1. FERTILITY AND SEXUAL HEALTH
JOSHUA DJABANOR
Human Biologist (Researcher)
Department of Biomedical Science
University of Cape Coast
Contact: 0545189290/0206027445
Email: djabanor.joshua25@ymail.com

2.  FERTILITY
 The state of being capable to produce
 SEX
 The gender variations between living things (male or
female)
 HEALTH
 The general condition of the body or the mind
 Good health or ill health
Sexual health is the reproductive state of
humans, whether fertile or infertile
INTRODUCTION

3.  INFERTILITY is the failure of a couple to achieve
conception after one year of regular, unprotected
sexual intercourse.
 Who should I blame; myself or my partner???

4. MALE INFERTILITY…….???
Erectile dysfunctioning (ED) or impotence is the
inability of a male to have or maintain a stable erection to
aid in vaginal penetration.
 Causes of ED
 Hormonal Imbalance
 Neurological impairment
 Drugs
 Cardiovascular disorders
 Lifestyle
 Emotional and Psychological Instability
Abnormal sperm and semen…???

5. ABNORMAL SPERM AND SEMEN
 Teratospermia (abnormal sperm structure)

6.  Azoospermia; the total absence of sperm in a semen
sample, due to a failure in sperm production or a
physical obstruction.
 Oligospermia (Low sperm count); <“20 million sperm
per/mL” as the threshold for a “normal” or “healthy”
sperm count
 Asthenospermia; weak & abnormal sperm motility
 Too little or too much semen per ejaculation
 Acidic semen
CONT’D

7. OTHER CAUSES OF MALE INFERTILITY
 Premature ejaculation
 Retrograde ejaculation
 Cryptorchidism
 Age
 STDs
 Occupational factors
 Medical conditions

8. FEMALE INFERTILITY; CAUSES???
 Ovulation Problems
 PCOS
 Dysmenorrhea
 Blocked Fallopian Tubes
 PID
 Endometriosis
 Uterine Fibroids
 Cervical Mucus & Ig
 Ovarian Cancer
 Cervical Cancer
 Vaginal hernias
 Hormonal imbalance

9. READY TO MARRY???
 See your counselor
 Know your fertility status
 Know your blood type
 Avoid abortion
 Live a healthy lifestyle
 Eat more fruits** (water melon, pawpaw and orange)
 Be faithful to your partner
 Be ready to face the reality

10. AFTER MARRIAGE, WHAT NEXT???
 Be patient; wait
 Never blame; he/she might be innocent!
 Treat your partner like yourself
 Assess yourself
 Divorce is not the solution
 See your doctor when necessary

11. REFERENCES
 www.asrm.org -- American Society for Reproductive
Medicine
 Hammoud AO, Gibson M, Peterson CM, Meikle AW, Carrell
DT. Impact of male obesity on infertility: a critical review of
the current literature. Fertil Steril . 2008; 90(4):897-904
 Practice Committee of American Society for Reproductive
Medicine. Guidelines for reducing the risk of viral
transmission during fertility treatment. Fertil Steril . 2008;
90(5):156-62.
 hu JL, Basso O, Obel C, Bille C, Olsen J. Infertility,
infertility treatment, and congenital malformations: Danish
national birth cohort. BMJ . 2006 (7570):679.
 Hoover RN, Hyer M, Pfeiffer RM, Adam E, Bond B, Cheville
AL, et al. Adverse health outcomes in women exposed in
utero to diethylstilbestrol. N Engl J Med. 2011 Oct 6;365
(14):1304-14.

12. THANK
YOU…
???