SlideShare a Scribd company logo
1 of 1
Download to read offline
ECWAY TECHNOLOGIES
IEEE PROJECTS & SOFTWARE DEVELOPMENTS
OUR OFFICES @ CHENNAI / TRICHY / KARUR / ERODE / MADURAI / SALEM / COIMBATORE
CELL: +91 98949 17187, +91 875487 2111 / 3111 / 4111 / 5111 / 6111
VISIT: www.ecwayprojects.com MAIL TO: ecwaytechnologies@gmail.com

DISTRIBUTED PROCESSING OF PROBABILISTIC TOP-K QUERIES IN
WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORKS

ABSTRACT:

In this paper, we introduce the notion of sufficient set and necessary set for distributed
processing of probabilistic top-k queries in cluster-based wireless sensor networks. These two
concepts have very nice properties that can facilitate localized data pruning in clusters.

We develop a suite of algorithms, namely, sufficient set-based (SSB), necessary set-based
(NSB), and boundary-based (BB), for intercluster query processing with bounded rounds of
communications in responding to dynamic changes of data distribution in the network.

We develop an adaptive algorithm that dynamically switches among the three proposed
algorithms to minimize the transmission cost. We show the applicability of sufficient set and
necessary set to wireless sensor networks with both two-tier hierarchical and tree-structured
network topologies.

Experimental results show that the proposed algorithms reduce data transmissions significantly
and incur only small constant rounds of data communications. The experimental results also
demonstrate the superiority of the adaptive algorithm, which achieves a near-optimal
performance under various conditions.

More Related Content

Viewers also liked

Cloudsim distributed web systems performance forecasting using turning bands...
Cloudsim  distributed web systems performance forecasting using turning bands...Cloudsim  distributed web systems performance forecasting using turning bands...
Cloudsim distributed web systems performance forecasting using turning bands...
Ecwayt
 
Channel assignment for throughput optimization in multichannel multiradio wir...
Channel assignment for throughput optimization in multichannel multiradio wir...Channel assignment for throughput optimization in multichannel multiradio wir...
Channel assignment for throughput optimization in multichannel multiradio wir...
Ecwayt
 
Cloudsim quality-differentiated video multicast in multirate wireless networks
Cloudsim  quality-differentiated video multicast in multirate wireless networksCloudsim  quality-differentiated video multicast in multirate wireless networks
Cloudsim quality-differentiated video multicast in multirate wireless networks
Ecwayt
 
Cloudsim power allocation for statistical qo s provisioning in opportunistic...
Cloudsim  power allocation for statistical qo s provisioning in opportunistic...Cloudsim  power allocation for statistical qo s provisioning in opportunistic...
Cloudsim power allocation for statistical qo s provisioning in opportunistic...
Ecwayt
 
Channel allocation and routing in hybrid multichannel multiradio wireless mes...
Channel allocation and routing in hybrid multichannel multiradio wireless mes...Channel allocation and routing in hybrid multichannel multiradio wireless mes...
Channel allocation and routing in hybrid multichannel multiradio wireless mes...
Ecwayt
 
Chopper based dc motor speed control
Chopper based dc motor speed controlChopper based dc motor speed control
Chopper based dc motor speed control
Ecwayt
 
Civil 2013 titles
Civil 2013 titlesCivil 2013 titles
Civil 2013 titles
Ecwayt
 
Motor Monofasico De Induccion
Motor Monofasico De InduccionMotor Monofasico De Induccion
Motor Monofasico De Induccion
israel.1x
 
Podcasting 2Connects
Podcasting 2ConnectsPodcasting 2Connects
Podcasting 2Connects
anthony evans
 
presentation knowledge lab elena pasquinelli
presentation knowledge lab elena pasquinellipresentation knowledge lab elena pasquinelli
presentation knowledge lab elena pasquinelli
elena.pasquinelli
 

Viewers also liked (14)

Cloudsim distributed web systems performance forecasting using turning bands...
Cloudsim  distributed web systems performance forecasting using turning bands...Cloudsim  distributed web systems performance forecasting using turning bands...
Cloudsim distributed web systems performance forecasting using turning bands...
 
Channel assignment for throughput optimization in multichannel multiradio wir...
Channel assignment for throughput optimization in multichannel multiradio wir...Channel assignment for throughput optimization in multichannel multiradio wir...
Channel assignment for throughput optimization in multichannel multiradio wir...
 
