This document provides an overview of material solutions from WEVO-CHEMIE GmbH for e-mobility applications. It discusses the company's history and certifications. The document outlines WEVO-CHEMIE's portfolio of epoxy, polyurethane, and silicone systems. It then covers topics like thermal conductivity, thermal propagation, flame suppression, and smoke toxicity as they relate to battery and electric vehicle applications. Standards for testing these materials are also summarized.

1. ENGINEERED INTERFACE
MATERIAL SOLUTIONS
FOR E-MOBILITY APPLICATIONS
WEVO-CHEMIE GmbH, March 14 & 15, 2022

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1960s
1978
1985
1990
Company
founded
1945
First epoxy and
polyurethane adhesives
First polyurethane-based
electrical casting resins
Polyamide hot-melt glues
for the filter industry
Encapsulation of
transmission sensors
First approval for flame
retardancy under UL 94
1993
First encapsulation
of parking sensors
1994
Encapsulation
of airbag sensors
1998
Polyester hot-melt glues
for the filter industry
2002
Entry into the
Chinese market
2004
Certification to ISO TS 16949 (now: IATF 16949)
Encapsulation of TPMS sensors
2006
Expansion of capacity and
opening of new factory building
First resin solution
for electric batteries
2007
Patent application for thermal
conductivity solutions
Epoxy resins for encapsulation
of electric motors
2012
Founding of sales companies
in China and Hong Kong
2014
Development in the field
of autonomous driving
2017
Certification to ISO 14001:2015
Founding of a sales company in
the USA
2018
75 years Wevo
Coating solutions for protection against
e-corrosion
Patent granted for new epoxy resin
2020
Atlanta
Stuttgart
Beijing
Suzhou
Seoul
Guangzhou
Hong
Kong
Chennai
ISO/TS 16949 certified
supplier in our sector
1
export countries
served by Wevo
> 53
years of experience in product
development and application technology
> 75
Wevo resin formulations
available worldwide
> 400
customers use our systems
>1200
components casted, bonded or sealed
with Wevo products every year
> 2 billion
WEVO-CHEMIE GMBH
AN INDEPENDENT FAMILY-OWNED COMPANY WITH AN INTERNATIONAL PRESENCE
Certification to ISO 45001:2018
2021

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PRODUCT PORTFOLIO
THREE PRODUCT CHEMISTRIES FOR CUSTOMISED
SOLUTIONS – FOR YOUR REQUIREMENTS
WEVOPUR
OUR VERSATILE
POLYURETHANE SYSTEMS
Balanced systems with
highly configurable profile.
WEVOPOX
OUR CUSTOMISABLE
EPOXY SYSTEMS
High-strength systems with
high thermal stability.
WEVOSIL
OUR HIGH-PERFORMANCE
SILICONE SYSTEMS
High-elasticity systems with
high thermal stability.
ANTI-CORROSION
CHEMICAL RESISTANCE
CONDENSATION PROTECTION
EX-PROOF
HERMETIC SEALING
MECHANICAL STABILITY
MOISTURE PROTECTION
MULTI-SUBSTRATE
RTI
THERMAL CONDUCTIVITY
TRANSPARENT
FLAME RETARDANT
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THE SYMMETRY
ENGINEERING SOLUTIONS FOR
ELECTRONIC MATERIAL NEEDS
Wevo’s diversity and expertise offers engineering
solutions that address and recognises the
customer’s needs.
Whatever the application, Wevo’s practical
approach converts the customer needs into
specific disciplines. Each discipline can combine
chemistry, application, mechanical and electrical
engineering consideration and importantly safety
and reliability. These considerations may involve
working with or co-collaboration with the
customer supply partners.
RELIABILITY
& SAFETY
ELECTRICAL
PROPERTIES
MECHANICAL
PROPERTIES
COST
PROCESSABILITY
THERMAL
PROPERTIES

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COMPARISON OF EP, PU AND SIL
PARAMETER EPOXY POLYURETHANE SILICONE
Room temp. cure Yes Yes Yes
Heat temp. cure Yes Yes Yes
Rigid (D90+) Yes No No
Semi-rigid (D60–85) Yes Yes No
Elastomeric (A60–80) No Yes Yes
Gel (<A40) No Moderate Yes
Thermal conductivity Yes Yes Yes
Flame retardant Yes Yes Yes
Electrical properties Excellent Excellent Excellent
Repairability Difficult/Impossible Possible Possible
To help our customers select the right materials, we considered the generics of each chemistry.
The table shows that today’s
advancement in material design
has created a degree of parity
across the three main base
chemistries.
These base chemistries fulfil
similar requirements, e.g. curing
profiles, flame retardancy and
electrical properties. However
each chemistry typically incurs a
technical trade-off to achieve
certain specifications.

