2. This presentation will:
•Link PRADD’s property rights approach to
the objectives of the Kimberley Process
•Report on the activities of the PRADD Pilot
Project
•Describe the property rights context in
CAR
• Demonstrate how a mining claims registry
– supported by a GIS database – responds
to KP, PRADD and CAR objectives
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3. Diamonds and CAR
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•World’s tenth largest
diamond producer
•Diamonds earn 40-50% of
export revenues
•Over 90% of diamond prod.
in CAR is artisanal
•Alluvial mining throughout
country
•Porous borders
•Political instability
4. The Kimberley Process
Targeting transparency at 2 levels:
• International: implementation of the KP
Certification Process since January 2003
• From mine to export: implementation of
PRADD/CAR since April 2007
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5. PRADD Premise:
Secure and enforceable property
rights of artisanal miners and local
communities will:
1. Contribute to bringing alluvial diamonds into a
secure chain of custody
2. Improve the livelihoods of miners and mining
communities
3. Improve environmental management
4. REDUCE CONFLICT
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6. PRADD 1st Year Activities
• Training – workshops – communications
• Policy reviews
• PRA
• Policy education
• GIS database design
• Map products
• Census of claimants
• Claimant survey
• Ongoing database development
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7. Map Products - Bossoui
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•3 principal waterways
•7 villages
•Total population: 5,413
•90%+ active in diamond sector
8. Census of Artisanal Miners - Bossoui
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•254 chefs de
chantier (property
rights claimants)
•310 chantiers
•19 women CdC
•90% mining 5+ yrs;
•70% mining 15+ yrs
•50%+ from local
area
•3 out of 254 have
artisanal permits
9. The Diamond Chain of Custody:
Principal Actors
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*The Faux Artisans use mining license to purchase
10. Survey: of Artisanal Miners - Bossoui
Theme of Property Rights
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How mines acquired:
54% new mines
40% inherited
4% purchased
2% gifts
Based on 118 / 254 artisanal mining surveys, Nov 2007
11. The GIS Database:
Year 1 Design and Initiation
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•Claimant identity
•Unique ID # of site
•Location / Coordinates
•Mining documentation
•Land transactions
•Production
•Marketing
•Property rights basis /
history
•Conflicts
•Environment
•Income
•HH economy•Automatic update
•Defined periodic update (cahier de production)
•Initial or occasional surveys
12. GIS Database:
Year 2 Improvements and Completion
• Claims validation
• Conflict mediation
• Improved GIS technology
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14. Two phases:
1.Open access
in mining areas
2.Legitimization
of rights
The Response of
Customary Property Systems
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15. Property Rights in CAR Policy
Strong property claims of government
Liberalized access to mines
Circumscribed customary rights
…but the government lacks capacity to
implement the policies
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16. Mining licenses and permits
Production notebook
The Mining Code Presents
Opportunities for Securing and
Formalizing Legitimate Claims:
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18. Using the Database to Sort
Out Claims and
Resolve Conflicts
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LEGEND:
Polygon:
• Industrial mining
Concession (Lobaye
Gold / Noble Minerals)
Red dots:
• Artisanal mining sites
19. • The weak link in KP is mines-to-export (internal controls)
• The weak link in mines-to-export is the production site
• The PRADD mining claims registry addresses this weakness
• The MCR draws on legitimate existing property rights:
- Statutory
- Customary
• By clarifying and formalizing property rights, the MCR
furthers the common objectives of PRADD and KP:
- Transparency
- Information availability
- Conflict management and reduction
- Opportunities for investment and increased revenues
- Environmental sustainability
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Lessons Learned