Cloudsim quality-differentiated video multicast in multirate wireless networks
Cloudsim  quality-differentiated video multicast in multirate wireless networksCloudsim  quality-differentiated video multicast in multirate wireless networks
Cloudsim quality-differentiated video multicast in multirate wireless networks
 
Cloudsim power allocation for statistical qo s provisioning in opportunistic...
Cloudsim  power allocation for statistical qo s provisioning in opportunistic...Cloudsim  power allocation for statistical qo s provisioning in opportunistic...
Cloudsim power allocation for statistical qo s provisioning in opportunistic...
 
Channel allocation and routing in hybrid multichannel multiradio wireless mes...
Channel allocation and routing in hybrid multichannel multiradio wireless mes...Channel allocation and routing in hybrid multichannel multiradio wireless mes...
Channel allocation and routing in hybrid multichannel multiradio wireless mes...
 
Chopper based dc motor speed control
Chopper based dc motor speed controlChopper based dc motor speed control
Chopper based dc motor speed control
 
Civil 2013 titles
Civil 2013 titlesCivil 2013 titles
Civil 2013 titles
 
Motor Monofasico De Induccion
Motor Monofasico De InduccionMotor Monofasico De Induccion
Motor Monofasico De Induccion
 
Portfolio
PortfolioPortfolio
Portfolio
 
Podcasting 2Connects
Podcasting 2ConnectsPodcasting 2Connects
Podcasting 2Connects
 
presentation knowledge lab elena pasquinelli
presentation knowledge lab elena pasquinellipresentation knowledge lab elena pasquinelli
presentation knowledge lab elena pasquinelli
 
Languages Test
Languages TestLanguages Test
Languages Test
 
El Adjetivo
El AdjetivoEl Adjetivo
El Adjetivo
 
Informe 257
Informe 257Informe 257
Informe 257
 

Similar to Cloudsim distributed processing of probabilistic top-k queries in wireless sensor networks

Distributed processing of probabilistic top k queries in wireless sensor netw...
Distributed processing of probabilistic top k queries in wireless sensor netw...Distributed processing of probabilistic top k queries in wireless sensor netw...
Distributed processing of probabilistic top k queries in wireless sensor netw...
ecway
 
Distributed processing of probabilistic top k queries in wireless sensor netw...
Distributed processing of probabilistic top k queries in wireless sensor netw...Distributed processing of probabilistic top k queries in wireless sensor netw...
Distributed processing of probabilistic top k queries in wireless sensor netw...
Ecway Technologies
 
Java distributed processing of probabilistic top-k queries in wireless senso...
Java  distributed processing of probabilistic top-k queries in wireless senso...Java  distributed processing of probabilistic top-k queries in wireless senso...
Java distributed processing of probabilistic top-k queries in wireless senso...
ecwayerode
 
Java distributed processing of probabilistic top-k queries in wireless senso...
Java  distributed processing of probabilistic top-k queries in wireless senso...Java  distributed processing of probabilistic top-k queries in wireless senso...
Java distributed processing of probabilistic top-k queries in wireless senso...
Ecway Technologies
 
Benefits Of Final Year Projects, Ncct
Benefits Of Final Year Projects, NcctBenefits Of Final Year Projects, Ncct
Benefits Of Final Year Projects, Ncct
ncct
 
Ns2 2015 2016 ieee project list-(v)_with abstract(S3 Infotech:9884848198)
Ns2 2015 2016 ieee project list-(v)_with abstract(S3 Infotech:9884848198)Ns2 2015 2016 ieee project list-(v)_with abstract(S3 Infotech:9884848198)
Ns2 2015 2016 ieee project list-(v)_with abstract(S3 Infotech:9884848198)
S3 Infotech IEEE Projects
 
Capacity of hybrid wireless mesh networks with random a ps
Capacity of hybrid wireless mesh networks with random a psCapacity of hybrid wireless mesh networks with random a ps
Capacity of hybrid wireless mesh networks with random a ps
Ecway2004
 
Dotnet capacity of hybrid wireless mesh networks with random a ps
Dotnet  capacity of hybrid wireless mesh networks with random a psDotnet  capacity of hybrid wireless mesh networks with random a ps
Dotnet capacity of hybrid wireless mesh networks with random a ps
Ecwaytech
 