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SILICONE
Thermal conductivity [W/m·K]
(low-high)
Mechanical adaptability
(low-high)
Flame-retardant
properties
(weak-good)
Adhesion
(weak-good)
Impregnation
(weak-good)
Insulation
properties
(low-high)
Reactivity range
(narrow-wide)
Thermal stability
(low-high)
• Excellent temperature stability
• User friendly Processability
• Low Shrinkage
• Higher Thermal Conductivity
• Excellent elastomeric properties
• Good Dielectric strength
• Re-workable
• Flame Retardancy

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SILICONE
Temperature Stability
Some systems as low as -80°C and as high 250°C as operating temperature.
Excellent thermal cycling resistance
Thermal mitigation up to 1200°C (Bunsen burner test)
Processability User friendly and non-exothermic
Mix Ratio 1:1 Both A and B components are filled
Low Shrinkage Silicones based on RTV chemistry (room-temperature-vulcanizing)
Electrical Insulating Dielectric strength from >10 kV/mm to >30 kV/mm
Dampening Excellent elastomeric properties: Gel - Shore 00 – A80
Re-workable Low adhesion properties permitting the possibility to remove
Higher Thermal
Conductivity
Accommodates high solid contents. Both A and B components are filled
Flame Retardancy Inherit flame retardancy

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POLYURETHANE
Thermal conductivity [W/m·K]
(low-high)
Mechanical adaptability
(low-high)
Flame-retardant
properties
(weak-good)
Adhesion
(weak-good)
Impregnation
(weak-good)
Insulation
properties
(low-high)
Reactivity range
(narrow-wide)
Thermal stability
(low-high)
• Design flexibility
• Excellent flowability
• Mechanical Integrity
• Moderate Thermal Conductivity
• Excellent elastomeric properties
• Excellent barrier
• Good Dielectric strength
• Flame Retardancy

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POLYURETHANE
Design Flexibility
Pot-life, curing times and increased viscosity allows flexibility from prototyping
through b-sampling to SOP.
Temperature Stability
Some systems as low as -60°C and as high as 135°C (hybrid systems up to
165°C) operating temperatures.
Short-term (1min+) Thermal mitigation up to 1200°C (Bunsen burner test)
Excellent Flowability
Oil like properties permits easy flow of the material on majority of substrates
Can also be heated to reduce viscosity and improve flowabiity
Electrical Insulating Dielectric strength from >20 kV/mm to ca. 40 kV/mm
Dampening Excellent elastomeric properties: Shore A20 up to D90
Mechanical Integrity
Excellent thermal and mechanical shock resistance with good structural
integrity
Barrier Excellent moisture barrier
Thermal Conductivity
With excellent adhesion properties promotes high surface contact and
increases thermal conductive
Flame Retardancy Majority of systems have flame retardancy

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EPOXY
Thermal conductivity [W/m·K]
(low-high)
Mechanical adaptability
(low-high)
Flame-retardant
properties
(weak-good)
Adhesion
(weak-good)
Impregnation
(weak-good)
Insulation
properties
(low-high)
Reactivity range
(narrow-wide)
Thermal stability
(low-high)
• Good temperature stability
• Excellent flowability
• Excellent impregnation
• Mechanical Integrity
• Moderate Thermal Conductivity
• Security
• Good Dielectric strength
• Flame Retardancy

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EPOXY
Temperature Stability
-40°C up to 180°C and for short periods can withstand operating temperature
up to 200°C and above.
Excellent Flowability Can also be heated to reduce viscosity and improve flowability
Impregnation
Excellent impregnation properties and highly suitable for vacuum potting and
encapsulation
Electrical Insulating Dielectric strength from >20 kV/mm to ca. 40 kV/mm
Mechanical Integrity
Excellent thermal and mechanical shock resistance with superior structural
integrity.
Thermal Conductivity
With excellent adhesion properties promotes high surface contact and
increases thermal conductivity
Security Almost impossible to remove/dissolve without destroying the whole unit

