator
→→
8.
Response Team and Other Resources –
Deploy
→→
9.
Joint Field Office –Provides unified coordination of response

7. resources
Diagram modified from the reading:
National Response Framework:
Overview of Stafford Act Support to States.
This overview illustrates actions Federal agencies are likely to
take to assist State, tribal, and local governments that are
affected by a major disaster or emergency. Key operational
components that may be activated include the National
Response Coordination Center (NRCC), Regional Response
Coordination Center (RRCC), Joint Field Office (JFO), and
Disaster Recovery Centers (DRCs).
There are many federal agencies that serve a supporting role to
disaster logistics. These include:
· Department of Agriculture
· Department of Commerce
· Department of Defense
· Department of Energy
· Department of Health and Human Services
· Department of the Interior
· Department of Labor
· Department of Transportation
· Department of Veterans Affairs
· National Aeronautics and Space Administration
· Office of Personnel Management
List taken from the reading:
Emergency Support Function #7 – Logistics
Management and Resource Support Annex, p 1.
Depending on the disaster, there are also private and non-
government (NGOs) entities that provide different types of

8. support. This support at times serves as a critical resource for
disaster operations, and at times overlaps existing support. See
Required Website:
Disaster Relief Agencies.
Question
Considering the diagram that illustrates action of Federal
agencies, construct a table to match each step with the likely
phase (preparedness, response and recovery). Justify your
answers.
1.
From the list of government agencies listed and NGOs
in Mod 2 Case, add to the table to match with the most likely
phase these organizations would be involved. Justify your
answers.
Properly cite your quotations that you use to support your
statements. Use in-text references as needed to support your
points.