Dotnet capacity of hybrid wireless mesh networks with random a ps
Dotnet  capacity of hybrid wireless mesh networks with random a psDotnet  capacity of hybrid wireless mesh networks with random a ps
Dotnet capacity of hybrid wireless mesh networks with random a ps
Ecwayt
 
Capacity of hybrid wireless mesh networks with random a ps
Capacity of hybrid wireless mesh networks with random a psCapacity of hybrid wireless mesh networks with random a ps
Capacity of hybrid wireless mesh networks with random a ps
Ecwayt
 
Capacity of hybrid wireless mesh networks with random a ps
Capacity of hybrid wireless mesh networks with random a psCapacity of hybrid wireless mesh networks with random a ps
Capacity of hybrid wireless mesh networks with random a ps
Ecwaytechnoz
 
Capacity of hybrid wireless mesh networks with random a ps
Capacity of hybrid wireless mesh networks with random a psCapacity of hybrid wireless mesh networks with random a ps
Capacity of hybrid wireless mesh networks with random a ps
Ecwayt
 
Capacity of hybrid wireless mesh networks with random a ps
Capacity of hybrid wireless mesh networks with random a psCapacity of hybrid wireless mesh networks with random a ps
Capacity of hybrid wireless mesh networks with random a ps
ecwayprojects
 
Capacity of hybrid wireless mesh networks with random a ps
Capacity of hybrid wireless mesh networks with random a psCapacity of hybrid wireless mesh networks with random a ps
Capacity of hybrid wireless mesh networks with random a ps
Ecwayt
 
4 Sw 2009 Ieee Abstracts Dot Net, Ncct Chennai
4   Sw   2009 Ieee Abstracts   Dot Net, Ncct Chennai4   Sw   2009 Ieee Abstracts   Dot Net, Ncct Chennai
4 Sw 2009 Ieee Abstracts Dot Net, Ncct Chennai
ncct
 

Similar to Cloudsim distributed processing of probabilistic top-k queries in wireless sensor networks (20)

Distributed processing of probabilistic top k queries in wireless sensor netw...
Distributed processing of probabilistic top k queries in wireless sensor netw...Distributed processing of probabilistic top k queries in wireless sensor netw...
Distributed processing of probabilistic top k queries in wireless sensor netw...
 
Distributed processing of probabilistic top k queries in wireless sensor netw...
Distributed processing of probabilistic top k queries in wireless sensor netw...Distributed processing of probabilistic top k queries in wireless sensor netw...
Distributed processing of probabilistic top k queries in wireless sensor netw...
 
Java distributed processing of probabilistic top-k queries in wireless senso...
Java  distributed processing of probabilistic top-k queries in wireless senso...Java  distributed processing of probabilistic top-k queries in wireless senso...
Java distributed processing of probabilistic top-k queries in wireless senso...
 
Java distributed processing of probabilistic top-k queries in wireless senso...
Java  distributed processing of probabilistic top-k queries in wireless senso...Java  distributed processing of probabilistic top-k queries in wireless senso...
Java distributed processing of probabilistic top-k queries in wireless senso...
 
Distributed processing of probabilistic top k queries in wireless sensor netw...
Distributed processing of probabilistic top k queries in wireless sensor netw...Distributed processing of probabilistic top k queries in wireless sensor netw...
Distributed processing of probabilistic top k queries in wireless sensor netw...
 
JAVA 2013 IEEE DATAMINING PROJECT Distributed processing of probabilistic top...
JAVA 2013 IEEE DATAMINING PROJECT Distributed processing of probabilistic top...JAVA 2013 IEEE DATAMINING PROJECT Distributed processing of probabilistic top...
JAVA 2013 IEEE DATAMINING PROJECT Distributed processing of probabilistic top...
 
Distributed processing of probabilistic top k queries in wireless sensor netw...
Distributed processing of probabilistic top k queries in wireless sensor netw...Distributed processing of probabilistic top k queries in wireless sensor netw...
Distributed processing of probabilistic top k queries in wireless sensor netw...
 