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FORMULATION
Flowability · Mixing ratio · Reactivity Range
Thermal Conductivity · Viscosity Ratio
PROCESSABILITY
Achieving the desired technical properties without compromising
processability.
Thermal Conductivity · Density · Wettability · Compressibility
Layer Thickness
HEAT DISSIPATION
In the field of battery technology, the reliable dissipation of heat and
excess heat is essential for the stability and longevity of the system.
WEIGHT
E-mobility vehicle development strives to increase range while
reducing total weight. The system weight is therefore of critical
importance in battery development.
Thermal Conductivity · Heat Dissipation · Processability · Weight
Design of Battery Pack Unit
COST
Achieving development and technology goals and profile while
minimising its impact on the costs of the resin systems.
Thermal Conductivity · Density
Flowability · Design of Battery Pack

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HOT TOPICS
• Thermal conductivity
• Thermal runaway
• Thermal propagation
• Flame suppression
• Smoke toxicity and density

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WHAT IS THERMAL CONDUCTIVITY
“The thermal conductivity of a material is a measure
of its ability to conduct heat.”
Wikipedia
“Thermal conduction, transfer of energy (heat) arising from temperature
differences between adjacent parts.”
Encyclopædia Britannica.
• However, thermal conductivity is only one consideration of the overall requirement.
• The lower the thermal conductivity the better the thermal insulation

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HEAT DISSIPATION DECIPHERED
• Thermal conductivity (W/m∙k)
Higher thermal conductivity = quicker/more energy removed
• Thermal resistance (Rth)
Low thermal resistance = lower the temperature difference + higher thermal flow
• Thermal diffusivity (DT)
Homogeneous temperature distribution + thermal conductivity = rapid heat dispersed
• Heat capacity (Specific)
High heat capacity = more heat energy absorb before per 1 kelvin increase

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ISO DIN VRS ASTM
ISO DIN 22007 2/2008 ASTM D5470 VS.
HotDisk Thermal Conductivity Analyzer Stationary Cylinder Method
Two test samples are placed between the
measuring probes
A test sample is placed between the heat source and the
heat sink.
Pressure less measurement Defined pressure on the sample
A heat flow is directed into the sample and then
detected
Heat flow through the sample is detected
No difference between hard and soft samples
Hardness of the sample requires adjustment of
the pressure used

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ISO DIN VRS ASTM
System Method
Thermal Conductivity
[W/m∙K)
Pressure
[psi / bar / MPa]
Shore 00: 60-70 DIN (Hot Disc) 2.50 - / - / -
Shore 00: 60-70 ASTM D5470-2017 2.60 14.5 / 1.0 / 0.1
Shore 00: 60-70 ASTM D5470-2017 3.00 43.5 / 3.0 / 0.3
System Method
Thermal Conductivity
[W/m∙K)
Pressure
[psi / bar / MPa]
Shore A: 55-65 DIN (Hot Disc) 1.50 - / - / -
Shore A: 55-65 ASTM D5470-2017 1.48 14.5 / 1.0 / 0.1
Shore A: 55-65 ASTM D5470-2017 1.51 43.5 / 3.0 / 0.3

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THERMAL INTERFACE MATERIALS
These materials require fillers with
thermal conductive properties.
• Complex mix ratios
• Complex material handling
• Increased viscosity
• Increased density
• Decreased flowability
Research data established via a German government funded project

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GAP FILLERS
• Paste-like materials employed to fill spaces between heat source and cooling element
• Applied to a surface and then assembled
• Elastomeric properties offering dampening properties
• Highly filled, high density, more weight per litre
Bulk thermal conductivity ≈
Higher thermal resistance ≈ solid contents and/or crosslinking

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POTTING
• Lower viscous material employed to create a void-free environment
• Improves mechanical integrity and stress relief
• Functional as an adhesion, sealant and gap fill
• Elastomeric properties from paste to medium hard to very hard
Void-free + high surface contact pathway ≈
Lower thermal resistance
Higher Thermal diffusivity

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THERMAL MITIGATION
SILICONE PADS and/or PASTE
• Controlled exhaust of venting cells
• Reducing potential ignition by possible
means of flame suppression
>1000 °C flame on a 2 mm silicone pad
>1000 °C flame after >5 minutes

