Call Girls Service Surat Samaira ❤️🍑 8250192130 👄 Independent Escort Service ...
TINNITUS.pptx
1. D R A N A N T H A K R I S H N A N P B
D E P T O F E N T
G G H , S W M
TINNITUS
2. Tinnitus
Tinnitus is ringing sound or noise in the ear
Described by patient as roaring, hissing, swishing,
rustling or clicking.
It is defined as an auditory perception due to
aberrant spontaneous activity arising from an altered
state of excitation or inhibition within the auditory
system.
It can be subjective or objective.
Usually unilateral
It may vary in pitch and loudness
3. Subjective v/s Objective
Subjective : audible only by the patient
It may have its origin in the external ear, middle ear,
inner ear, VIIIth nerve or the CNS.
Systemic diseases like arteriosclerosis, HTN, anemia
and certain drugs may act through inner ear or
central auditory pathways.
Objective : audible to the examiner as well, usually
caused by arteriovenous malformations, glomus
tumours, palatal or tympanic myoclonus, patulous
eustachian tube, TM joint abnormality.
13. Tinnitus Retraining Therapy
Developed by Jastreboff from University of
Maryland.
It aims to attenuate connections between auditory,
limbic and autonomic nervous systems and thus
create tinnitus habituation.
It is based on the neurophysiological model of
tinnitus.
It presumes that tinnitus doesnot cause as much
annoyance as the emotional reactions generated
from limbic and autonomic systems.
14. Tinnitus Retraining Therapy
It occurs at two levels :
1. Habituation of reaction : it is uncoupling of brain
and body from negative reactions to tinnitus
2. Habituation of tinnitus : it is blocking of the
tinnitus related neuronal activity to reach level of
consciousness.
15. Tinnitus Retraining Therapy
Therapy consists of two major components :
1. Counselling : it is important to educate patients about
tinnitus, its mechanism of generation, perception of
tinnitus at subcortical and cortical levels and
plasticity of brain which can habituate any sensory
stimuli.
2. Sound therapy : the patient is exposed to
environmental sounds, music, radio, television or use
of hearing aids(if suffering from hearing loss)
To produce external sound for habituation, sound
generators are used which produce continuous low-
level, broad-band noise for atleast 8 hours a day.
16. Tinnitus Retraining Therapy
TRT needs a long period of 18-24 months but gives a
significant improvement in more than 80% of
patients.