Benefits Of Final Year Projects, Ncct
Benefits Of Final Year Projects, NcctBenefits Of Final Year Projects, Ncct
Benefits Of Final Year Projects, Ncct
 
Ns2 2015 2016 ieee project list-(v)_with abstract(S3 Infotech:9884848198)
Ns2 2015 2016 ieee project list-(v)_with abstract(S3 Infotech:9884848198)Ns2 2015 2016 ieee project list-(v)_with abstract(S3 Infotech:9884848198)
Ns2 2015 2016 ieee project list-(v)_with abstract(S3 Infotech:9884848198)
 
IEEE 2014 NS2 NETWORKING PROJECTS Algorithms for enhanced inter cell interfe...
IEEE 2014 NS2 NETWORKING PROJECTS  Algorithms for enhanced inter cell interfe...IEEE 2014 NS2 NETWORKING PROJECTS  Algorithms for enhanced inter cell interfe...
IEEE 2014 NS2 NETWORKING PROJECTS Algorithms for enhanced inter cell interfe...
 
Capacity of hybrid wireless mesh networks with random a ps
Capacity of hybrid wireless mesh networks with random a psCapacity of hybrid wireless mesh networks with random a ps
Capacity of hybrid wireless mesh networks with random a ps
 
Dotnet capacity of hybrid wireless mesh networks with random a ps
Dotnet  capacity of hybrid wireless mesh networks with random a psDotnet  capacity of hybrid wireless mesh networks with random a ps
Dotnet capacity of hybrid wireless mesh networks with random a ps
 
Dotnet capacity of hybrid wireless mesh networks with random a ps
Dotnet  capacity of hybrid wireless mesh networks with random a psDotnet  capacity of hybrid wireless mesh networks with random a ps
Dotnet capacity of hybrid wireless mesh networks with random a ps
 
Capacity of hybrid wireless mesh networks with random a ps
Capacity of hybrid wireless mesh networks with random a psCapacity of hybrid wireless mesh networks with random a ps
Capacity of hybrid wireless mesh networks with random a ps
 
Capacity of hybrid wireless mesh networks with random a ps
Capacity of hybrid wireless mesh networks with random a psCapacity of hybrid wireless mesh networks with random a ps
Capacity of hybrid wireless mesh networks with random a ps
 
Capacity of hybrid wireless mesh networks with random a ps
Capacity of hybrid wireless mesh networks with random a psCapacity of hybrid wireless mesh networks with random a ps
Capacity of hybrid wireless mesh networks with random a ps
 
Capacity of hybrid wireless mesh networks with random a ps
Capacity of hybrid wireless mesh networks with random a psCapacity of hybrid wireless mesh networks with random a ps
Capacity of hybrid wireless mesh networks with random a ps
 
Capacity of hybrid wireless mesh networks with random a ps
Capacity of hybrid wireless mesh networks with random a psCapacity of hybrid wireless mesh networks with random a ps
Capacity of hybrid wireless mesh networks with random a ps
 
4 Sw 2009 Ieee Abstracts Dot Net, Ncct Chennai
4   Sw   2009 Ieee Abstracts   Dot Net, Ncct Chennai4   Sw   2009 Ieee Abstracts   Dot Net, Ncct Chennai
4 Sw 2009 Ieee Abstracts Dot Net, Ncct Chennai
 
IEEE Networking 2016 Title and Abstract
IEEE Networking 2016 Title and AbstractIEEE Networking 2016 Title and Abstract
IEEE Networking 2016 Title and Abstract
 

More from Ecwayt

Covering points of interest with mobile sensors
Covering points of interest with mobile sensorsCovering points of interest with mobile sensors
Covering points of interest with mobile sensors
Ecwayt
 
Coloring based inter-wban scheduling for mobile wireless body area networks
Coloring based inter-wban scheduling for mobile wireless body area networksColoring based inter-wban scheduling for mobile wireless body area networks
Coloring based inter-wban scheduling for mobile wireless body area networks
Ecwayt
 
Code modulation based encryption & decryption technique for secure communicat...
Code modulation based encryption & decryption technique for secure communicat...Code modulation based encryption & decryption technique for secure communicat...
Code modulation based encryption & decryption technique for secure communicat...
Ecwayt
 
Clustering sentence level text using a novel fuzzy relational clustering algo...
Clustering sentence level text using a novel fuzzy relational clustering algo...Clustering sentence level text using a novel fuzzy relational clustering algo...
Clustering sentence level text using a novel fuzzy relational clustering algo...
Ecwayt
 
Clustering large probabilistic graphs
Clustering large probabilistic graphsClustering large probabilistic graphs
Clustering large probabilistic graphs
Ecwayt
 