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COATING & CELCORR
Wevo’s pursuit to initiate and innovate leads to develop materials to improve corrosion reliability
of electronic devices. Led by the Centre for Electronic Corrosion, Department of Mechanical
Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, as a research group focusing on “Climatic Reliability
of Electronic Devices”.
We help electronic industries on various issues to develop products with a “Design for Reliability
(DFR)” concept.
Photos curtesy of Cleantron BV and Bdtronic
WEVOPUR COMPREHENSIVE
COATING SOLUTIONS FOR
MECHANICAL, THERMAL AND
CORROSION PROTECTION

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WEVO & CELCORR
Photos curtesy of Cleantron BV and Bdtronic
▪ High confidence level of superior e-corrosion protection
▪ A single product that can be applied without a housing or mould
▪ Coating thickness upto 1mm
▪ Minimal impact on warpage and electrical characteristics at board-level
▪ Additional key characteristics added: Thermal, Mechanical, etc.,

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Test-standard evaluates the fire risk of components and materials used for operating rolling
stock in railway transportation systems. The standard and certification includes 3 tests:
1. Smoke density Ds max.
2. Oxygen index OI
3. Smoke toxicity CITNLP
HL 1 HL 2 HL 3
R22 (interior use)
(IN16, EL2, EL6A, EL7A, M2)
T01 / EN ISO 4589-2: OI Oxygen content % Minimum 28 28 32
T10.03 / EN ISO 5659-2: 25 kWm-2 Ds max. dimensionless Maximum 600 300 150
T12 / NF X70-100-1 and -2, 600 °C CITNLP dimensionless Maximum 1.2 0.9 0.75
R23 (exterior use)
(EX12, EL2, EL5 EL6B, EL7B, M3)
T01 / EN ISO 4589-2: OI Oxygen content % Minimum 28 28 32
T10.03 / EN ISO 5659-2: 25 kWm2 Ds max. dimensionless Maximum – 600 300
T12 / NF X70-100-1 and -2, 600 °C CITNLP dimensionless Maximum – 1.8 1.5
RAILWAY FIRE STANDARD EN 45545-2
For electrical and electronic components there are different requirements phrases applicable dependent on their
position for interior use (R 22) and exterior use (R 23):
The following matrix shows the allowed thresholds for the different hazardous levels in the applied tests:

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WEVOPUR
403 FL
WEVOPUR
9251 FL
WEVOPUR
552 FLX
WEVOPUR
552 FL
WEVOPUR
512FL/50
WEVOPUR
512 FLE
WEVOPUR
67210 FL
WEVOPOX
36001 FL
WEVONAT
300 RE
WEVONAT
300 RE
WEVONAT
300
WEVONAT
300
WEVONAT
900 E
WEVONAT
900 E
WEVONAT
507
WEVODUR
5001
Sample
thickness 2.1–9.9 mm 2.1–9.9 mm 2.2–10.1 mm 2.1–10.2 mm 3.0–10.0 mm 3.0–10.0 mm 10.0 mm 3.1–10.0 mm
Classification
R22 HL2 HL2 HL3 HL2 HL1 HL2 HL3 HL2
Classification
R23 HL3 HL3 HL3 HL3 HL2 HL3 HL3 HL3
EN 45545-2: APPROVED WEVO RESINS

26. WE ARE MUCH MORE THAN A SUPPLIER
From development to volume production – we support our customers
every step along the way.
WE PIONEER PROGRESS
We are a proven partner in project-driven innovation with a decades-
long track record.
WE INITIATE INNOVATION
We develop new ideas for every area of electrical component casting,
bonding and sealing.

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The technical application-related advice that we provide verbally, in writing and through testing is provided to the best of our knowledge but must be regarded as non-binding
information, among other things with reference to any third-party property rights, and does not exempt you from conducting your own checks on the products we supply to determine
their suitability for the intended processes and purposes. The application, use and processing of the products are beyond our control and therefore exclusively your responsibility. Should
an issue of liability arise nevertheless, such liability for all losses shall be limited to the value of the goods supplied by us and used by you. It goes without saying that we guarantee the
impeccable quality of our products in accordance with our General Terms and Conditions.
Copyright 2021 WEVO-CHEMIE GmbH. All rights reserved. Unless otherwise indicated by name, all texts, images and graphics are subject to copyright and other laws for the protection
of intellectual property. They may not be copied, changed or used in any other way.
Terence Kearns
Business Development Manager
Terence.Kearns@wevo-chemie.de