Safety of nuclear power plant operation. Lecture 8.
Lectures on the discipline: "Safety of nuclear power plant operation" and "Сriteria of safety and risk assessment".
Nanostructured materials: Belarus - Russia - Ukraine. Collection of Plenary Reports IV International scientific conference. Minsk. 7-10 October 2014. Pp.68-80.
Plenary Talk
Nanoclusters as superatoms and supermolecules
http://physics.by/e107_files/public/nano2014_sbornik_tesdokladov.pdf
A.M. Ilyanok1, I.A. Timoshchenko2
1 CC “Nanobiology”, Minsk, Belarus
2 Belarusian State University, Minsk, Belarus
For the first time the opportunity of transfer functions of the human cerebral cortex in silicon neurochip of 10 cm^3 with 3D nanojet printer is shows. This is due to the fact that in the last 10 years a new direction in nanotechnology has appeared - the creation of organic and inorganic nanoclusters of certain size, called superatoms, which exhibit the unique properties of elementary atoms and can formally establish a new "periodic table". The development of an entirely new field of science opens the possibility to use cheaper isoelectronic analogues instead of expensive items.
In 1998, we proposed an electronic model of superatoms of helium in orthophaze and paraphase. These superatoms are formed from metal oxides and semiconductors. On this base we developed a new class of single-electron devices with unique physical properties. For example, one can create a computer with 10^16 transactions per second while consuming only a few joules of energy, which is close to the thermodynamic limit 3,4∙10^20 operations/joule. The computer can be grown in a 3D topology by jet nanolithography. Neuroprocessor with performance close to the one of the human cortex takes volume of few cubic centimeters. To demonstrate the formation conditions of superatoms we have developed a new model of an electron with energy of 0.1-0.2 eV, namely «cold» ring electron with radius of 7.25 nm. From the standpoint of superatoms we can consider the physical and chemical properties of proteins like supermolecules formed from superatoms. For example, the protein tubulin which forms nerve fibers and nuclear scaffolds and cells shows unique physical properties. It forms nanotubes with a diameter of 14.5 nm.
The developed technology of jet nanolithography allows us to grow inorganic artificial neurons, while watching their growth using the methods of nanophotonics. Back in 2005, we have patented scanning nanojet microscope, working in real time to monitor the living cell and its dynamics. In 2015 the Nobel Prize has been obtained for similar work on methods of fluorescence microscopy with a priority in 2006. However, the practical importance and potential of our development is much broader than that of the Nobel laureates. We can see at once to build nano-objects, but they only see, and not in real time.
Proposed electronic model of superatoms greatly simplifies the task of atomic-molecular engineering.
#nanoclusters #superatom #supermolecule #nanoelectronics #nanophotonics, #3D nanoprinter #jet nanolithography #neurocomputer #immortality #Nobel Prize
Safety of nuclear power plant operation. Lecture 8.
Lectures on the discipline: "Safety of nuclear power plant operation" and "Сriteria of safety and risk assessment".
Nanostructured materials: Belarus - Russia - Ukraine. Collection of Plenary Reports IV International scientific conference. Minsk. 7-10 October 2014. Pp.68-80.
Plenary Talk
Nanoclusters as superatoms and supermolecules
http://physics.by/e107_files/public/nano2014_sbornik_tesdokladov.pdf
A.M. Ilyanok1, I.A. Timoshchenko2
1 CC “Nanobiology”, Minsk, Belarus
2 Belarusian State University, Minsk, Belarus
For the first time the opportunity of transfer functions of the human cerebral cortex in silicon neurochip of 10 cm^3 with 3D nanojet printer is shows. This is due to the fact that in the last 10 years a new direction in nanotechnology has appeared - the creation of organic and inorganic nanoclusters of certain size, called superatoms, which exhibit the unique properties of elementary atoms and can formally establish a new "periodic table". The development of an entirely new field of science opens the possibility to use cheaper isoelectronic analogues instead of expensive items.
In 1998, we proposed an electronic model of superatoms of helium in orthophaze and paraphase. These superatoms are formed from metal oxides and semiconductors. On this base we developed a new class of single-electron devices with unique physical properties. For example, one can create a computer with 10^16 transactions per second while consuming only a few joules of energy, which is close to the thermodynamic limit 3,4∙10^20 operations/joule. The computer can be grown in a 3D topology by jet nanolithography. Neuroprocessor with performance close to the one of the human cortex takes volume of few cubic centimeters. To demonstrate the formation conditions of superatoms we have developed a new model of an electron with energy of 0.1-0.2 eV, namely «cold» ring electron with radius of 7.25 nm. From the standpoint of superatoms we can consider the physical and chemical properties of proteins like supermolecules formed from superatoms. For example, the protein tubulin which forms nerve fibers and nuclear scaffolds and cells shows unique physical properties. It forms nanotubes with a diameter of 14.5 nm.
The developed technology of jet nanolithography allows us to grow inorganic artificial neurons, while watching their growth using the methods of nanophotonics. Back in 2005, we have patented scanning nanojet microscope, working in real time to monitor the living cell and its dynamics. In 2015 the Nobel Prize has been obtained for similar work on methods of fluorescence microscopy with a priority in 2006. However, the practical importance and potential of our development is much broader than that of the Nobel laureates. We can see at once to build nano-objects, but they only see, and not in real time.
Proposed electronic model of superatoms greatly simplifies the task of atomic-molecular engineering.
#nanoclusters #superatom #supermolecule #nanoelectronics #nanophotonics, #3D nanoprinter #jet nanolithography #neurocomputer #immortality #Nobel Prize
3. www.iate.obninsk.ru
СТРУКТУРА КУРСА
1
3
1. Взаимодействие нейтронов с ядрами
1.1. Общие характеристики взаимодействия нейтронов с ядрами
1.2. Перенос нейтронов. Общая теория
2. Диффузия и замедление нейтронов
2.1. Диффузия нейтронов
2.2. Замедление нейтронов в бесконечных средах
3. Пространственное распределение нейтронов
3.1. Термализация нейтронов
3.2. Пространственное распределение замедляющихся нейтронов