Cloudsim t-drive enhancing driving directions with taxi drivers’ intelligence
Cloudsim  t-drive enhancing driving directions with taxi drivers’ intelligenceCloudsim  t-drive enhancing driving directions with taxi drivers’ intelligence
Cloudsim t-drive enhancing driving directions with taxi drivers’ intelligence
Ecwayt
 
Cloudsim ranking on data manifold with sink points
Cloudsim  ranking on data manifold with sink pointsCloudsim  ranking on data manifold with sink points
Cloudsim ranking on data manifold with sink points
Ecwayt
 
Casual stereoscopic photo authoring
Casual stereoscopic photo authoringCasual stereoscopic photo authoring
Casual stereoscopic photo authoring
Ecwayt
 
Casual stereoscopic photo authoring
Casual stereoscopic photo authoringCasual stereoscopic photo authoring
Casual stereoscopic photo authoring
Ecwayt
 
Bomb detection robot with wireless camera
Bomb detection robot with wireless cameraBomb detection robot with wireless camera
Bomb detection robot with wireless camera
Ecwayt
 
Bed side patients monitoring system with emergency alert
Bed side patients monitoring system with  emergency alertBed side patients monitoring system with  emergency alert
Bed side patients monitoring system with emergency alert
Ecwayt
 
Autonomous sensing order selection strategies exploiting channel access infor...
Autonomous sensing order selection strategies exploiting channel access infor...Autonomous sensing order selection strategies exploiting channel access infor...
Autonomous sensing order selection strategies exploiting channel access infor...
Ecwayt
 
Automobile security system using digital password
Automobile security system using digital passwordAutomobile security system using digital password
Automobile security system using digital password
Ecwayt
 
Automatic temperature based exhaust fan controller
Automatic temperature based exhaust fan controllerAutomatic temperature based exhaust fan controller
Automatic temperature based exhaust fan controller
Ecwayt
 
Automatic station name display in train
Automatic station name display in trainAutomatic station name display in train
Automatic station name display in train
Ecwayt
 
Automatic semantic content extraction in videos using a fuzzy ontology and ru...
Automatic semantic content extraction in videos using a fuzzy ontology and ru...Automatic semantic content extraction in videos using a fuzzy ontology and ru...
Automatic semantic content extraction in videos using a fuzzy ontology and ru...
Ecwayt
 
Automatic room light intensity detection and control using a microprocessor a...
Automatic room light intensity detection and control using a microprocessor a...Automatic room light intensity detection and control using a microprocessor a...
Automatic room light intensity detection and control using a microprocessor a...
Ecwayt
 
Automatic room light intensity based window blinds control system
Automatic room light intensity based window blinds control systemAutomatic room light intensity based window blinds control system
Automatic room light intensity based window blinds control system
Ecwayt
 
Automatic power failure indicator to eb sub station
Automatic power failure indicator to eb sub stationAutomatic power failure indicator to eb sub station
Automatic power failure indicator to eb sub station
Ecwayt
 
Automatic electricity billing and tripping for non paid customers
Automatic electricity billing and tripping for non paid customersAutomatic electricity billing and tripping for non paid customers
Automatic electricity billing and tripping for non paid customers
Ecwayt
 

More from Ecwayt (20)

Covering points of interest with mobile sensors
Covering points of interest with mobile sensorsCovering points of interest with mobile sensors
Covering points of interest with mobile sensors
 
Coloring based inter-wban scheduling for mobile wireless body area networks
Coloring based inter-wban scheduling for mobile wireless body area networksColoring based inter-wban scheduling for mobile wireless body area networks
Coloring based inter-wban scheduling for mobile wireless body area networks
 
Code modulation based encryption & decryption technique for secure communicat...
Code modulation based encryption & decryption technique for secure communicat...Code modulation based encryption & decryption technique for secure communicat...
Code modulation based encryption & decryption technique for secure communicat...
 
Clustering sentence level text using a novel fuzzy relational clustering algo...
Clustering sentence level text using a novel fuzzy relational clustering algo...Clustering sentence level text using a novel fuzzy relational clustering algo...
Clustering sentence level text using a novel fuzzy relational clustering algo...
 
