Discussion look back on your experiences in the course and provide an overview of what you have learned from the course with regard to health and wellness. You can start by reviewing your final projects and your answers to the Module One discussion. In your initial post, address the following questions: · How have your definitions of wellness changed? · How do the four lenses (History, Humanities, Natural & Applied Sciences, and Social Sciences) approach the study of wellness with respect to the individual and society? · How do the four lenses represent a way of seeing wellness? · What are the implications of wellness on the future? · How are you going to implement what you have learned in this course into your own life? 6 Project Proposal: Smart Inhalers for COPD Patients COPD (Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease) tends to be a chronic inflammatory lung complication that causes an obstruction of the airflow from the lungs. Some of the major symptoms of this health condition comprise difficulty in breathing, coughing, wheezing as well as production of mucus. Majorly this health condition is often caused by extensive exposure to particulate matter or irritating gases such as cigarette smoke. Particularly, individuals suffering from COPD tend to be at a higher risk of developing lung cancer, heart-related diseases, and other related conditions (Ding et al., 2019). With the introduction of new and advanced technology, the health care sector has introduced technological devices which aid in promoting positive health care outcomes. The proposed project will focus on how the smart inhaler, a technological device, may contribute to monitoring and recording data regarding the utilization of the inhaler as well as the location of the patient. Smart Inhalers for COPD Patients Smart Inhalers The smart inhaler is a technological device that integrates Bluetooth technology to record data regarding the time as well as the date the inhaler was used, and also it identifies the location of the patient in every use. This will ensure the health care providers are able to keep an effective track of the patient. COPD tends to impact more than 200 million individuals across the globe, with chronic respiratory disease making up approximately 8% of the globe’s chronic burden (Park, 2017). To be able to able to mitigate the clinical severity of the health condition, individuals suffering from COPD need to strictly adhere to medication schedules to be in a position to attain control of their symptoms and enable them to live a normal life ("Objective assessment of adherence to inhalers by COPD patients," 2019). Further, the utilization of inhalers tends to be crucial for maintaining the strict regimen needed for controlling COPD conditions, as they avoid the need for as well as negative impacts linked to the utilization of oral and injectable drugs. Further, through the utilization of smart inhalers, COPD patients will be ...

1. Discussion
look back on your experiences in the course and provide an
overview of what you have learned from the course with regard
to health and wellness. You can start by reviewing your final
projects and your answers to the Module One discussion. In
your initial post, address the following questions:
· How have your definitions of wellness changed?
· How do the four lenses (History, Humanities, Natural &
Applied Sciences, and Social Sciences) approach the study of
wellness with respect to the individual and society?
· How do the four lenses represent a way of seeing wellness?
· What are the implications of wellness on the future?
· How are you going to implement what you have learned in this
course into your own life?
6
Project Proposal: Smart Inhalers for COPD Patients
COPD (Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease) tends
to be a chronic inflammatory lung complication that causes an
obstruction of the airflow from the lungs. Some of the major
symptoms of this health condition comprise difficulty in
breathing, coughing, wheezing as well as production of mucus.
Majorly this health condition is often caused by extensive
exposure to particulate matter or irritating gases such as
cigarette smoke. Particularly, individuals suffering from COPD
tend to be at a higher risk of developing lung cancer, heart-
related diseases, and other related conditions (Ding et al.,

2. 2019).
With the introduction of new and advanced technology, the
health care sector has introduced technological devices which
aid in promoting positive health care outcomes. The proposed
project will focus on how the smart inhaler, a technological
device, may contribute to monitoring and recording data
regarding the utilization of the inhaler as well as the location of
the patient.
Smart Inhalers for COPD Patients
Smart Inhalers
The smart inhaler is a technological device that
integrates Bluetooth technology to record data regarding the
time as well as the date the inhaler was used, and also it
identifies the location of the patient in every use. This will
ensure the health care providers are able to keep an effective
track of the patient. COPD tends to impact more than 200
million individuals across the globe, with chronic respiratory
disease making up approximately 8% of the globe’s chronic
burden (Park, 2017).
To be able to able to mitigate the clinical severity of the health
condition, individuals suffering from COPD need to strictly
adhere to medication schedules to be in a position to attain
control of their symptoms and enable them to live a normal life
("Objective assessment of adherence to inhalers by COPD
patients," 2019). Further, the utilization of inhalers tends to be
crucial for maintaining the strict regimen needed for controlling
COPD conditions, as they avoid the need for as well as negative
impacts linked to the utilization of oral and injectable drugs.
Further, through the utilization of smart inhalers, COPD
patients will be constantly reminded to take their medication
and at the same collecting crucial data that may be utilized by
the patients and the health care providers to monitor as well as
alter the medication dosage when necessary (Ding et al., 2019).
This means that the patients are offered the appropriate
medication based on their COPD condition and at the same
time allowing the health care providers the ability to track the