Clustering large probabilistic graphs
Clustering large probabilistic graphsClustering large probabilistic graphs
Clustering large probabilistic graphs
 
Cloudsim t-drive enhancing driving directions with taxi drivers’ intelligence
Cloudsim  t-drive enhancing driving directions with taxi drivers’ intelligenceCloudsim  t-drive enhancing driving directions with taxi drivers’ intelligence
Cloudsim t-drive enhancing driving directions with taxi drivers’ intelligence
 
Cloudsim ranking on data manifold with sink points
Cloudsim  ranking on data manifold with sink pointsCloudsim  ranking on data manifold with sink points
Cloudsim ranking on data manifold with sink points
 
Casual stereoscopic photo authoring
Casual stereoscopic photo authoringCasual stereoscopic photo authoring
Casual stereoscopic photo authoring
 
Casual stereoscopic photo authoring
Casual stereoscopic photo authoringCasual stereoscopic photo authoring
Casual stereoscopic photo authoring
 
Bomb detection robot with wireless camera
Bomb detection robot with wireless cameraBomb detection robot with wireless camera
Bomb detection robot with wireless camera
 
Bed side patients monitoring system with emergency alert
Bed side patients monitoring system with  emergency alertBed side patients monitoring system with  emergency alert
Bed side patients monitoring system with emergency alert
 
Autonomous sensing order selection strategies exploiting channel access infor...
Autonomous sensing order selection strategies exploiting channel access infor...Autonomous sensing order selection strategies exploiting channel access infor...
Autonomous sensing order selection strategies exploiting channel access infor...
 
Automobile security system using digital password
Automobile security system using digital passwordAutomobile security system using digital password
Automobile security system using digital password
 
Automatic temperature based exhaust fan controller
Automatic temperature based exhaust fan controllerAutomatic temperature based exhaust fan controller
Automatic temperature based exhaust fan controller
 
Automatic station name display in train
Automatic station name display in trainAutomatic station name display in train
Automatic station name display in train
 
Automatic semantic content extraction in videos using a fuzzy ontology and ru...
Automatic semantic content extraction in videos using a fuzzy ontology and ru...Automatic semantic content extraction in videos using a fuzzy ontology and ru...
Automatic semantic content extraction in videos using a fuzzy ontology and ru...
 
Automatic room light intensity detection and control using a microprocessor a...
Automatic room light intensity detection and control using a microprocessor a...Automatic room light intensity detection and control using a microprocessor a...
Automatic room light intensity detection and control using a microprocessor a...
 
Automatic room light intensity based window blinds control system
Automatic room light intensity based window blinds control systemAutomatic room light intensity based window blinds control system
Automatic room light intensity based window blinds control system
 
Automatic power failure indicator to eb sub station
Automatic power failure indicator to eb sub stationAutomatic power failure indicator to eb sub station
Automatic power failure indicator to eb sub station
 
Automatic electricity billing and tripping for non paid customers
Automatic electricity billing and tripping for non paid customersAutomatic electricity billing and tripping for non paid customers
Automatic electricity billing and tripping for non paid customers
 

Cloudsim distributed processing of probabilistic top-k queries in wireless sensor networks

  • 1. ECWAY TECHNOLOGIES IEEE PROJECTS & SOFTWARE DEVELOPMENTS OUR OFFICES @ CHENNAI / TRICHY / KARUR / ERODE / MADURAI / SALEM / COIMBATORE CELL: +91 98949 17187, +91 875487 2111 / 3111 / 4111 / 5111 / 6111 VISIT: www.ecwayprojects.com MAIL TO: ecwaytechnologies@gmail.com DISTRIBUTED PROCESSING OF PROBABILISTIC TOP-K QUERIES IN WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORKS ABSTRACT: In this paper, we introduce the notion of sufficient set and necessary set for distributed processing of probabilistic top-k queries in cluster-based wireless sensor networks. These two concepts have very nice properties that can facilitate localized data pruning in clusters. We develop a suite of algorithms, namely, sufficient set-based (SSB), necessary set-based (NSB), and boundary-based (BB), for intercluster query processing with bounded rounds of communications in responding to dynamic changes of data distribution in the network. We develop an adaptive algorithm that dynamically switches among the three proposed algorithms to minimize the transmission cost. We show the applicability of sufficient set and necessary set to wireless sensor networks with both two-tier hierarchical and tree-structured network topologies. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithms reduce data transmissions significantly and incur only small constant rounds of data communications. The experimental results also demonstrate the superiority of the adaptive algorithm, which achieves a near-optimal performance under various conditions.