3. patient’s condition and, as a result, enable them to determine
the appropriate medication.
Project Description
The main purpose of the project is to ensure that patients
suffering from COPD do not misuse the freedom that is linked
to the utilization of inhalers through ignoring the recommended
treatment schedule, as well as failure to stock their refills.
With the implementation of advanced technology in the health
sector, the way health care provision is practiced significantly
changed, and it has promoted positive health outcomes. Through
the use of the smart inhaler, it comprises an automatic reminder
of when the patient needs to take his or her medication. Further,
it also tends to alert signals when the patients forget to take
their inhalers with them as well, as it aids in addressing
noncompliance-related issues. Moreover, the attained data
records will offer a prediction of a respiratory attack such as
asthma, and as a result, enable the patients to prevent the
attacks from happening (Slevin et al., 2021). Majorly this
information will contribute to the reduction of clinical severity
as well as the length of every attack and, as a result, prevent
increased damage of the lungs.
Additionally, the identification of the patient’s time, as
well as location, allows the health care providers to be able to
point out the various aspects that trigger the occurrence of
COPD. In other situations, the smart inhalers may also sense
significant levels of pollen or air pollutants and provide the
patient with a warning signal of the potential exacerbations
(Slevin et al., 2019).
Additionally, the smart inhaler also tends to enlighten the
patient on the appropriate inhaler technique in order to deliver
the right amount of drugs to the lungs as well as minimize the
possible side effects. Fundamentally, through the attainment of
crucial data, the smart inhalers will contribute to significant
savings in regards to health care cost and human suffering in
relation to COPD as they allow the patient to achieve
significant control over their health condition through the

4. identification of trigger factors, connection and sharing of
information with their health care providers (Slevin et al.,
2019). Arguably, the smart inhaler technology will be of great
benefit as it will promote adherence to the treatment schedule,
usage tracking, as well as dosage reminders through offering
patient-relevant notifications.
Background
COPD tends to be a progressive health condition, and over time
the condition tends to get more severe if the symptoms are
addressed. However, appropriate management allows a
significant population of COPD patients attain excellent control
as well as the quality of life and limited risks linked to this
health condition. A significant patient population with COPD is
often provided with inhalers which provide medication directly
to the lungs enabling the patient to breathe easily through
relaxation and widening of the patient’s airway. However, most
of the patients lack the ability to effectively manage the COPD
condition, and as a result, their symptoms tend to get severe to
the point of causing even death (Slevin et al., 2019).
Every COPD patient tends to suffer from unique chronic
obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) symptoms, and it is
essential for the patient to have an adequate understanding of
their COPD to be able to attain control over their lives (Slevin
et al., 2021). Further, having an adequate understanding of
one’s chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) symptoms
allows one to be able to identify the possible triggers and the
appropriate medication to take to manage the condition. Also,
through understanding chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
(COPD), one is able to explain to their health care providers
how they feel.
Goal and objectives
One main goal of this project proposal is to enhance the
patient’s functional status as well as their quality of life through
ensuring the optimal functioning of their lungs, prevention of
exacerbation recurrence as well as enhancing the symptoms
experienced through the use of improved technology (Park,

5. 2017). This goal tends to be crucial as it allows the patient to
achieve control over their lives. Another significant goal of the
project is to assert that the implementation of new and advanced
technology in the management of COPD has the ability to
reduce its severity and allow patients to live a healthy normal
life.
On the other hand, the main objectives of the project are
ensuring that the patients and the health care providers are able
to utilize the acquired data from smart inhalers to develop
effective COPD management approaches (Park, 2017. Another
major objective of the project is to ensure that the patients are
enlightened about their COPD conditions and encouraged to
participate in effective management approaches.
Significance
The significance of the proposed project is to ensure that COPD
patients are able to utilize their smart inhalers to collect crucial
symptomatic information relating to their health condition and
share it with their health care providers. This tends to allow the
patient to be effective in understanding their COPD type, and on
the other hand, it allows the health care provider to develop the
appropriate COPD management approach based on the
information acquired from the smart inhaler (Slevin et al.,
2021). Additionally, through the utilization of smart inhalers,
patients are constantly reminded of the time to take their COPD
medicine as well as through the sensors attached to the inhaler,
they are also able to predict the occurrence of an exacerbation
and, as a result, enable them to achieve the quality of life.
Conclusion
Particularly, individuals suffering from COPD tend to be at a
higher risk of developing lung cancer, heart-related diseases,
and other related conditions. With the introduction of new and
advanced technology, the health care sector has introduced
technological devices which aid in promoting positive health
care outcomes. In conclusion, the utilization of smart or digital

6. inhalers will bring potential benefits to the management of
COPD as it will ensure that the patients and their health care
providers are constantly enlightened on the various symptoms
impacting the patient. Further, this tends to allow the patient to
effectively understand their COPD type, and on the other hand,
it allows the health care provider to develop the appropriate
COPD management approach based on the in the information
acquired from the smart inhaler.
References
Ding, H., Fatehi, F., Maiorana, A., Bashi, N., Hu, W., &
Edwards, I. (2019). Digital health for COPD care: The current
state of play. Journal of Thoracic Disease, 11(S17), S2210-
S2220. https://doi.org/10.21037/jtd.2019.10.17
Objective assessment of adherence to inhalers by COPD
patients. (2019). Case Medical Research.
https://doi.org/10.31525/ct1-nct04025242
Park, J. H. (2017). Pharmacologic management of COPD.
COPD, 333-349. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-47178-4_23
Slevin, P., Kessie, T., Cullen, J., Butler, M. W.,
Donnelly, S. C., & Caulfield, B. (2019). Exploring the potential
benefits of digital health technology for the management of
COPD: A qualitative study of patient perceptions. ERJ Open
Research, 5(2), 00239-2018.
https://doi.org/10.1183/23120541.00239-2018
Slevin, P., Kessie, T., Cullen, J., Butler, M. W.,
Donnelly, S. C., & Caulfield, B. (2021). A qualitative study of
clinician perceptions regarding the potential role for digital
health interventions for the management of COPD. Health
Informatics Journal, 27(1), 146045822199488.
https://doi.org/10.1177/1460458221994888